Halifax N., Quebec (1861 census)

Name: Halifax N. (1861)
Address: Quebec, CA

Halifax N. was a census subdivision in Megantic County, Quebec, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 2,470. The administrative centroid was at approximately 46.159°N, 71.699°W.

Population

In 1861, Halifax N. had a population of 2,470: 1,262 male and 1,208 female residents. Population density was 53.7 people per square mile.

Population trajectory across census years

Year	Population
1861	2,470
1871	2,245
1881	1,895
1891	1,513
1901	1,312
1911	1,141
1921	1,160

Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).

Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861

In the 1861 census, Halifax N. shared boundaries with:

Full census record, 1861

The 1861 census recorded 336 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 7 categories. Tables below are collapsible.

Population & families (28 variables)

Variable	Value
Female members of the family who are present	1,148
Females present who are not members of the family	60
Male members of the family who are present	1,190
Males present who are not members of the family	72
Number of adult females unable to read or write	143
Number of adult males unable to read or write	231
Number of blind females	2
Number of deaf and dumb females	1
Number of deaf and dumb males	2
Number of female births in the past year	35
Number of females	1,208
Number of females attending school	192
Number of lunatic females	5
Number of lunatic males	4
Number of male births in the past year	40
Number of males	1,262
Number of males attending school	195
Number of married females	373
Number of married males	378
Number of single females	804
Number of single males	868
Number of widowed females	31
Number of widowed males	16
POP FX N.1	1,208
POP MX N.1	1,262
POP TOT	2,470
POP XX N.1	2,470
Total population	2,470

Age structure (54 variables)

Variable	Value
Number of females age 3 to 4	52
Number of females aged 1 to 2	46
Number of females aged 2 to 3	37
Number of females aged 4 to 5	45
Number of females aged 5 to 10	209
Number of males aged 1 to 2	45
Number of males aged 2 to 3	40
Number of males aged 3 to 4	45
Number of males aged 4 to 5	46
Number of males aged 5 to 10	226
Number of males of unknown age	1
Number of married females aged 15 to 20	8
Number of married females aged 20 to 30	109
Number of married females aged 30 to 40	126
Number of married females aged 40 to 50	75
Number of married females aged 50 to 60	39
Number of married females aged 60 to 70	9
Number of married females aged 70 to 80	7
Number of married females aged 80 to 90	1
Number of married males aged 15 to 20	1
Number of married males aged 20 to 30	92
Number of married males aged 30 to 40	124
Number of married males aged 40 to 50	76
Number of married males aged 50 to 60	48
Number of married males aged 60 to 70	23
Number of married males aged 70 to 80	12
Number of married males aged 80 to 90	1
Number of married males aged 90 to 100	1
Number of single females aged 10 to 15	158
Number of single females aged 15 to 20	149
Number of single females aged 20 to 30	65
Number of single females aged 30 to 40	7
Number of single females aged 50 to 60	1
Number of single males aged 10 to 15	190
Number of single males aged 15 to 20	124
Number of single males aged 20 to 30	88
Number of single males aged 30 to 40	9
Number of single males aged 40 to 50	8
Number of single males aged 50 to 60	3
Number of single males aged 60 to 70	2
Number of single males aged 70 to 80	1
Number of widowed females aged 20 to 30	1
Number of widowed females aged 30 to 40	3
Number of widowed females aged 40 to 50	3
Number of widowed females aged 50 to 60	5
Number of widowed females aged 60 to 70	9
Number of widowed females aged 70 to 80	8
Number of widowed females aged 80 to 90	2
Number of widowed males aged 30 to 40	2
Number of widowed males aged 40 to 50	2
Number of widowed males aged 50 to 60	3
Number of widowed males aged 60 to 70	5
Number of widowed males aged 70 to 80	2
Number of widowed males aged 90 to 100	2

Ethnic origin (7 variables)

Variable	Value
Number of French Canadians	2,361
Number of persons native to Canada, not of French origin	64
Number of persons originating in England or Wales	3
Number of persons originating in France	3
Number of persons originating in Ireland	15
Number of persons originating in Italy or Greece	1
Number of persons originating in Scotland	23

Agriculture (77 variables)

Variable	Value
Acres of barley	400
Acres of buckwheat	378
Acres of corn	2
Acres of farmland held by townspeople who are not farmers	91
Acres of farmland in gardens	20
Acres of farmland in pasture	3,639
Acres of farmland in woodland or forest	12,206
Acres of farmland under crops	6,140
Acres of farmland under cultivation	9,799
Acres of land in farms	22,005
Acres of oats	1,206
Acres of peas	212
Acres of potatoes	403
Acres of rye	648
Acres of spring wheat	436
Acres of turnips	27
Acres of winter wheat	46
Barrels of beef produced in the past year	68
Barrels of pork produced in the past year	586
Bushels of barley produced in the past year	6,216
Bushels of beans produced in the past year	4
Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year	6,396
Bushels of carrots produced in the past year	64
Bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed produced in the past year	109
Bushels of corn produced in the past year	20
Bushels of oats produced in the past year	27,677
Bushels of peas produced in the past year	1,964
Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year	38,317
Bushels of rye produced in the past year	9,220
Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year	5,783
Bushels of turnips produced in the past year	2,645
Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year	237
C18 WHT FALL AC	46
C19 WHT FALL BU	237
C20 WHT SP AC	436
C21 WHT SP BU	5,783
C22 BAR AC	400
C23 BAR BU	6,216
C24 RYE AC	648
C25 RYE BU	9,220
C26 PEA AC	212
C27 PEA BU	1,964
C28 OAT AC	1,206
C29 OAT BU	27,677
C30 BWT AC	378
C31 BWT BU	6,396
C34 POT AC	403
C35 POT BU	38,317
C43 HAY TONS	1,247
C47 WOOL LBS	4,116
C63 BEEF BAR	68
C64 PORK BAR	586
HRS ov03 V	18,177
Number of bulls, oxen, or steers	287
Number of calves and heifers	691
Number of horses aged 3 years and under	96
Number of horses aged over 3 years	294
Number of milk cows	579
Number of occupants of farms	338
Number of persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres	4
Number of persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres	25
Number of persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres	183
Number of persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres	117
Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres	2
Number of persons living on farms under 10 acres	7
Number of sheep	1,723
Number of swine	882
Pounds of cheese produced on farms in the past year	72
Pounds of flax or hemp produced in the past year	3,872
Pounds of homemade butter	24,393
Pounds of maple sugar produced in the past year	48,167
Pounds of wool produced on farms in the past year	4,116
Tons of hay produced in the past year	1,247
Value of all livestock	56,369
Value of farm implements in dollars	14,512
Value of farms (dollars)	218,862
Value of garden and orchard crops produced in the past year	819

Manufacturing & industry (5 variables)

Variable	Value
Number of carriages for pleasure	280
Value of carriages for pleasure (dollars)	4,687
Yards of flannel produced in the past year	3,422
Yards of fulled cloth produced in the past year	2,164
Yards of linen produced in the past year	3,844

Deaths & mortality (17 variables)

Variable	Value
Deaths in the past year among females aged 1 to 2	2
Deaths in the past year among females aged 10 to 15	1
Deaths in the past year among females aged 5 to 10	1
Deaths in the past year among females aged 60 to 70	1
Deaths in the past year among females of all ages	14
Deaths in the past year among females under age 1	9
Deaths in the past year among males aged 1 to 2	2
Deaths in the past year among males aged 2 to 3	2
Deaths in the past year among males aged 40 to 50	1
Deaths in the past year among males aged 5 to 10	2
Deaths in the past year among males aged 50 to 60	2
Deaths in the past year among males aged 60 to 70	1
Deaths in the past year among males aged 70 to 80	1
Deaths in the past year among males aged 80 to 90	2
Deaths in the past year among males of all ages	20
Deaths in the past year among males under age 1	7
Total number of deaths in the past year	34

Other recorded variables (148 variables)

Variable	Value
C01 TOTAL	338
C02 OCC UNDR 10	7
C03 OCC 10 TO 20	4
C04 OCC 20 TO 50	183
C05 OCC 50 TO 100	117
C06 OCC 100 TO 200	25
C07 OCC OVR 200	2
C08 HELD	22,005
C09 UNDR CULT	9,799
C1 Males	1,262
C10 Deaths under 1 year M	7
C10 UNDR CROP	6,140
C100 Between 90 and 100 years Married M	1
C102 Between 90 and 100 years Widowers M	2
C11 Deaths under 1 year F	9
C11 UNDR PAST	3,639
C116 Ages not given M	1
C12 GARDENS	20
C12 Under 2 Years M	45
C120 Married M	378
C121 Single M	868
C122 Widowed M	16
C123 Total M	1,262
C124 Married F	373
C125 Single F	804
C126 Widows F	31
C127 Total F	1,208
C128 Grand Total	2,470
C129 Deaths M	20
C13 Under 2 Years F	46
C13 WOOD WILD	12,206
C130 Deaths F	14
C131 Deaths Total	34
C136 Attending School M	195
C137 Attending School F	192
C138 Adults unable to read or write M	231
C139 Adults unable to read or write F	143
C14 CASH FARM	218,862
C14 Deaths under 2 years M	2
C140 Deaf and Dumb M	2
C141 Deaf and Dumb F	1
C143 Blind F	2
C144 Lunatics M	4
C145 Lunatics F	5
C15 CASH IMP	14,512
C15 Deaths under 2 years F	2
C16 GARDN VALUE	819
C16 Under 3 years M	40
C17 LAND HELD	91
C17 Under 3 years F	37
C18 Deaths under 3 years M	2
C2 Females	1,208
C20 Under 4 years M	45
C21 Under 4 years F	52
C24 Under 5 years M	46
C25 Under 5 years F	45
C28 Between 5 and 10 Years M	226
C29 Between 5 and 10 years F	209
C3 Total	2,470
C30 Deaths between 5 and 10 years M	2
C31 Deaths between 5 and 10 years F	1
C32 INDN CRN AC	2
C33 Between 10 and 15 years Single M	190
C33 INDN CRN BU	20
C35 Between 10 and 15 years Single F	158
C36 TUR AC	27
C37 Between 10 and 15 years Deaths F	1
C37 TUR BU	2,645
C38 Between 15 and 20 years Married M	1
C38 CAR BU	64
C39 Between 15 and 20 years Single M	124
C4 Members of Family M	1,190
C40 Between 15 and 20 years Married F	8
C41 BEN BU	4
C41 Between 15 and 20 years Single F	149
C42 CLV TIM GRA	109
C44 Between 20 and 30 years Married M	92
C45 Between 20 and 30 years Single M	88
C45 MPL SGR LBS	48,167
C47 Between 20 and 30 years Married F	109
C48 Between 20 and 30 years Single F	65
C48 FLLD CLOTH YRDS	2,164
C49 Between 20 and 30 years Widows F	1
C49 FLAN YRDS	3,422
C5 Members of Family F	1,148
C50 FLX HEM LBS	3,872
C51 LIN YRDS	3,844
C52 Between 30 and 40 years Married M	124
C52 BULLS OX STEERS	287
C53 Between 30 and 40 years Single M	9
C53 MILK COWS	579
C54 Between 30 and 40 years Widowers M	2
C54 CALVES HEIFERS	691
C55 Between 30 and 40 years Married F	126
C55 HORSES	294
C56 Between 30 and 40 years Single F	7
C56 HORSES VAL	18,177
C57 Between 30 and 40 years Widows F	3
C57 COLTS FILLIES	96
C58 SHEEP	1,723
C59 SWINE	882
C6 Not Members of Family M	72
C60 Between 40 and 50 years Married M	76
C60 TOT VALUE	56,369
C61 Between 40 and 50 years Single M	8
C61 BUTTER LB	24,393
C62 Between 40 and 50 years Widowers M	2
C62 CHEESE LB	72
C63 Between 40 and 50 years Married F	75
C65 Between 40 and 50 years Widows F	3
C66 Between 40 and 50 years Deaths M	1
C68 Between 50 and 60 years Married M	48
C68 CAR PLEASURE	280
C69 Between 50 and 60 years Single M	3
C69 VALUE DOL P	4,687
C7 Not Members of Family F	60
C70 Between 50 and 60 years Widowers M	3
C71 Between 50 and 60 years Married F	39
C72 Between 50 and 60 years Single F	1
C73 Between 50 and 60 years Widows F	5
C74 Between 50 and 60 years Deaths M	2
C76 Between 60 and 70 years Married M	23
C77 Between 60 and 70 years Single M	2
C78 Between 60 and 70 years Widowers M	5
C79 Between 60 and 70 years Married F	9
C8 Births in 1860 M	40
C81 Between 60 and 70 years Widows F	9
C82 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths M	1
C83 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths F	1
C84 Between 70 and 80 years Married M	12
C85 Between 70 and 80 years Single M	1
C86 Between 70 and 80 years Widowers M	2
C87 Between 70 and 80 years Married F	7
C89 Between 70 and 80 years Widows F	8
C9 Births in 1860 F	35
C90 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths M	1
C92 Between 80 and 90 years Married M	1
C95 Between 80 and 90 years Married F	1
C97 Between 80 and 90 years Widows F	2
C98 Between 80 and 90 years Deaths M	2
CD NAME	Megantic
England and Wales	3
France	3
Ireland	15
Italy and Greece	1
Natives of Canada French Origin	2,361
Natives of Canada Not of French Origin	64
Scotland	23

Identifiers

TCP UID: QC032002 — year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file
Persistent place ID: PLACE_QC071001_1861 — computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years
Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.

Sources

Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.

Cite this page

Clifford, J. (2026). "Halifax N., Quebec (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/qc/halifax-n-qc032002-1861/.