a town of Independent Turkestan, in the Khanat, and 90 miles N.W. of Khokan, on the east side of the Jaxartes, in a fertile region occupied to a large extent with gardens. It is surrounded by a wall of brick 12 miles in circuit, and entered by four gates. A great part of the area thus enclosed is occupied by gardens and vineyards; the streets of the town are very narrow; and the houses for the most part meanly built of mud, and thatched with reeds. The chief buildings are the castle, which is defended by walls and ditches; several mosques, colleges, temples, and a large bazaar. Gunpowder, silk, and cotton goods are manufactured here; and an extensive trade is carried on chiefly by means of caravans with the Russian territories: woollen and silken stuffs, indigo, precious metals, hardware, leather, &c., being the chief imports; and nitre and cattle the principal articles exported. Tashkend was captured by the Russians in 1834. Pop. 40,000.