Rochester, Ontario (1861 census)
Rochester was a census subdivision in Essex County, Ontario, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 1,349. The community is grounded to Wikidata Q115262708. The administrative centroid was at approximately 42.236°N, 82.656°W.
Population
In 1861, Rochester had a population of 1,349: 738 male and 611 female residents. Population density was 23.3 people per square mile.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1851 | 788 |
| 1861 | 1,349 |
| 1871 | 2,152 |
| 1881 | 2,483 |
| 1891 | 2,806 |
| 1901 | 2,625 |
| 1911 | 2,231 |
| 1921 | 2,082 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861
In the 1861 census, Rochester shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1861
The 1861 census recorded 316 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 8 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (25 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Female members of the family who are present | 555 |
| Females present who are not members of the family | 56 |
| Male members of the family who are present | 637 |
| Males present who are not members of the family | 101 |
| Number of adult females unable to read or write | 23 |
| Number of adult males unable to read or write | 62 |
| Number of deaf and dumb females | 1 |
| Number of deaf and dumb males | 1 |
| Number of female births in the past year | 24 |
| Number of females | 611 |
| Number of females attending school | 87 |
| Number of male births in the past year | 15 |
| Number of males | 738 |
| Number of males attending school | 81 |
| Number of married females | 159 |
| Number of married males | 173 |
| Number of single females | 438 |
| Number of single males | 547 |
| Number of widowed females | 14 |
| Number of widowed males | 18 |
| POP FX N.1 | 611 |
| POP MX N.1 | 738 |
| POP TOT | 1,349 |
| POP XX N.1 | 1,349 |
| Total population | 1,349 |
Age structure (51 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of females age 3 to 4 | 33 |
| Number of females aged 1 to 2 | 35 |
| Number of females aged 2 to 3 | 18 |
| Number of females aged 4 to 5 | 27 |
| Number of females aged 5 to 10 | 81 |
| Number of males aged 1 to 2 | 32 |
| Number of males aged 2 to 3 | 27 |
| Number of males aged 3 to 4 | 27 |
| Number of males aged 4 to 5 | 24 |
| Number of males aged 5 to 10 | 102 |
| Number of married females aged 15 to 20 | 9 |
| Number of married females aged 20 to 30 | 75 |
| Number of married females aged 30 to 40 | 32 |
| Number of married females aged 40 to 50 | 22 |
| Number of married females aged 50 to 60 | 15 |
| Number of married females aged 60 to 70 | 6 |
| Number of married males aged 20 to 30 | 48 |
| Number of married males aged 30 to 40 | 62 |
| Number of married males aged 40 to 50 | 32 |
| Number of married males aged 50 to 60 | 16 |
| Number of married males aged 60 to 70 | 12 |
| Number of married males aged 70 to 80 | 3 |
| Number of single females aged 10 to 15 | 62 |
| Number of single females aged 15 to 20 | 63 |
| Number of single females aged 20 to 30 | 38 |
| Number of single females aged 30 to 40 | 29 |
| Number of single females aged 40 to 50 | 8 |
| Number of single females aged 50 to 60 | 16 |
| Number of single females aged 60 to 70 | 3 |
| Number of single females aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Number of single males aged 10 to 15 | 71 |
| Number of single males aged 15 to 20 | 73 |
| Number of single males aged 20 to 30 | 93 |
| Number of single males aged 30 to 40 | 33 |
| Number of single males aged 40 to 50 | 27 |
| Number of single males aged 50 to 60 | 15 |
| Number of single males aged 60 to 70 | 6 |
| Number of single males aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Number of single males aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of widowed females aged 20 to 30 | 2 |
| Number of widowed females aged 40 to 50 | 2 |
| Number of widowed females aged 50 to 60 | 5 |
| Number of widowed females aged 60 to 70 | 3 |
| Number of widowed females aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Number of widowed females aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of widowed males aged 30 to 40 | 1 |
| Number of widowed males aged 40 to 50 | 3 |
| Number of widowed males aged 50 to 60 | 5 |
| Number of widowed males aged 60 to 70 | 7 |
| Number of widowed males aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Number of widowed males aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
Ethnic origin (9 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of French Canadians | 528 |
| Number of persons native to Canada, not of French origin | 506 |
| Number of persons originating in England or Wales | 62 |
| Number of persons originating in France | 3 |
| Number of persons originating in Germany or Holland | 59 |
| Number of persons originating in Ireland | 143 |
| Number of persons originating in Scotland | 6 |
| Number of persons originating in Sweden or Norway | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in the United States | 41 |
Agriculture (76 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of barley | 23 |
| Acres of buckwheat | 77 |
| Acres of corn | 377 |
| Acres of farmland held by townspeople who are not farmers | 46 |
| Acres of farmland in gardens | 62 |
| Acres of farmland in pasture | 1,072 |
| Acres of farmland in woodland or forest | 9,645 |
| Acres of farmland under crops | 2,154 |
| Acres of farmland under cultivation | 3,288 |
| Acres of land in farms | 12,933 |
| Acres of oats | 497 |
| Acres of peas | 225 |
| Acres of potatoes | 140 |
| Acres of rye | 88 |
| Acres of spring wheat | 56 |
| Acres of turnips | 6 |
| Acres of winter wheat | 147 |
| Barrels of beef produced in the past year | 27 |
| Barrels of pork produced in the past year | 287 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 442 |
| Bushels of beans produced in the past year | 1 |
| Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year | 1,130 |
| Bushels of carrots produced in the past year | 1 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 13,991 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 17,208 |
| Bushels of peas produced in the past year | 3,597 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 10,977 |
| Bushels of rye produced in the past year | 1,319 |
| Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year | 558 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 1,330 |
| Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year | 2,064 |
| C18 WHT FALL AC | 147 |
| C19 WHT FALL BU | 2,064 |
| C20 WHT SP AC | 56 |
| C21 WHT SP BU | 558 |
| C22 BAR AC | 23 |
| C23 BAR BU | 442 |
| C24 RYE AC | 88 |
| C25 RYE BU | 1,319 |
| C26 PEA AC | 225 |
| C27 PEA BU | 3,597 |
| C28 OAT AC | 497 |
| C29 OAT BU | 17,208 |
| C30 BWT AC | 77 |
| C31 BWT BU | 1,130 |
| C34 POT AC | 140 |
| C35 POT BU | 10,977 |
| C43 HAY TONS | 801 |
| C47 WOOL LBS | 653 |
| C63 BEEF BAR | 27 |
| C64 PORK BAR | 287 |
| HRS ov03 V | 15,312 |
| Number of bulls, oxen, or steers | 128 |
| Number of calves and heifers | 539 |
| Number of horses aged 3 years and under | 196 |
| Number of horses aged over 3 years | 297 |
| Number of milk cows | 368 |
| Number of occupants of farms | 169 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres | 2 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres | 10 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres | 60 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres | 88 |
| Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres | 1 |
| Number of persons living on farms under 10 acres | 8 |
| Number of sheep | 360 |
| Number of swine | 1,000 |
| Pounds of cheese produced on farms in the past year | 175 |
| Pounds of flax or hemp produced in the past year | 6 |
| Pounds of homemade butter | 9,913 |
| Pounds of maple sugar produced in the past year | 335 |
| Pounds of wool produced on farms in the past year | 653 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 801 |
| Value of all livestock | 31,483 |
| Value of farm implements in dollars | 4,796 |
| Value of farms (dollars) | 127,590 |
| Value of garden and orchard crops produced in the past year | 452 |
Manufacturing & industry (5 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of carriages for pleasure | 16 |
| Value of carriages for pleasure (dollars) | 1,255 |
| Yards of flannel produced in the past year | 325 |
| Yards of fulled cloth produced in the past year | 147 |
| Yards of linen produced in the past year | 20 |
Fisheries (2 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Barrels of salted fish sold in the past year | 3 |
| Quintals of dried fish sold in the past year | 3 |
Deaths & mortality (10 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 60 to 70 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of all ages | 5 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of unknown age | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among females under age 1 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 20 to 30 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 30 to 40 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 50 to 60 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of all ages | 4 |
| Deaths in the past year among males under age 1 | 1 |
| Total number of deaths in the past year | 9 |
Other recorded variables (138 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| C01 TOTAL | 169 |
| C02 OCC UNDR 10 | 8 |
| C03 OCC 10 TO 20 | 2 |
| C04 OCC 20 TO 50 | 60 |
| C05 OCC 50 TO 100 | 88 |
| C06 OCC 100 TO 200 | 10 |
| C07 OCC OVR 200 | 1 |
| C08 HELD | 12,933 |
| C09 UNDR CULT | 3,288 |
| C1 Males | 738 |
| C10 Deaths under 1 year M | 1 |
| C10 UNDR CROP | 2,154 |
| C11 Deaths under 1 year F | 1 |
| C11 UNDR PAST | 1,072 |
| C119 Ages not given Deaths F | 3 |
| C12 GARDENS | 62 |
| C12 Under 2 Years M | 32 |
| C120 Married M | 173 |
| C121 Single M | 547 |
| C122 Widowed M | 18 |
| C123 Total M | 738 |
| C124 Married F | 159 |
| C125 Single F | 438 |
| C126 Widows F | 14 |
| C127 Total F | 611 |
| C128 Grand Total | 1,349 |
| C129 Deaths M | 4 |
| C13 Under 2 Years F | 35 |
| C13 WOOD WILD | 9,645 |
| C130 Deaths F | 5 |
| C131 Deaths Total | 9 |
| C136 Attending School M | 81 |
| C137 Attending School F | 87 |
| C138 Adults unable to read or write M | 62 |
| C139 Adults unable to read or write F | 23 |
| C14 CASH FARM | 127,590 |
| C140 Deaf and Dumb M | 1 |
| C141 Deaf and Dumb F | 1 |
| C15 CASH IMP | 4,796 |
| C16 GARDN VALUE | 452 |
| C16 Under 3 years M | 27 |
| C17 LAND HELD | 46 |
| C17 Under 3 years F | 18 |
| C2 Females | 611 |
| C20 Under 4 years M | 27 |
| C21 Under 4 years F | 33 |
| C24 Under 5 years M | 24 |
| C25 Under 5 years F | 27 |
| C28 Between 5 and 10 Years M | 102 |
| C29 Between 5 and 10 years F | 81 |
| C3 Total | 1,349 |
| C32 INDN CRN AC | 377 |
| C33 Between 10 and 15 years Single M | 71 |
| C33 INDN CRN BU | 13,991 |
| C35 Between 10 and 15 years Single F | 62 |
| C36 TUR AC | 6 |
| C37 TUR BU | 1,330 |
| C38 CAR BU | 1 |
| C39 Between 15 and 20 years Single M | 73 |
| C4 Members of Family M | 637 |
| C40 Between 15 and 20 years Married F | 9 |
| C41 BEN BU | 1 |
| C41 Between 15 and 20 years Single F | 63 |
| C44 Between 20 and 30 years Married M | 48 |
| C45 Between 20 and 30 years Single M | 93 |
| C45 MPL SGR LBS | 335 |
| C47 Between 20 and 30 years Married F | 75 |
| C48 Between 20 and 30 years Single F | 38 |
| C48 FLLD CLOTH YRDS | 147 |
| C49 Between 20 and 30 years Widows F | 2 |
| C49 FLAN YRDS | 325 |
| C5 Members of Family F | 555 |
| C50 Between 20 and 30 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C50 FLX HEM LBS | 6 |
| C51 LIN YRDS | 20 |
| C52 Between 30 and 40 years Married M | 62 |
| C52 BULLS OX STEERS | 128 |
| C53 Between 30 and 40 years Single M | 33 |
| C53 MILK COWS | 368 |
| C54 Between 30 and 40 years Widowers M | 1 |
| C54 CALVES HEIFERS | 539 |
| C55 Between 30 and 40 years Married F | 32 |
| C55 HORSES | 297 |
| C56 Between 30 and 40 years Single F | 29 |
| C56 HORSES VAL | 15,312 |
| C57 COLTS FILLIES | 196 |
| C58 Between 30 and 40 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C58 SHEEP | 360 |
| C59 SWINE | 1,000 |
| C6 Not Members of Family M | 101 |
| C60 Between 40 and 50 years Married M | 32 |
| C60 TOT VALUE | 31,483 |
| C61 Between 40 and 50 years Single M | 27 |
| C61 BUTTER LB | 9,913 |
| C62 Between 40 and 50 years Widowers M | 3 |
| C62 CHEESE LB | 175 |
| C63 Between 40 and 50 years Married F | 22 |
| C64 Between 40 and 50 years Single F | 8 |
| C65 Between 40 and 50 years Widows F | 2 |
| C65 FISH QUIN | 3 |
| C66 FISH SALTED | 3 |
| C68 Between 50 and 60 years Married M | 16 |
| C68 CAR PLEASURE | 16 |
| C69 Between 50 and 60 years Single M | 15 |
| C69 VALUE DOL P | 1,255 |
| C7 Not Members of Family F | 56 |
| C70 Between 50 and 60 years Widowers M | 5 |
| C71 Between 50 and 60 years Married F | 15 |
| C72 Between 50 and 60 years Single F | 16 |
| C73 Between 50 and 60 years Widows F | 5 |
| C74 Between 50 and 60 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C76 Between 60 and 70 years Married M | 12 |
| C77 Between 60 and 70 years Single M | 6 |
| C78 Between 60 and 70 years Widowers M | 7 |
| C79 Between 60 and 70 years Married F | 6 |
| C8 Births in 1860 M | 15 |
| C80 Between 60 and 70 years Single F | 3 |
| C81 Between 60 and 70 years Widows F | 3 |
| C83 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths F | 1 |
| C84 Between 70 and 80 years Married M | 3 |
| C85 Between 70 and 80 years Single M | 1 |
| C86 Between 70 and 80 years Widowers M | 1 |
| C88 Between 70 and 80 years Single F | 1 |
| C89 Between 70 and 80 years Widows F | 1 |
| C9 Births in 1860 F | 24 |
| C93 Between 80 and 90 years Single M | 1 |
| C94 Between 80 and 90 years Widowers M | 1 |
| C97 Between 80 and 90 years Widows F | 1 |
| CD NAME | Essex |
| England and Wales | 62 |
| France | 3 |
| Ireland | 143 |
| Natives of Canada French Origin | 528 |
| Natives of Canada Not of French Origin | 506 |
| Prussia German States and Holland | 59 |
| Scotland | 6 |
| Swedan and Norway | 1 |
| United States | 41 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
ON071011— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_ON110010— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: Q115262708
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Rochester, Ontario (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/rochester-on071011-1861/.