St. Mathias, Quebec (1861 census)

St. Mathias was a census subdivision in Quebec, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 1,829. The community is grounded to Wikidata Q112912574. The administrative centroid was at approximately 45.453°N, 73.229°W.

Population

In 1861, St. Mathias had a population of 1,829: 899 male and 930 female residents.

Population trajectory across census years

Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).

Boundary continuity (non-identical overlaps)

Spatial polygon overlaps with adjacent census years where the boundary shifted enough that the SAME_AS chain didn't merge them. These show where the territory came from and went to even when it isn't tracked as the same persistent place.

Later boundary forms

• In a later year, this CSD contained St. Mathias, 1871 (56.6% of this CSD's polygon).

Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861

In the 1861 census, St. Mathias shared boundaries with:

• St. Athanase
• St. Grégoire
• St. Hilaire
• St. Jean Baptiste
• Ste. Marie

Full census record, 1861

The 1861 census recorded 162 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 6 categories.

Population & families (1861). This community's record includes 1,829 total population, 930 females, 899 males, Female members of the family who are present: 827, Male members of the family who are present: 818, 595 single females, 588 single males, 295 married females, 291 married males, 185 adult females unable to read or write, 182 adult males unable to read or write, Females present who are not members of the family: 103, 100 females attending school, 96 males attending school, Males present who are not members of the family: 81, 45 male births, 44 female births, 40 widowed females, 20 widowed males, 2 lunatic females, 2 lunatic males, 1 blind females. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T5.)

Age structure (1861). This community's record includes 135 females aged 5 to 10, 129 males aged 5 to 10, 121 single females aged 10 to 15, 110 single males aged 10 to 15, 92 single females aged 15 to 20, 90 married females aged 20 to 30, 78 married females aged 30 to 40, 74 married males aged 30 to 40, 74 single males aged 15 to 20, 70 married males aged 20 to 30, 69 single males aged 20 to 30, 59 single females aged 20 to 30, 54 married males aged 40 to 50, 46 married females aged 40 to 50, 44 males aged 1 to 2, 42 males aged 3 to 4, 39 females aged 2 to 3, 38 married males aged 50 to 60, 36 married females aged 50 to 60, 35 married males aged 60 to 70, 33 males aged 2 to 3, 29 females aged 1 to 2, 28 married females aged 60 to 70, 26 females age 3 to 4, 22 females aged 4 to 5, 19 single females aged 30 to 40, 17 males aged 4 to 5, 12 married males aged 70 to 80, 12 widowed females aged 60 to 70, 11 single males aged 30 to 40, 9 married females aged 15 to 20, 9 widowed females aged 50 to 60, 8 widowed females aged 40 to 50, 7 married females aged 70 to 80, 7 widowed females aged 70 to 80, 6 married males aged 15 to 20, 6 single males aged 40 to 50, 6 widowed males aged 60 to 70, 5 widowed males aged 50 to 60, 4 widowed males aged 70 to 80, 3 males of unknown age, 2 females of unknown age, 2 married males aged 80 to 90, 2 single females aged 40 to 50, 2 single females aged 60 to 70, 2 single females aged 70 to 80, 2 single males aged 50 to 60, 2 single males aged 60 to 70, 2 widowed females aged 30 to 40, 2 widowed females aged 80 to 90, 2 widowed males aged 30 to 40, 2 widowed males aged 80 to 90, 1 married females aged 80 to 90, 1 single females aged 50 to 60, 1 single males aged 80 to 90, 1 widowed males aged 20 to 30. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T5.)

Ethnic origin (1861). This community's record includes 1,710 French Canadians, 72 persons native to Canada, not of French origin, 21 persons originating in Ireland, 11 persons originating in Scotland, 10 persons originating in England or Wales, 3 persons originating in the United States, 1 persons originating in France, 1 persons originating in Italy or Greece. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T1.)

Agriculture (1861). This community's record includes $419,692 value farms (dollars), $70,834 value all livestock, 41,086 bushels of oats, 34,286 pounds of homemade butter, $32,667 value horses aged over 3 years, 26,334 bushels of peas, 17,071 acres of land in farms, 14,248 acres of farmland under cultivation, 12,130 bushels of potatoes, 11,780 bushels of barley, 9,797 acres of farmland under crops, 9,215 pounds of maple sugar, $8,765 value farm implements in dollars, 6,131 pounds of wool produced on farms, 5,142 bushels of spring wheat, 4,366 acres of farmland in pasture, 2,823 acres of farmland in woodland or forest, 2,529 bushels of mangel wurtzel, 2,264 acres of oats, 2,115 sheep, $1,928 value garden and orchard crops, 1,884 acres of peas, 1,837 pounds of flax or hemp, 1,195 bushels of buckwheat, 1,100 tons of hay, 786 milk cows, 692 horses aged over 3 years, 688 swine, 673 calves and heifers, 654 bulls, oxen, or steers, 565 acres of barley, 525 acres of spring wheat, 323 bushels of corn, 288 barrels of pork, 269 horses aged 3 years and under, 221 acres of farmland held by townspeople who are not farmers, 184 occupants of farms, 134 pounds of cheese produced on farms, 109 bushels of carrots, 108 acres of potatoes, 104 persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres, 94 bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed, 85 acres of farmland in gardens, 66 acres of buckwheat, 48 barrels of beef, 44 persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres, 16 bushels of rye, 14 acres of corn, 12 persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres, 11 bushels of beans, 10 persons living on farms under 10 acres, 8 acres of mangel wurtzel, 8 persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres, 6 persons living on farms over 200 acres, 5 bushels of turnips, 2 acres of rye, 1 acres of turnips. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V2T11.)

Manufacturing & industry (1861). This community's record includes $5,456 value carriages for pleasure (dollars), 2,844 yards of fulled cloth, 1,932 yards of flannel, 1,183 yards of linen, 251 carriages for pleasure. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V2T11.)

Deaths & mortality (1861). This community's record includes 16 total number of deaths, Deaths in the past year among males of all ages: 10, Deaths in the past year among females of all ages: 6, Deaths in the past year among females aged 2 to 3: 2, Deaths in the past year among females aged 60 to 70: 2, Deaths in the past year among males aged 60 to 70: 2, Deaths in the past year among males aged 80 to 90: 2, Deaths in the past year among males under age 1: 2, Deaths in the past year among females aged 15 to 20: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 30 to 40: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 1 to 2: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 10 to 15: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 30 to 40: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 50 to 60: 1. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T5.)

People with Dictionary of Canadian Biography entries

The Dictionary of Canadian Biography includes biographies of 2 people connected to this place who were alive in 1861, listed below by birth year. Each name links to that person's DCB entry.

Identifiers

• TCP UID: QC046007 — year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file
• Persistent place ID: PLACE_QC085008_1881 — computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years
• Wikidata: Q112912574

Sources

Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.

Cite this page

Clifford, J. (2026). "St. Mathias, Quebec (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/qc/st-mathias-qc046007-1861/.