JUAN LUIS**, better known perhaps under the Latinized form of his name, **LUDOVICUS VIVES**, was born at Valencia in Spain in March 1492. He studied dialectic at Paris, and afterwards became professor of Latin at Louvain and subsequently at Oxford. Having dedicated an edition of the *De Civitate Dei* of Augustin to Henry VIII. of England, he was invited to London, and was appointed tutor to the Princess Mary. The independence of his character drew upon him much persecution. Vives had the courage to blame the divorce of the king from Catherine of Aragon, which led to his imprisonment. When released, he passed over to Spain, and ultimately took up his residence at Bruges, where he wrote the greater number of his works. Vives formed at an early period of his career the friendship of Erasmus and of G. Budacus. Vives gained considerable distinction by his hostility to the scholastic philosophy, and to the authority of Aristotle. The best of his philosophical publications are *De Causis Corruptarum Artium*; *De Prima Philosophia*; *De Explanatione Essentiarum*; *De Censura Veri*; *De Instrumento Probatatis et Disputations*; *De Inititis Sectis et Laudibus Philosophiae*; and *De Anima et Vita*. A complete edition of his works was published at Basle, 2 vols. 1555, a second at Valencia in 1782.