Cambridge, Ontario (1861 census)
Cambridge was a census subdivision in Russell County, Ontario, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 669. The administrative centroid was at approximately 45.317°N, 75.132°W.
Population
In 1861, Cambridge had a population of 669: 391 male and 278 female residents. Population density was 6.2 people per square mile.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1851 | 200 |
| 1861 | 669 |
| 1871 | 769 |
| 1881 | 1,676 |
| 1891 | 4,113 |
| 1901 | 3,459 |
| 1911 | 3,836 |
| 1921 | 3,426 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861
In the 1861 census, Cambridge shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1861
The 1861 census recorded 276 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 7 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (22 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Female members of the family who are present | 274 |
| Females present who are not members of the family | 4 |
| Male members of the family who are present | 364 |
| Males present who are not members of the family | 27 |
| Number of adult females unable to read or write | 35 |
| Number of adult males unable to read or write | 50 |
| Number of deaf and dumb males | 1 |
| Number of female births in the past year | 7 |
| Number of females | 278 |
| Number of male births in the past year | 13 |
| Number of males | 391 |
| Number of married females | 53 |
| Number of married males | 106 |
| Number of single females | 217 |
| Number of single males | 284 |
| Number of widowed females | 8 |
| Number of widowed males | 1 |
| POP FX N.1 | 278 |
| POP MX N.1 | 391 |
| POP TOT | 669 |
| POP XX N.1 | 669 |
| Total population | 669 |
Age structure (44 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of females age 3 to 4 | 17 |
| Number of females aged 1 to 2 | 13 |
| Number of females aged 2 to 3 | 9 |
| Number of females aged 4 to 5 | 3 |
| Number of females aged 5 to 10 | 41 |
| Number of males aged 1 to 2 | 14 |
| Number of males aged 2 to 3 | 7 |
| Number of males aged 3 to 4 | 13 |
| Number of males aged 4 to 5 | 8 |
| Number of males aged 5 to 10 | 40 |
| Number of married females aged 15 to 20 | 1 |
| Number of married females aged 20 to 30 | 16 |
| Number of married females aged 30 to 40 | 12 |
| Number of married females aged 40 to 50 | 13 |
| Number of married females aged 50 to 60 | 6 |
| Number of married females aged 60 to 70 | 2 |
| Number of married females aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Number of married females aged 80 to 90 | 2 |
| Number of married males aged 20 to 30 | 29 |
| Number of married males aged 30 to 40 | 24 |
| Number of married males aged 40 to 50 | 24 |
| Number of married males aged 50 to 60 | 18 |
| Number of married males aged 60 to 70 | 7 |
| Number of married males aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Number of married males aged 80 to 90 | 2 |
| Number of married males aged 90 to 100 | 1 |
| Number of single females aged 10 to 15 | 42 |
| Number of single females aged 15 to 20 | 29 |
| Number of single females aged 20 to 30 | 32 |
| Number of single females aged 30 to 40 | 13 |
| Number of single females aged 40 to 50 | 7 |
| Number of single females aged 50 to 60 | 4 |
| Number of single males aged 10 to 15 | 47 |
| Number of single males aged 15 to 20 | 57 |
| Number of single males aged 20 to 30 | 58 |
| Number of single males aged 30 to 40 | 12 |
| Number of single males aged 40 to 50 | 10 |
| Number of single males aged 50 to 60 | 2 |
| Number of single males aged 60 to 70 | 3 |
| Number of widowed females aged 30 to 40 | 1 |
| Number of widowed females aged 50 to 60 | 2 |
| Number of widowed females aged 60 to 70 | 1 |
| Number of widowed females aged 70 to 80 | 4 |
| Number of widowed males aged 50 to 60 | 1 |
Ethnic origin (6 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of French Canadians | 346 |
| Number of persons native to Canada, not of French origin | 228 |
| Number of persons originating in England or Wales | 2 |
| Number of persons originating in Ireland | 20 |
| Number of persons originating in Scotland | 71 |
| Number of persons originating in the United States | 2 |
Agriculture (77 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of barley | 23 |
| Acres of buckwheat | 26 |
| Acres of corn | 8 |
| Acres of farmland held by townspeople who are not farmers | 100 |
| Acres of farmland in gardens | 3 |
| Acres of farmland in pasture | 909 |
| Acres of farmland in woodland or forest | 6,268 |
| Acres of farmland under crops | 1,068 |
| Acres of farmland under cultivation | 1,980 |
| Acres of land in farms | 8,248 |
| Acres of oats | 425 |
| Acres of peas | 86 |
| Acres of potatoes | 47 |
| Acres of rye | 6 |
| Acres of spring wheat | 252 |
| Acres of turnips | 2 |
| Acres of winter wheat | 3 |
| Barrels of beef produced in the past year | 30 |
| Barrels of pork produced in the past year | 76 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 350 |
| Bushels of beans produced in the past year | 9 |
| Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year | 352 |
| Bushels of carrots produced in the past year | 23 |
| Bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed produced in the past year | 50 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 89 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 6,894 |
| Bushels of peas produced in the past year | 1,072 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 3,737 |
| Bushels of rye produced in the past year | 116 |
| Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year | 2,919 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 195 |
| Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year | 54 |
| C18 WHT FALL AC | 3 |
| C19 WHT FALL BU | 54 |
| C20 WHT SP AC | 252 |
| C21 WHT SP BU | 2,919 |
| C22 BAR AC | 23 |
| C23 BAR BU | 350 |
| C24 RYE AC | 6 |
| C25 RYE BU | 116 |
| C26 PEA AC | 86 |
| C27 PEA BU | 1,072 |
| C28 OAT AC | 425 |
| C29 OAT BU | 6,894 |
| C30 BWT AC | 26 |
| C31 BWT BU | 352 |
| C34 POT AC | 47 |
| C35 POT BU | 3,737 |
| C43 HAY TONS | 517 |
| C47 WOOL LBS | 473 |
| C63 BEEF BAR | 30 |
| C64 PORK BAR | 76 |
| HRS ov03 V | 6,982 |
| Number of bulls, oxen, or steers | 27 |
| Number of calves and heifers | 140 |
| Number of horses aged 3 years and under | 36 |
| Number of horses aged over 3 years | 75 |
| Number of milk cows | 434 |
| Number of occupants of farms | 58 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres | 15 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres | 17 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres | 21 |
| Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres | 4 |
| Number of persons living on farms under 10 acres | 1 |
| Number of sheep | 181 |
| Number of swine | 141 |
| Pounds of cheese produced on farms in the past year | 654 |
| Pounds of flax or hemp produced in the past year | 17 |
| Pounds of homemade butter | 5,452 |
| Pounds of hops produced in the past year | 25 |
| Pounds of maple sugar produced in the past year | 3,920 |
| Pounds of wool produced on farms in the past year | 473 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 517 |
| Value of all livestock | 9,165 |
| Value of farm implements in dollars | 2,020 |
| Value of farms (dollars) | 73,724 |
| Value of garden and orchard crops produced in the past year | 213 |
Manufacturing & industry (4 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of carriages for pleasure | 5 |
| Value of carriages for pleasure (dollars) | 390 |
| Yards of flannel produced in the past year | 398 |
| Yards of fulled cloth produced in the past year | 205 |
Deaths & mortality (5 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of all ages | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 60 to 70 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of all ages | 2 |
| Total number of deaths in the past year | 3 |
Other recorded variables (118 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| C01 TOTAL | 58 |
| C02 OCC UNDR 10 | 1 |
| C04 OCC 20 TO 50 | 17 |
| C05 OCC 50 TO 100 | 21 |
| C06 OCC 100 TO 200 | 15 |
| C07 OCC OVR 200 | 4 |
| C08 HELD | 8,248 |
| C09 UNDR CULT | 1,980 |
| C1 Males | 391 |
| C10 UNDR CROP | 1,068 |
| C100 Between 90 and 100 years Married M | 1 |
| C11 UNDR PAST | 909 |
| C12 GARDENS | 3 |
| C12 Under 2 Years M | 14 |
| C120 Married M | 106 |
| C121 Single M | 284 |
| C122 Widowed M | 1 |
| C123 Total M | 391 |
| C124 Married F | 53 |
| C125 Single F | 217 |
| C126 Widows F | 8 |
| C127 Total F | 278 |
| C128 Grand Total | 669 |
| C129 Deaths M | 2 |
| C13 Under 2 Years F | 13 |
| C13 WOOD WILD | 6,268 |
| C130 Deaths F | 1 |
| C131 Deaths Total | 3 |
| C138 Adults unable to read or write M | 50 |
| C139 Adults unable to read or write F | 35 |
| C14 CASH FARM | 73,724 |
| C140 Deaf and Dumb M | 1 |
| C15 CASH IMP | 2,020 |
| C16 GARDN VALUE | 213 |
| C16 Under 3 years M | 7 |
| C17 LAND HELD | 100 |
| C17 Under 3 years F | 9 |
| C2 Females | 278 |
| C20 Under 4 years M | 13 |
| C21 Under 4 years F | 17 |
| C24 Under 5 years M | 8 |
| C25 Under 5 years F | 3 |
| C28 Between 5 and 10 Years M | 40 |
| C29 Between 5 and 10 years F | 41 |
| C3 Total | 669 |
| C32 INDN CRN AC | 8 |
| C33 Between 10 and 15 years Single M | 47 |
| C33 INDN CRN BU | 89 |
| C35 Between 10 and 15 years Single F | 42 |
| C36 TUR AC | 2 |
| C37 TUR BU | 195 |
| C38 CAR BU | 23 |
| C39 Between 15 and 20 years Single M | 57 |
| C4 Members of Family M | 364 |
| C40 Between 15 and 20 years Married F | 1 |
| C41 BEN BU | 9 |
| C41 Between 15 and 20 years Single F | 29 |
| C42 CLV TIM GRA | 50 |
| C44 Between 20 and 30 years Married M | 29 |
| C44 HOP LBS | 25 |
| C45 Between 20 and 30 years Single M | 58 |
| C45 MPL SGR LBS | 3,920 |
| C47 Between 20 and 30 years Married F | 16 |
| C48 Between 20 and 30 years Single F | 32 |
| C48 FLLD CLOTH YRDS | 205 |
| C49 FLAN YRDS | 398 |
| C5 Members of Family F | 274 |
| C50 FLX HEM LBS | 17 |
| C52 Between 30 and 40 years Married M | 24 |
| C52 BULLS OX STEERS | 27 |
| C53 Between 30 and 40 years Single M | 12 |
| C53 MILK COWS | 434 |
| C54 CALVES HEIFERS | 140 |
| C55 Between 30 and 40 years Married F | 12 |
| C55 HORSES | 75 |
| C56 Between 30 and 40 years Single F | 13 |
| C56 HORSES VAL | 6,982 |
| C57 Between 30 and 40 years Widows F | 1 |
| C57 COLTS FILLIES | 36 |
| C58 SHEEP | 181 |
| C59 SWINE | 141 |
| C6 Not Members of Family M | 27 |
| C60 Between 40 and 50 years Married M | 24 |
| C60 TOT VALUE | 9,165 |
| C61 Between 40 and 50 years Single M | 10 |
| C61 BUTTER LB | 5,452 |
| C62 CHEESE LB | 654 |
| C63 Between 40 and 50 years Married F | 13 |
| C64 Between 40 and 50 years Single F | 7 |
| C68 Between 50 and 60 years Married M | 18 |
| C68 CAR PLEASURE | 5 |
| C69 Between 50 and 60 years Single M | 2 |
| C69 VALUE DOL P | 390 |
| C7 Not Members of Family F | 4 |
| C70 Between 50 and 60 years Widowers M | 1 |
| C71 Between 50 and 60 years Married F | 6 |
| C72 Between 50 and 60 years Single F | 4 |
| C73 Between 50 and 60 years Widows F | 2 |
| C76 Between 60 and 70 years Married M | 7 |
| C77 Between 60 and 70 years Single M | 3 |
| C79 Between 60 and 70 years Married F | 2 |
| C8 Births in 1860 M | 13 |
| C81 Between 60 and 70 years Widows F | 1 |
| C82 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths M | 2 |
| C84 Between 70 and 80 years Married M | 1 |
| C87 Between 70 and 80 years Married F | 1 |
| C89 Between 70 and 80 years Widows F | 4 |
| C9 Births in 1860 F | 7 |
| C91 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths F | 1 |
| C92 Between 80 and 90 years Married M | 2 |
| C95 Between 80 and 90 years Married F | 2 |
| CD NAME | Russell |
| England and Wales | 2 |
| Ireland | 20 |
| Natives of Canada French Origin | 346 |
| Natives of Canada Not of French Origin | 228 |
| Scotland | 71 |
| United States | 2 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
ON097001— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_ON143001— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Cambridge, Ontario (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/cambridge-on097001-1861/.