Sandwich W-O, Ontario (1861 census)

Sandwich W-O was a census subdivision in Ontario, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 1,816. The administrative centroid was at approximately 42.236°N, 83.053°W.

Population

In 1861, Sandwich W-O had a population of 1,816: 921 male and 895 female residents.

Population trajectory across census years

Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).

Boundary continuity (non-identical overlaps)

Spatial polygon overlaps with adjacent census years where the boundary shifted enough that the SAME_AS chain didn't merge them. These show where the territory came from and went to even when it isn't tracked as the same persistent place.

Earlier boundary forms

• In an earlier year, this CSD was contained in Sandwich, T-V, 1851 (33.8% share).

Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861

In the 1861 census, Sandwich W-O shared boundaries with:

• Anderdon
• Sandwich E
• Sandwich, T-V
• Winder, Town of

Full census record, 1861

The 1861 census recorded 168 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 7 categories.

Population & families (1861). This community's record includes 1,816 total population, 921 males, Male members of the family who are present: 897, 895 females, Female members of the family who are present: 871, 631 single males, 592 single females, 272 married females, 269 married males, 213 adult males unable to read or write, 173 females attending school, 170 males attending school, 148 adult females unable to read or write, 44 female births, 32 male births, 31 widowed females, Females present who are not members of the family: 24, Males present who are not members of the family: 24, 21 widowed males, 2 lunatic males, 1 blind males, 1 lunatic females. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T5.)

Age structure (1861). This community's record includes 112 single males aged 20 to 30, 111 single males aged 10 to 15, 108 females aged 5 to 10, 105 single females aged 15 to 20, 97 males aged 5 to 10, 95 single females aged 10 to 15, 90 married females aged 20 to 30, 85 married males aged 30 to 40, 84 single males aged 15 to 20, 80 married females aged 30 to 40, 77 single females aged 20 to 30, 69 married males aged 40 to 50, 48 married females aged 40 to 50, 48 married males aged 20 to 30, 42 males aged 2 to 3, 40 males aged 1 to 2, 40 males aged 4 to 5, 39 married males aged 50 to 60, 36 females age 3 to 4, 36 females aged 2 to 3, 34 females aged 1 to 2, 30 married females aged 50 to 60, 28 males aged 3 to 4, 26 females aged 4 to 5, 20 married males aged 60 to 70, 18 single females aged 30 to 40, 16 married females aged 60 to 70, 16 single males aged 30 to 40, 12 single males aged 40 to 50, 9 widowed females aged 60 to 70, 7 married males aged 70 to 80, 7 widowed females aged 50 to 60, 6 males of unknown age, 6 widowed males aged 50 to 60, 5 widowed females aged 40 to 50, 5 widowed females aged 70 to 80, 5 widowed males aged 60 to 70, 4 single males aged 50 to 60, 3 females of unknown age, 3 married females aged 15 to 20, 3 married females aged 70 to 80, 3 single females aged 40 to 50, 3 single females aged 50 to 60, 3 single males aged 70 to 80, 3 widowed females aged 30 to 40, 3 widowed males aged 30 to 40, 3 widowed males aged 40 to 50, 3 widowed males aged 70 to 80, 2 married females aged 80 to 90, 2 single females aged 60 to 70, 2 single females aged 70 to 80, 2 single males aged 60 to 70, 2 single males aged 80 to 90, 1 married males aged 80 to 90, 1 widowed females aged 20 to 30, 1 widowed females aged 80 to 90, 1 widowed males aged 20 to 30. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T5.)

Ethnic origin (1861). This community's record includes 1,425 persons native to Canada, not of French origin, 138 persons originating in the United States, 116 persons originating in England or Wales, 50 negroes or coloured persons, 45 French Canadians, 43 persons originating in Ireland, 27 male negroes or coloured persons, 24 persons originating in Scotland, 23 female negroes or coloured persons, 15 persons originating in France, 2 persons originating in Newfoundland, 1 persons originating in New Brunswick. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T1; V1T5.) The 1861 enumerator also recorded 7 persons originating in Russia or Poland — single-county tallies of limited cross-year comparability.

Agriculture (1861). This community's record includes $257,745 value farms (dollars), $40,085 value all livestock, 30,787 bushels of oats, 29,411 bushels of corn, $25,297 value horses aged over 3 years, 17,370 bushels of potatoes, 14,273 acres of land in farms, 12,513 pounds of homemade butter, $11,553 value farm implements in dollars, 9,233 bushels of winter wheat, 8,956 gallons of cider, 8,131 acres of farmland in woodland or forest, 6,142 acres of farmland under cultivation, $5,264 value garden and orchard crops, 4,936 bushels of buckwheat, 3,768 acres of farmland under crops, 3,643 bushels of peas, 3,470 bushels of spring wheat, 2,284 pounds of wool produced on farms, 2,076 acres of farmland in pasture, 1,876 swine, 1,810 pounds of cheese produced on farms, 1,797 bushels of barley, 1,324 tons of hay, 1,172 bushels of turnips, 1,161 acres of oats, 1,048 sheep, 873 acres of corn, 603 horses aged over 3 years, 588 acres of winter wheat, 559 milk cows, 445 calves and heifers, 345 bushels of rye, 330 bushels of mangel wurtzel, 315 acres of potatoes, 298 acres of farmland in gardens, 269 acres of spring wheat, 262 horses aged 3 years and under, 228 acres of peas, 222 bushels of carrots, 202 bulls, oxen, or steers, 191 occupants of farms, 188 acres of buckwheat, 121 barrels of pork, 95 acres of barley, 63 acres of farmland held by townspeople who are not farmers, 63 persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres, 54 persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres, 39 persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres, 27 bushels of beans, 24 acres of rye, 13 persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres, 12 persons living on farms over 200 acres, 11 acres of turnips, 10 persons living on farms under 10 acres, 8 barrels of beef, 1 acres of mangel wurtzel. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V2T11.)

Manufacturing & industry (1861). This community's record includes $2,443 value carriages for pleasure (dollars), 289 yards of fulled cloth, 137 yards of flannel, 69 carriages for pleasure. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V2T11.)

Fisheries (1861). This community's record includes 788 barrels of salted fish sold. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V2T11.)

Deaths & mortality (1861). This community's record includes 21 total number of deaths, Deaths in the past year among males of all ages: 11, Deaths in the past year among females of all ages: 10, Deaths in the past year among females aged 1 to 2: 4, Deaths in the past year among males under age 1: 4, Deaths in the past year among females under age 1: 3, Deaths in the past year among males aged 30 to 40: 2, Deaths in the past year among males aged 40 to 50: 2, Deaths in the past year among females aged 15 to 20: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 30 to 40: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 40 to 50: 1, Deaths in the past year among males age 3 to 4: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 10 to 15: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 20 to 30: 1. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T5.)

People with Dictionary of Canadian Biography entries

The Dictionary of Canadian Biography includes biographies of 2 people connected to this place who were alive in 1861, listed below by birth year. Each name links to that person's DCB entry.

Identifiers

• TCP UID: ON071009 — year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file
• Persistent place ID: PLACE_ON067005_1911 — computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years
• Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.

Sources

Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.

Cite this page

Clifford, J. (2026). "Sandwich W-O, Ontario (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/sandwich-w-o-on071009-1861/.