Litchfield, Quebec (1861 census)
Litchfield was a census subdivision in Pontiac County, Quebec, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 1,044. The administrative centroid was at approximately 45.798°N, 76.592°W.
Population
In 1861, Litchfield had a population of 1,044. Population density was 13.3 people per square mile.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1851 | 756 |
| 1861 | 1,044 |
| 1871 | 1,243 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Boundary continuity (non-identical overlaps)
Spatial polygon overlaps with adjacent census years where the boundary shifted enough that the SAME_AS chain didn't merge them. These show where the territory came from and went to even when it isn't tracked as the same persistent place.
Earlier boundary forms
- In an earlier year, this CSD was contained in Litchfield, 1851 (90.6% share).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861
In the 1861 census, Litchfield shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1861
The 1861 census recorded 328 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 7 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (25 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Female members of the family who are present | 1,341 |
| Females present who are not members of the family | 99 |
| Male members of the family who are present | 1,465 |
| Males present who are not members of the family | 286 |
| Number of adult females unable to read or write | 167 |
| Number of adult males unable to read or write | 249 |
| Number of deaf and dumb females | 3 |
| Number of deaf and dumb males | 1 |
| Number of female births in the past year | 63 |
| Number of females | 1,440 |
| Number of females attending school | 63 |
| Number of male births in the past year | 75 |
| Number of males | 1,751 |
| Number of males attending school | 69 |
| Number of married females | 363 |
| Number of married males | 427 |
| Number of single females | 1,035 |
| Number of single males | 1,295 |
| Number of widowed females | 42 |
| Number of widowed males | 29 |
| POP FX N.1 | 1,440 |
| POP MX N.1 | 1,751 |
| POP TOT | 1,044 |
| POP XX N.1 | 3,191 |
| Total population | 1,044 |
Age structure (58 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of females age 3 to 4 | 49 |
| Number of females aged 1 to 2 | 70 |
| Number of females aged 2 to 3 | 57 |
| Number of females aged 4 to 5 | 58 |
| Number of females aged 5 to 10 | 236 |
| Number of males aged 1 to 2 | 70 |
| Number of males aged 2 to 3 | 52 |
| Number of males aged 3 to 4 | 48 |
| Number of males aged 4 to 5 | 58 |
| Number of males aged 5 to 10 | 248 |
| Number of married females aged 15 to 20 | 13 |
| Number of married females aged 20 to 30 | 133 |
| Number of married females aged 30 to 40 | 112 |
| Number of married females aged 40 to 50 | 59 |
| Number of married females aged 50 to 60 | 36 |
| Number of married females aged 60 to 70 | 6 |
| Number of married females aged 70 to 80 | 4 |
| Number of married males aged 10 to 15 | 1 |
| Number of married males aged 15 to 20 | 4 |
| Number of married males aged 20 to 30 | 101 |
| Number of married males aged 30 to 40 | 130 |
| Number of married males aged 40 to 50 | 104 |
| Number of married males aged 50 to 60 | 56 |
| Number of married males aged 60 to 70 | 22 |
| Number of married males aged 70 to 80 | 6 |
| Number of married males aged 80 to 90 | 2 |
| Number of married males aged 90 to 100 | 1 |
| Number of single females aged 10 to 15 | 200 |
| Number of single females aged 15 to 20 | 170 |
| Number of single females aged 20 to 30 | 92 |
| Number of single females aged 30 to 40 | 17 |
| Number of single females aged 40 to 50 | 13 |
| Number of single females aged 50 to 60 | 4 |
| Number of single females aged 60 to 70 | 5 |
| Number of single females aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of single males aged 10 to 15 | 179 |
| Number of single males aged 15 to 20 | 210 |
| Number of single males aged 20 to 30 | 267 |
| Number of single males aged 30 to 40 | 50 |
| Number of single males aged 40 to 50 | 20 |
| Number of single males aged 50 to 60 | 10 |
| Number of single males aged 60 to 70 | 5 |
| Number of single males aged 70 to 80 | 2 |
| Number of single males aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of widowed females aged 20 to 30 | 6 |
| Number of widowed females aged 30 to 40 | 7 |
| Number of widowed females aged 40 to 50 | 8 |
| Number of widowed females aged 50 to 60 | 7 |
| Number of widowed females aged 60 to 70 | 10 |
| Number of widowed females aged 70 to 80 | 3 |
| Number of widowed females aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of widowed males aged 20 to 30 | 2 |
| Number of widowed males aged 30 to 40 | 2 |
| Number of widowed males aged 40 to 50 | 3 |
| Number of widowed males aged 50 to 60 | 9 |
| Number of widowed males aged 60 to 70 | 7 |
| Number of widowed males aged 70 to 80 | 3 |
| Number of widowed males aged 80 to 90 | 3 |
Ethnic origin (12 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of French Canadians | 115 |
| Number of Indigenous females | 5 |
| Number of Indigenous males | 6 |
| Number of male negroes or coloured persons | 1 |
| Number of persons native to Canada, not of French origin | 609 |
| Number of persons originating in England or Wales | 7 |
| Number of persons originating in Guernsey, Jersey, or other British islands | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in Ireland | 234 |
| Number of persons originating in New Brunswick | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in Nova Scotia or Prince Edward Island | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in Scotland | 60 |
| Number of persons originating in the United States | 16 |
Agriculture (72 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of barley | 47 |
| Acres of buckwheat | 2 |
| Acres of corn | 8 |
| Acres of farmland in gardens | 16 |
| Acres of farmland in pasture | 1,155 |
| Acres of farmland in woodland or forest | 16,237 |
| Acres of farmland under crops | 3,231 |
| Acres of farmland under cultivation | 4,402 |
| Acres of land in farms | 20,639 |
| Acres of oats | 934 |
| Acres of peas | 368 |
| Acres of potatoes | 198 |
| Acres of rye | 3 |
| Acres of spring wheat | 792 |
| Acres of turnips | 4 |
| Acres of winter wheat | 105 |
| Barrels of beef produced in the past year | 201 |
| Barrels of pork produced in the past year | 400 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 1,224 |
| Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year | 80 |
| Bushels of carrots produced in the past year | 10 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 225 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 29,215 |
| Bushels of peas produced in the past year | 7,593 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 37,006 |
| Bushels of rye produced in the past year | 46 |
| Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year | 14,491 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 2,400 |
| Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year | 2,460 |
| C18 WHT FALL AC | 105 |
| C19 WHT FALL BU | 2,460 |
| C20 WHT SP AC | 792 |
| C21 WHT SP BU | 14,491 |
| C22 BAR AC | 47 |
| C23 BAR BU | 1,224 |
| C24 RYE AC | 3 |
| C25 RYE BU | 46 |
| C26 PEA AC | 368 |
| C27 PEA BU | 7,593 |
| C28 OAT AC | 934 |
| C29 OAT BU | 29,215 |
| C30 BWT AC | 2 |
| C31 BWT BU | 80 |
| C34 POT AC | 198 |
| C35 POT BU | 37,006 |
| C43 HAY TONS | 902 |
| C47 WOOL LBS | 2,174 |
| C63 BEEF BAR | 201 |
| C64 PORK BAR | 400 |
| HRS ov03 V | 30,776 |
| Number of bulls, oxen, or steers | 110 |
| Number of calves and heifers | 427 |
| Number of horses aged 3 years and under | 74 |
| Number of horses aged over 3 years | 221 |
| Number of milk cows | 429 |
| Number of occupants of farms | 144 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres | 1 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres | 37 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres | 1 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres | 91 |
| Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres | 12 |
| Number of persons living on farms under 10 acres | 2 |
| Number of sheep | 611 |
| Number of swine | 641 |
| Pounds of cheese produced on farms in the past year | 975 |
| Pounds of homemade butter | 30,375 |
| Pounds of maple sugar produced in the past year | 1,840 |
| Pounds of wool produced on farms in the past year | 2,174 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 902 |
| Value of all livestock | 46,534 |
| Value of farm implements in dollars | 9,766 |
| Value of farms (dollars) | 172,320 |
Manufacturing & industry (2 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Yards of flannel produced in the past year | 1,781 |
| Yards of fulled cloth produced in the past year | 436 |
Deaths & mortality (14 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 1 to 2 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 2 to 3 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 3 to 4 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 5 to 10 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of all ages | 13 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of unknown age | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females under age 1 | 4 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 1 to 2 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 40 to 50 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of all ages | 14 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of unknown age | 7 |
| Deaths in the past year among males under age 1 | 3 |
| Total number of deaths in the past year | 27 |
Other recorded variables (145 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| BRACES | 22 |
| C01 TOTAL | 144 |
| C02 OCC UNDR 10 | 2 |
| C03 OCC 10 TO 20 | 1 |
| C04 OCC 20 TO 50 | 1 |
| C05 OCC 50 TO 100 | 91 |
| C06 OCC 100 TO 200 | 37 |
| C07 OCC OVR 200 | 12 |
| C08 HELD | 20,639 |
| C09 UNDR CULT | 4,402 |
| C1 Males | 1,751 |
| C10 Deaths under 1 year M | 3 |
| C10 UNDR CROP | 3,231 |
| C100 Between 90 and 100 years Married M | 1 |
| C11 Deaths under 1 year F | 4 |
| C11 UNDR PAST | 1,155 |
| C118 Ages not given Deaths M | 7 |
| C119 Ages not given Deaths F | 2 |
| C12 GARDENS | 16 |
| C12 Under 2 Years M | 70 |
| C120 Married M | 427 |
| C121 Single M | 1,295 |
| C122 Widowed M | 29 |
| C123 Total M | 1,751 |
| C124 Married F | 363 |
| C125 Single F | 1,035 |
| C126 Widows F | 42 |
| C127 Total F | 1,440 |
| C128 Grand Total | 3,191 |
| C129 Deaths M | 14 |
| C13 Under 2 Years F | 70 |
| C13 WOOD WILD | 16,237 |
| C130 Deaths F | 13 |
| C131 Deaths Total | 27 |
| C132 Indians M | 6 |
| C133 Indians F | 5 |
| C134 Negroes M | 1 |
| C136 Attending School M | 69 |
| C137 Attending School F | 63 |
| C138 Adults unable to read or write M | 249 |
| C139 Adults unable to read or write F | 167 |
| C14 CASH FARM | 172,320 |
| C14 Deaths under 2 years M | 2 |
| C140 Deaf and Dumb M | 1 |
| C141 Deaf and Dumb F | 3 |
| C15 CASH IMP | 9,766 |
| C15 Deaths under 2 years F | 2 |
| C16 Under 3 years M | 52 |
| C17 Under 3 years F | 57 |
| C19 Deaths under 3 years F | 1 |
| C2 Females | 1,440 |
| C20 Under 4 years M | 48 |
| C21 Under 4 years F | 49 |
| C23 Deaths under 4 years F | 2 |
| C24 Under 5 years M | 58 |
| C25 Under 5 years F | 58 |
| C28 Between 5 and 10 Years M | 248 |
| C29 Between 5 and 10 years F | 236 |
| C3 Total | 3,191 |
| C31 Deaths between 5 and 10 years F | 2 |
| C32 Between 10 and 15 years Married M | 1 |
| C32 INDN CRN AC | 8 |
| C33 Between 10 and 15 years Single M | 179 |
| C33 INDN CRN BU | 225 |
| C35 Between 10 and 15 years Single F | 200 |
| C36 TUR AC | 4 |
| C37 TUR BU | 2,400 |
| C38 Between 15 and 20 years Married M | 4 |
| C38 CAR BU | 10 |
| C39 Between 15 and 20 years Single M | 210 |
| C4 Members of Family M | 1,465 |
| C40 Between 15 and 20 years Married F | 13 |
| C41 Between 15 and 20 years Single F | 170 |
| C44 Between 20 and 30 years Married M | 101 |
| C45 Between 20 and 30 years Single M | 267 |
| C45 MPL SGR LBS | 1,840 |
| C46 Between 20 and 30 years Widowers M | 2 |
| C47 Between 20 and 30 years Married F | 133 |
| C48 Between 20 and 30 years Single F | 92 |
| C48 FLLD CLOTH YRDS | 436 |
| C49 Between 20 and 30 years Widows F | 6 |
| C49 FLAN YRDS | 1,781 |
| C5 Members of Family F | 1,341 |
| C52 Between 30 and 40 years Married M | 130 |
| C52 BULLS OX STEERS | 110 |
| C53 Between 30 and 40 years Single M | 50 |
| C53 MILK COWS | 429 |
| C54 Between 30 and 40 years Widowers M | 2 |
| C54 CALVES HEIFERS | 427 |
| C55 Between 30 and 40 years Married F | 112 |
| C55 HORSES | 221 |
| C56 Between 30 and 40 years Single F | 17 |
| C56 HORSES VAL | 30,776 |
| C57 Between 30 and 40 years Widows F | 7 |
| C57 COLTS FILLIES | 74 |
| C58 SHEEP | 611 |
| C59 SWINE | 641 |
| C6 Not Members of Family M | 286 |
| C60 Between 40 and 50 years Married M | 104 |
| C60 TOT VALUE | 46,534 |
| C61 Between 40 and 50 years Single M | 20 |
| C61 BUTTER LB | 30,375 |
| C62 Between 40 and 50 years Widowers M | 3 |
| C62 CHEESE LB | 975 |
| C63 Between 40 and 50 years Married F | 59 |
| C64 Between 40 and 50 years Single F | 13 |
| C65 Between 40 and 50 years Widows F | 8 |
| C66 Between 40 and 50 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C68 Between 50 and 60 years Married M | 56 |
| C69 Between 50 and 60 years Single M | 10 |
| C7 Not Members of Family F | 99 |
| C70 Between 50 and 60 years Widowers M | 9 |
| C71 Between 50 and 60 years Married F | 36 |
| C72 Between 50 and 60 years Single F | 4 |
| C73 Between 50 and 60 years Widows F | 7 |
| C76 Between 60 and 70 years Married M | 22 |
| C77 Between 60 and 70 years Single M | 5 |
| C78 Between 60 and 70 years Widowers M | 7 |
| C79 Between 60 and 70 years Married F | 6 |
| C8 Births in 1860 M | 75 |
| C80 Between 60 and 70 years Single F | 5 |
| C81 Between 60 and 70 years Widows F | 10 |
| C84 Between 70 and 80 years Married M | 6 |
| C85 Between 70 and 80 years Single M | 2 |
| C86 Between 70 and 80 years Widowers M | 3 |
| C87 Between 70 and 80 years Married F | 4 |
| C89 Between 70 and 80 years Widows F | 3 |
| C9 Births in 1860 F | 63 |
| C92 Between 80 and 90 years Married M | 2 |
| C93 Between 80 and 90 years Single M | 1 |
| C94 Between 80 and 90 years Widowers M | 3 |
| C96 Between 80 and 90 years Single F | 1 |
| C97 Between 80 and 90 years Widows F | 1 |
| C98 Between 80 and 90 years Deaths M | 1 |
| CD NAME | Pontiac |
| East Indies | 1 |
| England and Wales | 7 |
| Indians | 11 |
| Ireland | 234 |
| Natives of Canada French Origin | 115 |
| Natives of Canada Not of French Origin | 609 |
| New Brunswick | 1 |
| Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island | 1 |
| Scotland | 60 |
| United States | 16 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
QC040009— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_QC091006— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Litchfield, Quebec (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/qc/litchfield-qc040009-1861/.