a district of British India, in the presidency of Bengal, bounded on the N. by Nepaul, E. by the district of Bhaugulpore, S.E. by that of Monghyr, S. by that of Patna, and W. by that of Sarun. Length from E. to W. 140 miles, breadth 95; area, 7402 square miles. It is not a mountainous, but a gently undulating country, of a beautiful appearance, as it abounds with groves, orchards, and forests, and is watered by many fine lakes and rivers. The general slope of the country is from N.W. to S.E., and in that direction all the principal rivers flow. Besides the Ganges, which forms the southern boundary of the district, Tirhoot is watered by the Gunduck and the Bagmattee, which flow into it. The climate is very warm and moist, but healthy for Europeans, though the natives often suffer from malaria. The soil is rich and industriously cultivated, though without much skill, by the natives; wheat, rice, barley, maize, millet, potatoes, &c., being raised in large quantities. Indigo is the staple commercial product of the district, but cotton, sugar, and tobacco are also raised. In the north there are extensive sal forests, and throughout the country many excellent fruits abound. Manufactures are few, being chiefly confined to coarse cloth, ropes, earthenware, the preparation of saltpetre and other salts. Tirhoot was granted to the East India Company by Shah Alum in 1765. Pop. 2,400,000.