York, Ontario (1861 census)
York was a census subdivision in York County, Ontario, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 10,337. The administrative centroid was at approximately 43.726°N, 79.420°W.
Population
In 1861, York had a population of 10,337: 5,250 male and 5,087 female residents. Population density was 89.8 people per square mile.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1851 | 10,035 |
| 1861 | 10,337 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Boundary continuity (non-identical overlaps)
Spatial polygon overlaps with adjacent census years where the boundary shifted enough that the SAME_AS chain didn't merge them. These show where the territory came from and went to even when it isn't tracked as the same persistent place.
Earlier boundary forms
- In an earlier year, this CSD contained Lunatic Asylum, 1851 (0.0% share).
- In an earlier year, this CSD contained Upper Canada College, 1851 (0.1% share).
Later boundary forms
- In a later year, this CSD contained York W-O, 1871 (56.0% of this CSD's polygon).
- In a later year, this CSD contained York E, 1871 (43.5% of this CSD's polygon).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861
In the 1861 census, York shared boundaries with:
- Etobicoke
- Markham
- Religious, Collegiate, and other Public Institutions
- Scarborough
- St. Andrews’ Ward
- St. Davids’ Ward
- St. Georges’ Ward
- Toronto, St. Lawrence Ward—Quartier
- Toronto, St. Patrick’s, Ward—Quartier
- Vaughan
- Yorkville, Village
Full census record, 1861
The 1861 census recorded 416 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 7 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (29 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Female members of the family who are present | 4,711 |
| Females present who are not members of the family | 376 |
| Male members of the family who are present | 4,751 |
| Males present who are not members of the family | 499 |
| Number of adult females unable to read or write | 142 |
| Number of adult males unable to read or write | 149 |
| Number of blind males | 2 |
| Number of deaf and dumb females | 1 |
| Number of deaf and dumb males | 4 |
| Number of female births in the past year | 209 |
| Number of females | 5,087 |
| Number of females attending school | 805 |
| Number of lunatic females | 2 |
| Number of lunatic males | 7 |
| Number of male births in the past year | 213 |
| Number of males | 5,250 |
| Number of males attending school | 932 |
| Number of married females | 1,554 |
| Number of married males | 1,558 |
| Number of persons at sea | 2 |
| Number of single females | 3,354 |
| Number of single males | 3,595 |
| Number of widowed females | 179 |
| Number of widowed males | 97 |
| POP FX N.1 | 5,087 |
| POP MX N.1 | 5,250 |
| POP TOT | 10,337 |
| POP XX N.1 | 10,337 |
| Total population | 10,337 |
Age structure (64 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of females age 3 to 4 | 176 |
| Number of females aged 1 to 2 | 197 |
| Number of females aged 2 to 3 | 176 |
| Number of females aged 4 to 5 | 153 |
| Number of females aged 5 to 10 | 684 |
| Number of females of unknown age | 9 |
| Number of males aged 1 to 2 | 167 |
| Number of males aged 2 to 3 | 185 |
| Number of males aged 3 to 4 | 183 |
| Number of males aged 4 to 5 | 148 |
| Number of males aged 5 to 10 | 729 |
| Number of males of unknown age | 14 |
| Number of married females aged 15 to 20 | 26 |
| Number of married females aged 20 to 30 | 508 |
| Number of married females aged 30 to 40 | 504 |
| Number of married females aged 40 to 50 | 279 |
| Number of married females aged 50 to 60 | 156 |
| Number of married females aged 60 to 70 | 69 |
| Number of married females aged 70 to 80 | 10 |
| Number of married females aged 80 to 90 | 2 |
| Number of married males aged 15 to 20 | 4 |
| Number of married males aged 20 to 30 | 320 |
| Number of married males aged 30 to 40 | 470 |
| Number of married males aged 40 to 50 | 376 |
| Number of married males aged 50 to 60 | 230 |
| Number of married males aged 60 to 70 | 117 |
| Number of married males aged 70 to 80 | 30 |
| Number of married males aged 80 to 90 | 9 |
| Number of married males aged 90 to 100 | 2 |
| Number of single females aged 10 to 15 | 622 |
| Number of single females aged 15 to 20 | 608 |
| Number of single females aged 20 to 30 | 380 |
| Number of single females aged 30 to 40 | 66 |
| Number of single females aged 40 to 50 | 38 |
| Number of single females aged 50 to 60 | 13 |
| Number of single females aged 60 to 70 | 16 |
| Number of single females aged 70 to 80 | 5 |
| Number of single females aged 80 to 90 | 2 |
| Number of single males aged 10 to 15 | 599 |
| Number of single males aged 15 to 20 | 574 |
| Number of single males aged 20 to 30 | 548 |
| Number of single males aged 30 to 40 | 126 |
| Number of single males aged 40 to 50 | 62 |
| Number of single males aged 50 to 60 | 33 |
| Number of single males aged 60 to 70 | 9 |
| Number of single males aged 70 to 80 | 4 |
| Number of single males aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of widowed females aged 20 to 30 | 11 |
| Number of widowed females aged 30 to 40 | 32 |
| Number of widowed females aged 40 to 50 | 39 |
| Number of widowed females aged 50 to 60 | 36 |
| Number of widowed females aged 60 to 70 | 30 |
| Number of widowed females aged 70 to 80 | 22 |
| Number of widowed females aged 80 to 90 | 6 |
| Number of widowed females aged 90 to 100 | 2 |
| Number of widowed females over 100 | 1 |
| Number of widowed males aged 20 to 30 | 5 |
| Number of widowed males aged 30 to 40 | 11 |
| Number of widowed males aged 40 to 50 | 18 |
| Number of widowed males aged 50 to 60 | 19 |
| Number of widowed males aged 60 to 70 | 23 |
| Number of widowed males aged 70 to 80 | 17 |
| Number of widowed males aged 80 to 90 | 3 |
| Number of widowed males aged 90 to 100 | 1 |
Ethnic origin (20 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of female negroes or coloured persons | 88 |
| Number of French Canadians | 6 |
| Number of male negroes or coloured persons | 107 |
| Number of negroes or coloured persons | 195 |
| Number of persons native to Canada, not of French origin | 5,492 |
| Number of persons originating in England or Wales | 1,745 |
| Number of persons originating in France | 11 |
| Number of persons originating in Germany or Holland | 50 |
| Number of persons originating in Guernsey, Jersey, or other British islands | 7 |
| Number of persons originating in Ireland | 2,171 |
| Number of persons originating in Italy or Greece | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in New Brunswick | 25 |
| Number of persons originating in Newfoundland | 10 |
| Number of persons originating in Nova Scotia or Prince Edward Island | 38 |
| Number of persons originating in Scotland | 457 |
| Number of persons originating in Sweden or Norway | 2 |
| Number of persons originating in Switzerland | 7 |
| Number of persons originating in the East Indies | 3 |
| Number of persons originating in the United States | 309 |
| Number of persons originating in the West Indies | 1 |
Agriculture (81 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of barley | 1,276 |
| Acres of buckwheat | 99 |
| Acres of corn | 98 |
| Acres of farmland held by townspeople who are not farmers | 1,521 |
| Acres of farmland in gardens | 1,033 |
| Acres of farmland in pasture | 7,013 |
| Acres of farmland in woodland or forest | 14,388 |
| Acres of farmland under crops | 32,045 |
| Acres of farmland under cultivation | 40,081 |
| Acres of land in farms | 54,469 |
| Acres of mangel wurtzel | 57 |
| Acres of oats | 5,210 |
| Acres of peas | 4,384 |
| Acres of potatoes | 1,045 |
| Acres of rye | 30 |
| Acres of spring wheat | 1,969 |
| Acres of turnips | 190 |
| Acres of winter wheat | 5,923 |
| Barrels of beef produced in the past year | 555 |
| Barrels of pork produced in the past year | 2,031 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 34,137 |
| Bushels of beans produced in the past year | 752 |
| Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year | 1,874 |
| Bushels of carrots produced in the past year | 41,567 |
| Bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed produced in the past year | 8 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 2,892 |
| Bushels of mangel wurtzel produced in the past year | 17,495 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 168,582 |
| Bushels of peas produced in the past year | 96,050 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 132,969 |
| Bushels of rye produced in the past year | 383 |
| Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year | 28,180 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 65,520 |
| Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year | 92,353 |
| C18 WHT FALL AC | 5,923 |
| C19 WHT FALL BU | 92,353 |
| C20 WHT SP AC | 1,969 |
| C21 WHT SP BU | 28,180 |
| C22 BAR AC | 1,276 |
| C23 BAR BU | 34,137 |
| C24 RYE AC | 30 |
| C25 RYE BU | 383 |
| C26 PEA AC | 4,384 |
| C27 PEA BU | 96,050 |
| C28 OAT AC | 5,210 |
| C29 OAT BU | 168,582 |
| C30 BWT AC | 99 |
| C31 BWT BU | 1,874 |
| C34 POT AC | 1,045 |
| C35 POT BU | 132,969 |
| C43 HAY TONS | 4,633 |
| C47 WOOL LBS | 18,006 |
| C63 BEEF BAR | 555 |
| C64 PORK BAR | 2,031 |
| Gallons of cider produced in the past year | 13,690 |
| HRS ov03 V | 143,251 |
| Number of bulls, oxen, or steers | 193 |
| Number of calves and heifers | 1,365 |
| Number of horses aged 3 years and under | 533 |
| Number of horses aged over 3 years | 2,192 |
| Number of milk cows | 2,845 |
| Number of occupants of farms | 570 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres | 30 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres | 152 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres | 120 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres | 204 |
| Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres | 20 |
| Number of persons living on farms under 10 acres | 50 |
| Number of sheep | 5,253 |
| Number of swine | 4,537 |
| Pounds of cheese produced on farms in the past year | 5,396 |
| Pounds of flax or hemp produced in the past year | 1,805 |
| Pounds of homemade butter | 140,209 |
| Pounds of hops produced in the past year | 69 |
| Pounds of maple sugar produced in the past year | 3,271 |
| Pounds of wool produced on farms in the past year | 18,006 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 4,633 |
| Value of all livestock | 304,451 |
| Value of farm implements in dollars | 116,621 |
| Value of farms (dollars) | 4,310,720 |
| Value of garden and orchard crops produced in the past year | 30,929 |
Manufacturing & industry (7 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of carriages for hire | 50 |
| Number of carriages for pleasure | 1,575 |
| Value of carriages for hire (dollars) | 1,706 |
| Value of carriages for pleasure (dollars) | 37,782 |
| Yards of flannel produced in the past year | 2,205 |
| Yards of fulled cloth produced in the past year | 517 |
| Yards of linen produced in the past year | 20 |
Deaths & mortality (27 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 1 to 2 | 5 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 2 to 3 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 20 to 30 | 4 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 3 to 4 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 30 to 40 | 4 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 40 to 50 | 4 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 5 to 10 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 50 to 60 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 70 to 80 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of all ages | 37 |
| Deaths in the past year among females under age 1 | 10 |
| Deaths in the past year among males age 3 to 4 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 1 to 2 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 15 to 20 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 2 to 3 | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 20 to 30 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 30 to 40 | 5 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 40 to 50 | 8 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 5 to 10 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 50 to 60 | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 60 to 70 | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 70 to 80 | 5 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of all ages | 43 |
| Deaths in the past year among males under age 1 | 7 |
| Total number of deaths in the past year | 80 |
Other recorded variables (188 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| At Sea | 2 |
| C01 TOTAL | 576 |
| C02 OCC UNDR 10 | 50 |
| C03 OCC 10 TO 20 | 30 |
| C04 OCC 20 TO 50 | 120 |
| C05 OCC 50 TO 100 | 204 |
| C06 OCC 100 TO 200 | 152 |
| C07 OCC OVR 200 | 20 |
| C08 HELD | 54,469 |
| C09 UNDR CULT | 40,081 |
| C1 Males | 5,250 |
| C10 Deaths under 1 year M | 7 |
| C10 UNDR CROP | 32,045 |
| C100 Between 90 and 100 years Married M | 2 |
| C102 Between 90 and 100 years Widowers M | 1 |
| C105 Between 90 and 100 years Widows F | 2 |
| C11 Deaths under 1 year F | 10 |
| C11 UNDR PAST | 7,013 |
| C113 Over 100 years Widows F | 1 |
| C116 Ages not given M | 14 |
| C117 Ages not given F | 9 |
| C12 GARDENS | 1,023 |
| C12 Under 2 Years M | 167 |
| C120 Married M | 1,558 |
| C121 Single M | 3,595 |
| C122 Widowed M | 97 |
| C123 Total M | 5,250 |
| C124 Married F | 1,554 |
| C125 Single F | 3,354 |
| C126 Widows F | 179 |
| C127 Total F | 5,087 |
| C128 Grand Total | 10,337 |
| C129 Deaths M | 43 |
| C13 Under 2 Years F | 197 |
| C13 WOOD WILD | 14,388 |
| C130 Deaths F | 37 |
| C131 Deaths Total | 80 |
| C134 Negroes M | 107 |
| C135 Negreos F | 88 |
| C136 Attending School M | 932 |
| C137 Attending School F | 805 |
| C138 Adults unable to read or write M | 149 |
| C139 Adults unable to read or write F | 142 |
| C14 CASH FARM | 4,310,720 |
| C14 Deaths under 2 years M | 2 |
| C140 Deaf and Dumb M | 4 |
| C141 Deaf and Dumb F | 1 |
| C142 Blind M | 2 |
| C144 Lunatics M | 7 |
| C145 Lunatics F | 2 |
| C15 CASH IMP | 116,621 |
| C15 Deaths under 2 years F | 5 |
| C16 GARDN VALUE | 30,929 |
| C16 Under 3 years M | 185 |
| C17 LAND HELD | 1,521 |
| C17 Under 3 years F | 176 |
| C18 Deaths under 3 years M | 3 |
| C19 Deaths under 3 years F | 2 |
| C2 Females | 5,087 |
| C20 Under 4 years M | 183 |
| C21 Under 4 years F | 176 |
| C22 Deaths under 4 years M | 1 |
| C23 Deaths under 4 years F | 1 |
| C24 Under 5 years M | 148 |
| C25 Under 5 years F | 153 |
| C28 Between 5 and 10 Years M | 729 |
| C29 Between 5 and 10 years F | 684 |
| C3 Total | 10,337 |
| C30 Deaths between 5 and 10 years M | 2 |
| C31 Deaths between 5 and 10 years F | 2 |
| C32 INDN CRN AC | 98 |
| C33 Between 10 and 15 years Single M | 599 |
| C33 INDN CRN BU | 2,892 |
| C35 Between 10 and 15 years Single F | 622 |
| C36 TUR AC | 190 |
| C37 TUR BU | 65,520 |
| C38 Between 15 and 20 years Married M | 4 |
| C38 CAR BU | 41,567 |
| C39 Between 15 and 20 years Single M | 574 |
| C39 MAN WURT AC | 57 |
| C4 Members of Family M | 4,751 |
| C40 Between 15 and 20 years Married F | 26 |
| C40 MAN WURT BU | 17,495 |
| C41 BEN BU | 752 |
| C41 Between 15 and 20 years Single F | 608 |
| C42 Between 15 and 20 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C42 CLV TIM GRA | 8 |
| C44 Between 20 and 30 years Married M | 320 |
| C44 HOP LBS | 69 |
| C45 Between 20 and 30 years Single M | 548 |
| C45 MPL SGR LBS | 3,271 |
| C46 Between 20 and 30 years Widowers M | 5 |
| C46 CID GAL | 13,690 |
| C47 Between 20 and 30 years Married F | 508 |
| C48 Between 20 and 30 years Single F | 380 |
| C48 FLLD CLOTH YRDS | 517 |
| C49 Between 20 and 30 years Widows F | 11 |
| C49 FLAN YRDS | 2,205 |
| C5 Members of Family F | 4,711 |
| C50 Between 20 and 30 years Deaths M | 2 |
| C50 FLX HEM LBS | 1,805 |
| C51 Between 20 and 30 years Deaths F | 4 |
| C51 LIN YRDS | 20 |
| C52 Between 30 and 40 years Married M | 470 |
| C52 BULLS OX STEERS | 193 |
| C53 Between 30 and 40 years Single M | 126 |
| C53 MILK COWS | 2,845 |
| C54 Between 30 and 40 years Widowers M | 11 |
| C54 CALVES HEIFERS | 1,365 |
| C55 Between 30 and 40 years Married F | 504 |
| C55 HORSES | 2,192 |
| C56 Between 30 and 40 years Single F | 66 |
| C56 HORSES VAL | 143,251 |
| C57 Between 30 and 40 years Widows F | 32 |
| C57 COLTS FILLIES | 533 |
| C58 Between 30 and 40 years Deaths M | 5 |
| C58 SHEEP | 5,253 |
| C59 Between 30 and 40 years Deaths F | 4 |
| C59 SWINE | 4,537 |
| C6 Not Members of Family M | 499 |
| C60 Between 40 and 50 years Married M | 376 |
| C60 TOT VALUE | 304,451 |
| C61 Between 40 and 50 years Single M | 62 |
| C61 BUTTER LB | 140,209 |
| C62 Between 40 and 50 years Widowers M | 18 |
| C62 CHEESE LB | 5,396 |
| C63 Between 40 and 50 years Married F | 279 |
| C64 Between 40 and 50 years Single F | 38 |
| C65 Between 40 and 50 years Widows F | 39 |
| C66 Between 40 and 50 years Deaths M | 8 |
| C67 Between 40 and 50 years Deaths F | 4 |
| C68 Between 50 and 60 years Married M | 230 |
| C68 CAR PLEASURE | 1,575 |
| C69 Between 50 and 60 years Single M | 33 |
| C69 VALUE DOL P | 37,782 |
| C7 Not Members of Family F | 376 |
| C70 Between 50 and 60 years Widowers M | 19 |
| C70 CAR HIRE | 50 |
| C71 Between 50 and 60 years Married F | 156 |
| C71 VALUE DOL H | 1,706 |
| C72 Between 50 and 60 years Single F | 13 |
| C73 Between 50 and 60 years Widows F | 36 |
| C74 Between 50 and 60 years Deaths M | 3 |
| C75 Between 50 and 60 years Deaths F | 2 |
| C76 Between 60 and 70 years Married M | 117 |
| C77 Between 60 and 70 years Single M | 9 |
| C78 Between 60 and 70 years Widowers M | 23 |
| C79 Between 60 and 70 years Married F | 69 |
| C8 Births in 1860 M | 213 |
| C80 Between 60 and 70 years Single F | 16 |
| C81 Between 60 and 70 years Widows F | 30 |
| C82 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths M | 3 |
| C84 Between 70 and 80 years Married M | 30 |
| C85 Between 70 and 80 years Single M | 4 |
| C86 Between 70 and 80 years Widowers M | 17 |
| C87 Between 70 and 80 years Married F | 10 |
| C88 Between 70 and 80 years Single F | 5 |
| C89 Between 70 and 80 years Widows F | 22 |
| C9 Births in 1860 F | 209 |
| C90 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths M | 5 |
| C91 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths F | 2 |
| C92 Between 80 and 90 years Married M | 9 |
| C93 Between 80 and 90 years Single M | 1 |
| C94 Between 80 and 90 years Widowers M | 3 |
| C95 Between 80 and 90 years Married F | 2 |
| C96 Between 80 and 90 years Single F | 2 |
| C97 Between 80 and 90 years Widows F | 6 |
| C98 Between 80 and 90 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C99 Between 80 and 90 years Deaths F | 1 |
| CD NAME | York |
| Colored Persons | 195 |
| East Indies | 3 |
| England and Wales | 1,745 |
| France | 11 |
| Guernsey Jersey and other British Islands | 7 |
| Ireland | 2,171 |
| Italy and Greece | 1 |
| Natives of Canada French Origin | 6 |
| Natives of Canada Not of French Origin | 5,492 |
| New Brunswick | 25 |
| Newfoundland | 10 |
| Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island | 38 |
| Prussia German States and Holland | 50 |
| Scotland | 457 |
| Swedan and Norway | 2 |
| Switzerland | 7 |
| United States | 309 |
| West Indies | 1 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
ON105011— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_ON105011— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "York, Ontario (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/york-on105011-1861/.