or NEW WINDSOR, so called to distinguish it from Old Windsor, about 2 miles to the S.E., a market town, parliamentary and municipal borough of England, Berkshire, on the south bank of the Thames, opposite Eton, which is reached by an iron bridge of three arches, 22 miles W. by S. of London. It consists of six principal streets, crossed by others of smaller size, and is well and regularly built, chiefly of brick. It has a fine modern parish church, in the perpendicular style; a district church; Methodist, Independent, and Baptist chapels; free, national, British, and infant schools. There are also an ancient town hall, recently renewed, a neat and commodious theatre, and several parochial charities. Windsor Castle has been the principal seat of British royalty for nearly eight centuries. The Saxon kings had a palace at Old Windsor long previous to the Conquest. The present castle was founded by William the Conqueror; but was almost rebuilt by Edward III., with the assistance of the celebrated William of Wykeham, who was made clerk of the works. Great alterations were made by Sir Jeffry Wyatville, during the reign of George IV. The castle at present occupies about 32 acres of ground; and consists of an upper and a lower court, the former to the east, and the latter to the west, of the Keep or Round Tower. In the lower court is St George's Chapel, a splendid specimen of florid Gothic architecture. It contains the stalls of the Knights of the Garter; and here the ceremony of installation takes place. At the east end of the chapel is the royal vaults, where the remains of George III. and his queen, George IV., the Princess Charlotte, the Duke of Kent, the Duke of York, William IV. and his queen, and others, are deposited. Edward IV. and his queen, Henry VI., Henry VIII., and Charles I. are buried in the chapel. The upper court has on the west the Round Tower, on the north the state apartments, and on the east and south the private apartments of the queen and royal household. Among the state apartments the most remarkable are, the Vandyck Room, containing a collection of portraits by that artist; the Waterloo Chamber, with portraits, chiefly by Sir Thomas Lawrence, of the great men of the time of Waterloo; the Throne Room, Presence Chamber, and St George's Hall, adorned with the arms of all the Knights of the Garter from the foundation of the order, and portraits of the British sovereigns from James I. downwards. The grand staircase and vestibule leading to this part of the castle are also very fine. Along the sides of the quadrangle occupied by the private apartments, runs a corridor, 450 feet long, and richly adorned with pictures, statues, &c. The terrace along the north side of the castle is a magnificent promenade, a third of a mile in length, and commanding a wide and beautiful prospect. On the north and east of the castle is the Little Park, which is about 4 miles in circuit, and contains the tree supposed to be the "Herne's Oak" of Shakspeare. To the south lies the Great Park, reached by the Long Walk, a magnificent avenue of elms, 3 miles in length. It terminates at an eminence called Snow Hill, where is a colossal statue of George III. In the Great Park is Virginia Water, the largest artificial lake in the kingdom. The borough of Windsor is governed by six aldermen and eighteen councillors, of whom one is mayor; and returns two members to parliament. Pop. (1851) 9596.