Low, Quebec (1861 census)
Low was a census subdivision in Outaouais County, Quebec, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 822. The administrative centroid was at approximately 45.831°N, 76.037°W.
Population
In 1861, Low had a population of 822. Population density was 7.4 people per square mile.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1851 | 272 |
| 1861 | 822 |
| 1871 | 965 |
| 1881 | 1,230 |
| 1891 | 1,255 |
| 1901 | 1,300 |
| 1911 | 1,292 |
| 1921 | 1,309 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861
In the 1861 census, Low shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1861
The 1861 census recorded 301 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 7 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (27 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Female members of the family who are present | 1,265 |
| Females present who are not members of the family | 98 |
| Male members of the family who are present | 1,389 |
| Males present who are not members of the family | 262 |
| Number of adult females unable to read or write | 166 |
| Number of adult males unable to read or write | 228 |
| Number of blind females | 1 |
| Number of blind males | 4 |
| Number of female births in the past year | 45 |
| Number of females | 1,363 |
| Number of females attending school | 41 |
| Number of lunatic females | 3 |
| Number of lunatic males | 1 |
| Number of male births in the past year | 69 |
| Number of males | 1,651 |
| Number of males attending school | 59 |
| Number of married females | 428 |
| Number of married males | 461 |
| Number of single females | 907 |
| Number of single males | 1,176 |
| Number of widowed females | 28 |
| Number of widowed males | 14 |
| POP FX N.1 | 1,363 |
| POP MX N.1 | 1,651 |
| POP TOT | 822 |
| POP XX N.1 | 3,014 |
| Total population | 822 |
Age structure (50 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of females age 3 to 4 | 42 |
| Number of females aged 1 to 2 | 59 |
| Number of females aged 2 to 3 | 61 |
| Number of females aged 4 to 5 | 62 |
| Number of females aged 5 to 10 | 239 |
| Number of females of unknown age | 7 |
| Number of males aged 1 to 2 | 64 |
| Number of males aged 2 to 3 | 61 |
| Number of males aged 3 to 4 | 62 |
| Number of males aged 4 to 5 | 55 |
| Number of males aged 5 to 10 | 211 |
| Number of married females aged 15 to 20 | 4 |
| Number of married females aged 20 to 30 | 175 |
| Number of married females aged 30 to 40 | 109 |
| Number of married females aged 40 to 50 | 64 |
| Number of married females aged 50 to 60 | 56 |
| Number of married females aged 60 to 70 | 15 |
| Number of married females aged 70 to 80 | 4 |
| Number of married females aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of married males aged 15 to 20 | 1 |
| Number of married males aged 20 to 30 | 126 |
| Number of married males aged 30 to 40 | 150 |
| Number of married males aged 40 to 50 | 90 |
| Number of married males aged 50 to 60 | 58 |
| Number of married males aged 60 to 70 | 31 |
| Number of married males aged 70 to 80 | 4 |
| Number of married males aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of single females aged 10 to 15 | 197 |
| Number of single females aged 15 to 20 | 138 |
| Number of single females aged 20 to 30 | 48 |
| Number of single females aged 30 to 40 | 5 |
| Number of single females aged 40 to 50 | 1 |
| Number of single females aged 50 to 60 | 2 |
| Number of single females aged 60 to 70 | 1 |
| Number of single males aged 10 to 15 | 188 |
| Number of single males aged 15 to 20 | 174 |
| Number of single males aged 20 to 30 | 266 |
| Number of single males aged 30 to 40 | 21 |
| Number of single males aged 40 to 50 | 4 |
| Number of single males aged 50 to 60 | 1 |
| Number of single males aged 70 to 80 | 3 |
| Number of widowed females aged 20 to 30 | 7 |
| Number of widowed females aged 30 to 40 | 3 |
| Number of widowed females aged 40 to 50 | 10 |
| Number of widowed females aged 50 to 60 | 7 |
| Number of widowed females aged 60 to 70 | 1 |
| Number of widowed males aged 30 to 40 | 1 |
| Number of widowed males aged 60 to 70 | 2 |
| Number of widowed males aged 80 to 90 | 4 |
| Number of widowed males aged 90 to 100 | 4 |
Ethnic origin (7 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of French Canadians | 395 |
| Number of persons native to Canada, not of French origin | 92 |
| Number of persons originating in England or Wales | 6 |
| Number of persons originating in Ireland | 306 |
| Number of persons originating in New Brunswick | 3 |
| Number of persons originating in Scotland | 10 |
| Number of persons originating in the United States | 10 |
Agriculture (65 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of barley | 2 |
| Acres of buckwheat | 1 |
| Acres of corn | 1 |
| Acres of farmland in pasture | 714 |
| Acres of farmland in woodland or forest | 26,831 |
| Acres of farmland under crops | 2,304 |
| Acres of farmland under cultivation | 3,018 |
| Acres of land in farms | 29,848 |
| Acres of mangel wurtzel | 1 |
| Acres of oats | 592 |
| Acres of peas | 102 |
| Acres of potatoes | 137 |
| Acres of spring wheat | 113 |
| Acres of turnips | 53 |
| Acres of winter wheat | 70 |
| Barrels of beef produced in the past year | 96 |
| Barrels of pork produced in the past year | 146 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 25 |
| Bushels of beans produced in the past year | 20 |
| Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year | 6 |
| Bushels of carrots produced in the past year | 394 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 8 |
| Bushels of mangel wurtzel produced in the past year | 130 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 13,269 |
| Bushels of peas produced in the past year | 1,559 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 14,735 |
| Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year | 1,458 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 7,905 |
| Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year | 1,014 |
| C18 WHT FALL AC | 70 |
| C19 WHT FALL BU | 1,014 |
| C20 WHT SP AC | 113 |
| C21 WHT SP BU | 1,458 |
| C22 BAR AC | 2 |
| C23 BAR BU | 25 |
| C26 PEA AC | 102 |
| C27 PEA BU | 1,559 |
| C28 OAT AC | 592 |
| C29 OAT BU | 13,269 |
| C30 BWT AC | 1 |
| C31 BWT BU | 6 |
| C34 POT AC | 137 |
| C35 POT BU | 14,735 |
| C43 HAY TONS | 795 |
| C47 WOOL LBS | 1,043 |
| C63 BEEF BAR | 96 |
| C64 PORK BAR | 146 |
| HRS ov03 V | 4,480 |
| Number of bulls, oxen, or steers | 149 |
| Number of calves and heifers | 331 |
| Number of horses aged 3 years and under | 24 |
| Number of horses aged over 3 years | 63 |
| Number of milk cows | 209 |
| Number of occupants of farms | 149 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres | 74 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres | 41 |
| Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres | 34 |
| Number of sheep | 406 |
| Number of swine | 250 |
| Pounds of homemade butter | 10,252 |
| Pounds of wool produced on farms in the past year | 1,043 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 795 |
| Value of all livestock | 17,600 |
| Value of farm implements in dollars | 2,747 |
| Value of farms (dollars) | 59,529 |
Manufacturing & industry (4 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of carriages for pleasure | 2 |
| Value of carriages for pleasure (dollars) | 50 |
| Yards of flannel produced in the past year | 1,275 |
| Yards of fulled cloth produced in the past year | 25 |
Deaths & mortality (15 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 10 to 15 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of all ages | 6 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of unknown age | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among females under age 1 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males age 3 to 4 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 1 to 2 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 30 to 40 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 4 to 5 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 5 to 10 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 60 to 70 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 90 to 100 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of all ages | 11 |
| Deaths in the past year among males under age 1 | 2 |
| Total number of deaths in the past year | 17 |
Other recorded variables (133 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| BRACES | 19 |
| C01 TOTAL | 149 |
| C05 OCC 50 TO 100 | 41 |
| C06 OCC 100 TO 200 | 74 |
| C07 OCC OVR 200 | 34 |
| C08 HELD | 29,849 |
| C09 UNDR CULT | 3,018 |
| C1 Males | 1,651 |
| C10 Deaths under 1 year M | 2 |
| C10 UNDR CROP | 2,304 |
| C102 Between 90 and 100 years Widowers M | 4 |
| C106 Between 90 and 100 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C11 Deaths under 1 year F | 2 |
| C11 UNDR PAST | 714 |
| C117 Ages not given F | 7 |
| C119 Ages not given Deaths F | 3 |
| C12 Under 2 Years M | 64 |
| C120 Married M | 461 |
| C121 Single M | 1,176 |
| C122 Widowed M | 14 |
| C123 Total M | 1,651 |
| C124 Married F | 428 |
| C125 Single F | 907 |
| C126 Widows F | 28 |
| C127 Total F | 1,363 |
| C128 Grand Total | 3,014 |
| C129 Deaths M | 11 |
| C13 Under 2 Years F | 59 |
| C13 WOOD WILD | 26,831 |
| C130 Deaths F | 6 |
| C131 Deaths Total | 17 |
| C136 Attending School M | 59 |
| C137 Attending School F | 41 |
| C138 Adults unable to read or write M | 228 |
| C139 Adults unable to read or write F | 166 |
| C14 CASH FARM | 59,529 |
| C14 Deaths under 2 years M | 1 |
| C142 Blind M | 4 |
| C143 Blind F | 1 |
| C144 Lunatics M | 1 |
| C145 Lunatics F | 3 |
| C15 CASH IMP | 2,747 |
| C16 Under 3 years M | 61 |
| C17 Under 3 years F | 61 |
| C2 Females | 1,363 |
| C20 Under 4 years M | 62 |
| C21 Under 4 years F | 42 |
| C22 Deaths under 4 years M | 1 |
| C24 Under 5 years M | 55 |
| C25 Under 5 years F | 62 |
| C26 Deaths under 5 years M | 1 |
| C28 Between 5 and 10 Years M | 211 |
| C29 Between 5 and 10 years F | 239 |
| C3 Total | 3,014 |
| C30 Deaths between 5 and 10 years M | 1 |
| C32 INDN CRN AC | 1 |
| C33 Between 10 and 15 years Single M | 188 |
| C33 INDN CRN BU | 8 |
| C35 Between 10 and 15 years Single F | 197 |
| C36 TUR AC | 53 |
| C37 Between 10 and 15 years Deaths F | 1 |
| C37 TUR BU | 7,905 |
| C38 Between 15 and 20 years Married M | 1 |
| C38 CAR BU | 394 |
| C39 Between 15 and 20 years Single M | 174 |
| C39 MAN WURT AC | 1 |
| C4 Members of Family M | 1,389 |
| C40 Between 15 and 20 years Married F | 4 |
| C40 MAN WURT BU | 130 |
| C41 BEN BU | 20 |
| C41 Between 15 and 20 years Single F | 138 |
| C44 Between 20 and 30 years Married M | 126 |
| C45 Between 20 and 30 years Single M | 266 |
| C47 Between 20 and 30 years Married F | 175 |
| C48 Between 20 and 30 years Single F | 48 |
| C48 FLLD CLOTH YRDS | 25 |
| C49 Between 20 and 30 years Widows F | 7 |
| C49 FLAN YRDS | 1,275 |
| C5 Members of Family F | 1,265 |
| C52 Between 30 and 40 years Married M | 150 |
| C52 BULLS OX STEERS | 149 |
| C53 Between 30 and 40 years Single M | 21 |
| C53 MILK COWS | 209 |
| C54 Between 30 and 40 years Widowers M | 1 |
| C54 CALVES HEIFERS | 331 |
| C55 Between 30 and 40 years Married F | 109 |
| C55 HORSES | 63 |
| C56 Between 30 and 40 years Single F | 5 |
| C56 HORSES VAL | 4,480 |
| C57 Between 30 and 40 years Widows F | 3 |
| C57 COLTS FILLIES | 24 |
| C58 Between 30 and 40 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C58 SHEEP | 406 |
| C59 SWINE | 250 |
| C6 Not Members of Family M | 262 |
| C60 Between 40 and 50 years Married M | 90 |
| C60 TOT VALUE | 17,600 |
| C61 Between 40 and 50 years Single M | 4 |
| C61 BUTTER LB | 10,252 |
| C63 Between 40 and 50 years Married F | 64 |
| C64 Between 40 and 50 years Single F | 1 |
| C65 Between 40 and 50 years Widows F | 10 |
| C68 Between 50 and 60 years Married M | 58 |
| C68 CAR PLEASURE | 2 |
| C69 Between 50 and 60 years Single M | 1 |
| C69 VALUE DOL P | 50 |
| C7 Not Members of Family F | 98 |
| C71 Between 50 and 60 years Married F | 56 |
| C72 Between 50 and 60 years Single F | 2 |
| C73 Between 50 and 60 years Widows F | 7 |
| C76 Between 60 and 70 years Married M | 31 |
| C78 Between 60 and 70 years Widowers M | 2 |
| C79 Between 60 and 70 years Married F | 15 |
| C8 Births in 1860 M | 69 |
| C80 Between 60 and 70 years Single F | 1 |
| C81 Between 60 and 70 years Widows F | 1 |
| C82 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths M | 2 |
| C84 Between 70 and 80 years Married M | 4 |
| C85 Between 70 and 80 years Single M | 3 |
| C87 Between 70 and 80 years Married F | 4 |
| C9 Births in 1860 F | 45 |
| C90 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C92 Between 80 and 90 years Married M | 1 |
| C94 Between 80 and 90 years Widowers M | 4 |
| C95 Between 80 and 90 years Married F | 1 |
| CD NAME | Outaouais |
| England and Wales | 6 |
| Ireland | 306 |
| Natives of Canada French Origin | 395 |
| Natives of Canada Not of French Origin | 92 |
| New Brunswick | 3 |
| Scotland | 10 |
| United States | 10 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
QC039026— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_QC057014— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Low, Quebec (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/qc/low-qc039026-1861/.