Hay, Ontario (1891 census)

Hay was a census subdivision in Ontario, recorded in the 1891 Census of Canada with a population of 4,244. The community is grounded to Wikidata Q115261716. The administrative centroid was at approximately 43.403°N, 81.608°W.

Population

In 1891, Hay had a population of 4,244: 2,113 male and 2,131 female residents.

Population trajectory across census years

Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).

Boundary continuity (non-identical overlaps)

Spatial polygon overlaps with adjacent census years where the boundary shifted enough that the SAME_AS chain didn't merge them. These show where the territory came from and went to even when it isn't tracked as the same persistent place.

Later boundary forms

• In a later year, this CSD contained Hensall, Village, 1901 (1.1% of this CSD's polygon).

Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1891

In the 1891 census, Hay shared boundaries with:

• Stanley
• Stephen
• Tuckersmith
• Usborne

Full census record, 1891

The 1891 census recorded 84 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 5 categories.

Population & families (1891). This community's record includes 4,244 total population, 2,131 females, 2,113 males, 1,395 married persons, 790 families, 699 married males, 696 married females, 135 widowed persons, 83 widowed females, 52 widowed males, 5.40 average size of families. (Source: 1891 Census of Canada, V1T2; V1T3.)

Age structure (1891). This community's record includes 2,714 single persons under 18, 1,362 single males under 18, 1,352 single females under 18. (Source: 1891 Census of Canada, V1T3.)

Ethnic origin (1891). This community's record includes 4,024 persons who are not French Canadian, 220 French Canadians. (Source: 1891 Census of Canada, V1T3.)

Buildings & housing (1891). This community's record includes 789 houses, 789 occupied houses, 626 houses built of wood, 597 houses of 1 story, 441 houses of 6 to 10 rooms, 192 houses of 2 stories, 160 houses built of brick, 103 houses of 5 rooms, 99 houses of 4 rooms, 71 houses of 3 rooms, 39 houses of 2 rooms, 39 uninhabited houses, 27 houses of 11 to 15 rooms, 8 houses of over 15 rooms, 5 houses under construction, 3 houses built of stone, 1 houses of 1 room. (Source: 1891 Census of Canada, V1T2.)

Agriculture (1891). This community's record includes 181,388 bushels of oats, 178,930 pounds of homemade butter, 92,346 bushels of winter wheat, 84,281 bushels of turnips, 51,175 bushels of barley, 44,835 acres of land in farms, 36,931 acres of improved land in farms, 32,008 bushels of peas, 28,407 acres of farmland under crops, 26,093 bushels of potatoes, 25,392 chickens, 11,438 bushels of spring wheat, 8,871 tons of hay, 7,904 acres of farmland in woodland or forest, 7,555 acres of farmland in pasture, 7,462 pounds of coarse wool produced on farms, 6,089 acres of oats, 5,366 acres of hay crops, 4,993 acres of wheat, 4,253 pounds of fine wool produced on farms, 3,781 other cattle, 3,754 pounds of cheese produced on farms, 3,058 sheep, 2,612 swine, 2,528 swine slaughtered or sold, 2,309 bushels of corn, 2,262 bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed, 2,121 acres of barley, 1,785 milk cows, 1,775 sheep slaughtered or sold, 1,663 cattle killed or sold, 1,460 horses aged over 3 years, 1,094 geese, 1,091 ducks, 871 turkeys, 704 occupants of farms, 702 horses aged 3 years and under, 586 farm occupants who own their land, 332 acres of potatoes, 321 other fowl, 265 acres of turnips, 252 bushels of rye, 252 persons living on farms under 10 acres, 220 persons living on farms between 51 and 100 acres, 161 bushels of buckwheat, 119 persons living on farms between 11 and 50 acres, 117 farm occupants who rent their land, 100 persons living on farms between 101 and 200 acres, 26 bushels of beans, 13 persons living on farms over 200 acres, 1 employees on farms. (Source: 1891 Census of Canada, V2T16; V4T2; V4T3.)

People with Dictionary of Canadian Biography entries

The Dictionary of Canadian Biography includes biographies of 1 person connected to this place who were alive in 1891, listed below by birth year. Each name links to that person's DCB entry.

Identifiers

• TCP UID: ON077002 — year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file
• Persistent place ID: PLACE_ON119005 — computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years
• Wikidata: Q115261716

Sources

Census tabulations from the 1891 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.

Cite this page

Clifford, J. (2026). "Hay, Ontario (1891 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/hay-on077002-1891/.