a town of the Austrian empire, capital of a circle of the same name, and of the crownland of Banat, in a marshy plain on the Bega Canal, 75 miles N.N.E. of Belgrade. It is strongly fortified with walls, moats, and outworks; and is entered by three gates, beyond each of which there lies a suburb. The streets are broad and regular; the houses solid and handsome; and there are many fine public squares. The principal buildings are, the Roman Catholic cathedral, a fine Gothic edifice; a handsome Greek cathedral, with several other churches; a synagogue; the elegant episcopal palace; the old castle of John Hunyady; the large county hall; the theatre, and assembly rooms. There are also here numerous convents, a gymnasium, and several other schools; an arsenal, barracks, civil and military hospitals, &c. Manufactures are extensively carried on in Temesvar, especially in one of the suburbs, which is called from that circumstance the Factory Suburb. Iron wire, silk, cotton cloth, paper, and leather, are the chief articles prepared. A considerable transit trade is carried on, especially in corn. Temesvar has played an important part in modern history. It was in the hands of the Turks, from its capture in 1552 till 1718, when it was regained by Prince Eugene, and strongly fortified. In 1849, it was besieged for 107 days by the Hungarian insurgents, but it held out until it was relieved by General Haynau. Pop. (1854) 20,300, exclusive of the military.