an ancient city of Latium, on a western prolongation of the Alban Hills, about 15 miles E.S.E. of Rome. Its foundation is carried back by tradition to a remote period, and ascribed to Telegonus, son of Ulysses and Circe; but of its history for several hundred years after we have very scanty information. After the expulsion of the Tarquins from Rome, Octavius Mamilius, the chief man in Tusculum, is said to have supported their cause, and led an army against the Romans; but he was totally defeated, and slain at the small lake Regillus, near Tusculum. Thereupon an alliance was formed between Tusculum and Rome, which lasted unbroken for 140 years, until, in 357 B.C., the whole of the Latin cities, and Tusculum among the rest, joined in a war with Rome, which ended in their entire and final subjection to that power. Tusculum was more leniently treated than the other cities, and granted the rank of a free city, which it ever after retained. Towards the close of the republic, and under the empire, it was a favourite country resort of the Romans, though not so much admired as Tibur. Cicero, Cato, Brutus, Caesar, and others had villas here—that of Cicero being remarkable for the composition of many of his philosophical works, including the well known "Tuscan Disputations." The ancient city continued to exist amid all the vicissitudes of the times till near the end of the twelfth century, when it was demolished by the Romans, and the town of Frascati rose in the vicinity.