# Twenty biographies for the grounding test

Twenty entries from the *Colonial Office List* Record of Services, chosen 7 October 2026 from the 1905, 1913, 1920 and 1930 editions: the longest entries, half of them for people the Imperial Careers pipeline has grounded to Wikidata and half for people it has not. The text is the OCR as the pipeline holds it, unedited. The answer key is in `answer-key.md`; do not open it until the test is done.

**The test.** Paste one entry into a chatbot with no tools and ask: "Who is this? Give the Wikidata QID." Record the QID it gives and how confident it sounds. Then look the person up with the WikidataMCP vector search and read the item. Score each answer: correct QID, wrong QID (a real item for someone else), invented QID (does not resolve or resolves to something that is not a person), or declined.

## 1. 1920 edition, entry `col1920-p923b11`

> SHARPE, SIR ALFRED, K.C.M.G. (1903), C.B. (1897).—B. 1853; H.M.'s vice-consul, Nyasaland, 14th Feb., 1891; ditto, for territories under British influence North of the Zambesi, 18th Feb., 1893; consul for same territories, 1st Feb., 1894; ag. comsnr. and consul-gen. at Zomba, 7th May, 1894, to 3rd May, 1895; given rank of deputy comsnr., 1st Apl., 1895; and again acted as comsnr. and consul-gen., 16th Apl., 1896, to 14th July, 1897; comsnr. and consul-gen., for territories under Brit. infl. N. of Zambesi, 15th July, 1897; recd. Jubilee medal, 1897; comsnr., commdr.-in-chief, and consul-gen., Br. Cent. Africa Prot., 1st Jan., 1902; recd. Coronation medal, 1902; gov. of Nyasaland (late B.C.A. Prot.), 6th Sept., 1907; ret., 1910; represented E. African Prots. at the Coronation of H.M. King George V., 1911.

## 2. 1905 edition, entry `col1905-p728b11`

> WILLIAMS, RALPH CHAMPNEYS, C.M.G. (1901).—B. 1848; ed. at Rossall; explored parts of Patagonia and Terra del Fuego, 1873-4; and Cent. Africa, 1883-4; head of civil intell. dept., Bechuanaland expdn., 1884; author of "The British Lion in Bechuanaland"; Br. consular offr., S. African republic, 1887; Br. agt. there (with letter of credence), 1888; col. treas., and mem. of sanitary comsn., Gibraltar, 1890; also contract offr., 1891; and also capt. of the port, 1895; recd. certif. and med. from the Italian govt. for services in connection with the wreck of the "Utopia," Mar. 17, 1891; col. sec., Barbados, 1897; res. comsnr., Bechuanaland Protec., 1901.

## 3. 1905 edition, entry `col1905-p697b20`

> PRICE, FERDINANDO HAMLYN.—Ed. at Rossall, and Queen's Coll., Camb.; open scholarship, 1875; writer to the govt. of Ceylon, Mar., 1878; extra office asst. to the govt. agt. for the central prov., Sept., 1879; ag. asst. collr. customs, Trincomalee, May, 1880; ag. asst. govt. agt., Nuwara Eliya, Nov., 1880; priv. sec. to lieut.-gov., Mar., 1881; ag. office asst. to govt. agt., cent. prov., June, 1881; priv. sec. to lieut.-gov., July, 1883; ag. asst. govt. agt., Negombo, Dec., 1883; ag. asst. col. treas., Jan., 1884; ag. office asst. cent. prov., Dec., 1885; ag. asst. govt. agt., Kegalle, Mar., 1886; ag. chmn. mun. coun. and mayor, Colombo, Sept. to Dec., 1889; asst. govt. agt., Kegalle, Dec., 1891; chmn. mun. coun., and mayor, Colombo, June, 1896; sent on special duty to Bombay, Feb., 1897; ag. govt. agt., Sabaragamuva, Apr., 1898; again mayor, Colombo, Oct., 1898; spec. serv. as asst. govt. agt., W. prov., Nov., 1900; govt. agt., prov. of Uva, Oct., 1901.

## 4. 1930 edition, entry `col1930-p905b4`

> ARCHER, SIR GEOFFREY FRANCIS, K.C.M.G. (1920), C.M.G. (1913).—Asst. collr., East Africa Prot., 1st Dec., 1902; attached secretariat, June, 1902 to Mar., 1903; dist.comsnr., 1st Apr., 1907; spec. serv., Northern Frontier, East Africa, 1909; offr. in-charge, May to Dec., 1911; awarded Cuthbert Peak Grant by the R.G.S., 1918, for surveys in E. Africa connecting Major Gwynn's Abyssinian triangulation with the triangulation of E. Africa; transfd. to Somaliland Prot., June, 1912; admstd. govt., July to Oct., 1912, and from June to Oct. 1913; dep. comsnr., 31st Mar., 1913; comsnr. and comdr.-in-chief, Somaliland Prot., 15th May, 1914; assumed govt., 22nd May, 1914; present at operations against the Dervishes at Shimber Berris, Feb., 1915 (African General Service Medal and clasp); member of British Mission on occasion of coronation of the Empress Zauditu of Abyssinia, Feb., 1917 (Star of Ethiopia, 1st class); gov., Somaliland Prot., 4th Nov., 1919; directed operations against the Mullah, 1920, resulting in complete destruction of Dervish power in Somaliland; gov. and comdr.-in-chief, Uganda Prot., 6th Sept., 1922; gov., Sudan, 1924.

## 5. 1913 edition, entry `col1913-p797b15`

> TIBBITS, ELWOOD D'ARCY.—B. 1880; ag. 4th clk., col. sec.'s off., Antigua, Jan., 1899, to Nov., 1900 (almost continuously); jun. audit clk., 1st Dec., 1900; 4th clk., col. sec.'s off., 8th July, 1901; ag. clk. to administr. and clk. to exec. coun., Dominica, 2nd Aug., 1905, to 5th Apr., 1906; 3rd clk., col. sec.'s off., Antigua, 23rd Sept., 1906; 2nd clk., clk. to exec. and legis. couns., and supt. of govt. printing off., Antigua, 11th Oct., 1911; ag. priv. sec. to gov., 17th Oct., 1903, to 5th May, 1904; 28th May, 1911 to 31st Jan., 1912, and 15th Apr. to 18th July, 1912; ag. asst. col. sec., 13th Nov. to 11th Dec., 1907, 11th to 22nd Jan., 1908, 21st Aug., 1911 to 31st Jan., 1912, 5th Feb. to 4th Mar., 1912; 15th Apr. to 19th June, 1912; ag. ch. clk. on abolition of off. of asst. col. sec., 20th June, 1912.

## 6. 1920 edition, entry `col1920-p827b10`

> GORGES, SIR EDMOND HOWARD LACAM, K.C.M.G. (1919), C.M.G. (1917), M.V.O. (1911). —B. 1872; clk., col.-sec.'s off., Cape, 31st Dec., 1889; parly. clk., 1898; prin. clk., 1899-1901; also sec. to med. coun., 1896-1901; priv. sec. to col. sec., 1898 and 1900-01; also prin. clk., convict dept., 1901; transfd. to Transvaal civ. ser. as ch. clk., col. sec.'s off., 14th Mar., 1901; under-sec., May, 1903; sec. to prime min. and clk. to exec. coun., Mar., 1907; asst. col. sec., Aug., 1907; also chmn. of pub. ser. bd., Jan., 1909; on estabmt. of Union, apptd. sec. for the Interior, 31st May, 1910; chmn. public service advisory comtee., 1910-12; seconded for duty as deputy chief censor for cablegrams and radiograms for S. Africa (under War Office), Sept., 1914; also chief censor, posts and telegraphs (under Union govt.); chief civil secretary, German South-West Africa, May, 1915; admstr., ditto, Oct., 1915.

## 7. 1920 edition, entry `col1920-p803b7`

> DENTON, SIR GEORGE CHARDIN, K.C.M.G. (1900), C.M.G. (1891).—B. 1851; ensign, 57th regt., Oct., 1869; lieut., May, 1871; adjt., Aug., 1876; capt., Jan., 1878; chief of pol., St. Vincent, Apr., 1880; apptd. one of the comsns. to inquire into the pol. force, Barbados, Oct., 1880; mem. of exec. coun., Oct., 1881; represented St. Vincent at the telegraphic confce. at Barbados, May, 1882; admstd. govt. St. Vincent, May to July, 1885; again in 1886, and from Nov., 1887, to Mar., 1888; ag. col. sec., 1886 to 1888; col. sec., Lagos, Mar., 1888; admstd. govt. on many occasions, 1889-1900; apptd. lieut.-governor, 1900; admnsr. of Gambia, Nov., 1900; gov., Mar., 1901; retired, 1911.

## 8. 1920 edition, entry `col1920-p954b11`

> WILKINSON, RICHARD JAMES, C.M.G. (1912). — B. 1867; ed. Trin. Coll., Cambridge (exhibitioner); cadet, S.S., Oct., 1889; passed final exam. in Malay, July, 1891; ag. dist. offr., Bukit Mertajam, Dec., 1890, to Aug., 1891; ditto, Nibong Tebal, June to Aug., 1892; ag. asst. postmr.-gen., Dec., 1892, to Mar., 1893; ag. 2nd asst. col. sec., Sept., 1893; ag. sch. Singapore, Sept., 1894, to May, 1895; ag. audr.-gen., July, 1895; ag. collr. land Singapore, Mar., 1896; 3rd mag., Singapore, May to Apr., 1896; ag. collr. land rev., Penang, July 1896; also ag. supt. of educn., Penang, July 1896; ag. 2nd mag., Singapore, Apr., 1897; ag. col. sec. and clk. of coun., July, 1897; ag. dist. offr., P.W., Aug., 1897; ag. 2nd mag., Penang, Apr., 1898; ag. inspr. of schls., S. Stts., Aug. 1898; apptd. asst. postmr.-gen., Penang, but soon ag. inspr. of schls., Jan., 1899; ag. supd. educ. Penang, Aug., 1900; ag. 2nd asst. col. sec. Sept. 1900, to Jan., 1901; dist. offr., Dindings, Jan. 1902; ag. 2nd mag., Sing., Apr., 1903; inspr. of schls. F.M.S., Oct., 1903; dist. offr., Batang Padang Perak, Nov., 1906; ag. sec. to res., Perak, Nov. 1906; confirmed, Jan., 1909; ag. res., N. Sembilan, 25th Feb., 1910; col. sec., S. Stts., Jan. 1911; admstd. govt., Nov.-Dec., 1911, and Jany. 1912; ag. gov., Sierra Leone, 7th Jan., 1912; assumed govt., 9th Mar., 1916.

## 9. 1930 edition, entry `col1930-p1063b16`

> PRINCE, EDWARD ERNEST, F.R.S.C., &c.—B. 1858; ed. Modern Schl., Leeds, and St. Andrews, Camb., and Edin. Univs.; apptd. demonstr., zool., Edin. Univ., 1885; naturalist, Scotch fishery bd. laboratory, St. Ands.; prof. of zool. and comp. anat., Royal Infirmary Med. Coll., Glasgow, 1890; fishery expert, Irish Deep Sea Survey, 1893; vice-pres. Internat. Fisheries Congress, Washington, Paris, and St. Petersburg, 1903-06-09; vice-pres., biol. sect., Brit. Assoc., 1909; ditto, Royal Soc. of Canada, 1908; mem. of internat. relations coun., American fish. soc., 1910; Canad. mem. of internat. fish. congress, Rome, 1911; life mem. of British Science Guild; mem. of internat. fisheries comsn.; repres. Canada, under Fisheries Treaty, 1908; chmn. of many fishery comsns: lobster, 1898; Pacific salmon, 1907; Bay of Fundy Shad, 1908; Manitoba fisheries, 1909; Alberta and Sask. fisheries, 1910-1911; chmn. of biol. bd. of Canada; comsnr. of fisheries for Canada, apptd. 1892.

## 10. 1930 edition, entry `col1930-p1061b14`

> PLUMER, FIELD-MARSHAL RT. HON. VISCOUNT, HERBERT CHARLES ONSLOW PLUMER, G.C.B. (1918), G.C.M.G. (1916), G.C.V.O. (1917), G.B.E. (1924), A.D.C.—B. 1857; served in Soudan expedn. 1884, 4th cls. Medjidie, operations in S. Africa, 1896; S. African War, 1899-1902; A.D.C. to King Edward VII., 1901-2; Q.M.G. to the forces; 1904-5; comdg. 5th divn., Irish command, 1906-9, G.O.C.-in-C., Northern command, 1911-14, comdg. 2nd Army, British exped. force, France, 1915-17; G.O.C.-in-C., British forces in Italy, 1917; gov., Malta, 10th June, 1919; high comsnr., Palestine, 1925-28; gen., 1915; A.D.C. Gen. to the King, 1917; col., York and Lancs. Regt., 1917; Grand Officer, Legion of Honour; Grand Officer, ss. Maur. and Laz. (Italy); Grand Officer, Order of Leopold, and Croix de Guerre (Belgium)

## 11. 1920 edition, entry `col1920-p945b16`

> VAUGHAN, CHARLES STEWART.—B. 1866; ed. Harrow and Trin. Coll., Cambridge (M.A.); cadet, Ceylon civ. ser., Oct., 1889; off. asst. to govt. agt., Ratnapura, Aug., 1891; fiscal, Cent. Prov., and off. asst. to govt. agt., Kandy, Jan., 1896; asst. collr. of cust., Trincomalie, May, 1898; asst. govt. agt., Vavuniya and Mullaitivu, Sept., 1898; dist. judge, Batticaloa, June, 1900; asst. govt. agt., Trincomalie, Feb., 1902; April, 1906; Aug., 1906; Kegalla, May, 1902; govt. agt., N.C. Prov., June, 1906; Oct., 1907; dist. judge, Kurunegala, Mar., 1909; govt. agt., N.C. Prov., Sept., 1909; ditto, Cent. Prov., 1911; govt. agt., E. Prov., Jan., 1912; dist. judge, Galle, May, 1913; ag. govt. agt., N. Prov., Aug., 1913; ditto, C. Prov., Feb., 1914; ag. regiar.-gen., Feb., 1919; govt. agt., Central Prov., Mar., 1919; M.L.C.

## 12. 1930 edition, entry `col1930-p990b15`

> HARRIS, SIR CHARLES ALEXANDER, K.C.M.G. (1917); C.B. (1904); C.M.G. (1900); C.V.O. (1917); M.V.O. (1911), B.A.—B. 1858; scholar, prizeman, and Porteus medallist of Christ's Coll., Camb.; Tancred student in com. law, Linc.'s Inn, 1877; 12th classic, 1878; apptd. 2nd cl. clk., C.O., after open competn., 1st July, 1879; sec. to W. Indies Finance Comns., Dec., 1882; asst. sec. Sugar Bounties Confce., 1889; priv. sec. to Mr. Buxton, M.P., Jan., 1894, to June, 1895; and to the Earl of Selborne, June, 1895; 1st class clk., 1896; specially engaged in work connected with Venezuelan bdndry. arbitn., 1896-8; prin. clk., Nov., 1898; sent to Paris, 1899, in connection with the Venez. bdndry. arbitn.; conducted British case in Brazilian-B. Guiana boundy. arbitn., 1901-4; mem. of comtee. to inquire into organization of Crown agents' office, 1908; ch. clk., 1st Feb., 1909; represented C.O. on advisory comtee. of comml. intell., B. of T., 1900-17; mem. of managing comtee. of Imp. Inst. 1909-16; gov. and c. in c., Newfoundland, 1st Nov., 1917; assumed govt., 17th Dec., 1917; ret., 1922; author of numerous articles in Dict. of Pol. Econ. on economic and statistical subjects, and of lives of various colonial govrs. and statesmen in Dict. of Nat. Biog.

## 13. 1913 edition, entry `col1913-p637b8`

> BLAND, ROBERT NORMAN., C.M.G. (1910).—B. 1859; ed. St. Paul's Schl. and Chelt. Coll.; B.A. Trin. Coll., Dub.; Cadet, S. Settlers., Oct., 1882; passed in Malay, May, 1884; collr. and mag. Sri Menanti, June, 1886; dist. offr. southern dist., P.W., 1888; collr. of land rev., Penang, 1889; ditto, Singapore, 1890; offr. in charge, Sunjei Ujong, Dec., 1894; ditto, Negri Sembilan, Jan. to Apr., 1895; ag. offl. assignee of deeds, Singapore, June, 1896; inspr. of prisons, S. Settlers., Mar., 1897; sen. dist. offr., Prov. Wellesley, Apr., 1897; inspr. of prisons, July, 1897; ag. res. coun., Malacca, April to Sept., 1900, Nov., 1901, to June, 1903, and Oct., 1903; treas., S.S., July, 1904, but continued to act as res. coun., Malacca; confirmed, Jan., 1905; res. coun., Penang, 17th Feb., 1907.

## 14. 1913 edition, entry `col1913-p675b17`

> DYER, THOS. THEODORE RODNEY.—B. 1869; entd. pub. ser. of St. Vincent as cust. offr., Jan., 1890; ag. clk., treasury, 1891; asst. clk., P.O., 2nd clk. govt. off. to Apr., 1892; ag. 2nd clk. in off. of govt., Windward Islds., May, 1892; transfd. to St. Lucia; 4th clk., treasury, May, 1892; 3rd clk., Jan., 1893; ag. 2nd clk., Feb. to May, 1893; 2nd clk., govt. off., May, 1893; also supt. of govt. printing; ag. 2nd clk. in off. of administr., Wind. Islds., 1894; hurricane relic offr., St. Vincent, Sept. to Dec., 1898; ag. ch. clk. and clk. of couns., St. Lucia, Oct., 1900, to Mar., 1901; apptd. ch. clk. to gov. Windward Is. (Grenada), 1st Apr., 1901; ch. clk., col. sec.'s office, and clk. of ex. and leg. couns. 16th Nov., 1901; ag. pol. mag. N. dist.; asst. treas., Carriacou; chmn., road bd., local health authority and water authority, Carriacou, and pol. mag., dist. III., St. Vincent, Feb. to May, 1904; ag. ch. clk. and clk. of couns.; sec., hurricane loan bd.; keeper of telephone stores and med. registr., St. Vincent, May to Aug., 1904; offl. trustee, Grenada, for emigrts. who desire to deposit earnings in sav. bank.

## 15. 1913 edition, entry `col1913-p811b7`

> WILSON, SIR HENRY FRANCIS, K.C.M.G. (1908), C.M.G. (1902). —B. 1859; ed. Rugby and Trin. Coll., Camb.; foundation scholar, 1878; sen. Bell's Univ. scholar, 1879; Chancellor's medal for English verse, 1880; 6th in 1st class classical tripos. and distinguished in exam. for Chancellor's class, med., 1882; fellow of Trin. Coll., 1884; M.A., 1885; called to the bar (Lincoln's Inn), 1888; sec. to Trinidad judicial inquiry comsn., 1892; sent to Malta to collect evidence for the Protestant communities in connection with the Marriages Case, 1893; priv. sec. to the Rt. Hon. J. Chamberlain, M.P., S. of S. for cols., June, 1895; legal asst. in the C.O., 1897; went to S. Africa as legal asst. on high comsnr.'s staff, Feb., 1900; sec. to administration of Orange River Colony, 1901; col. sec., June, 1902; acted as lieut.-gov., Apr. to Aug., 1903, Dec., 1903, to Aug., 1904, and from Aug. to Dec., 1906; mem. of I.C.C., 1903-1907 (represented O.R.C. on rlys. comtee.).

## 16. 1930 edition, entry `col1930-p903b18`

> ANDERSON, GEORGE BARTLET.—B. 1880; ed. Gordon's Coll., Aberdeen; clk., acct.-genl.'s dept., G.P.O., London, 1896; clk., war office, Jan., 1900; 2nd cls. clk., G.P.O., Johannesburg, Dec., 1902; transfd. to exec. and legis. councils dept.; 2nd cls. clk., June, 1903; 1st cls. clk., July, 1905; acct.'s clk. and cashier, Transvaal agt.-general's office, London, Oct., 1907; asst. acctnt., Apl., 1908; clk., P.W.D., Nyasaland, June, 1909; chief clk., secretariat, Apl., 1914; ag. asst. chief sec., Aug., 1916; on re-organisation of secretariat apptd. 2nd asst. sec., Aug., 1919; ag. 1st asst. sec., Aug., 1919; ag. ch. sec., June to Nov., 1920; admin. offr., 1st grade, July, 1922; ag. 1st asst. sec. Mar. to Nov., 1922; ag. prov. comsnr. on two occasions, 1927-29; prov. comsnr., July, 1929.

## 17. 1905 edition, entry `col1905-p604b17`

> ALLDRIDGE, THOMAS J., F.R.G.S., F.Z.S., &c.—Ag. U.S. consular agt. at S. Leone, 1871-2; travelling comsnr. for col.; hon. inspr. of pol., and J.P., 1889; pioneer to remote interior and concluded numerous treaties between British Govt. and paramount chiefs in Mendi Land; dist. comm. Sherbro, 1893; comm. of Court of Requests; accompanied H.E. Sir F. Cardew, K.C.M.G., upon his first interior tour of 617 miles in 1894 as astronomical observer and topographer; medal and clasp for Mendi rising, Sherbro, 1898, mentioned in despatches; hon. corr. sec. Roy. Col. Inst.; awarded the Cuthbert Peek grant, 1900, by the R.G.S. for geographical work done during the past ten years in the hinterland of the colony; author of "The Sherbro and its Hinterland" (Macmillan), 1901.

## 18. 1930 edition, entry `col1930-p1034b14`

> MARSH, EDWARD HOWARD, C.B., C.M.G., M.V.O.—B. 1872; ed. at Westminster and Cambridge; scholar, Trin. Coll., 1891; 1st cl. classical tripos, 1893; sen. chancellor's medal for classics 1895; 1st cl. with distinction classical tripos, Part II., and B.A., 1895; M.A., 1897; apptd., after compet. exam., 2nd cl. clk., C.O., Sept. 29th, 1896; asst. priv. sec. to Mr. Chamberlain, July, 1900; to Mr. Lyttelton, Oct., 1903; 1st cls. clk., 1st Apr., 1905; priv. sec. to Mr. Winston Churchill, U.S. of S. for the Colonies, Jan., 1907; accompanied Mr. Churchill on his visit to E. Africa and Uganda, 1907-8; priv. sec. to Mr. Churchill as Pres. of B. of T., 1908; priv. sec. to Mr. Churchill as Home Sec., 1910; priv. sec. to Mr. Churchill as first Lord of the Admiralty, 1911; priv. sec. to Mr. Churchill as Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster, June to Nov., 1915; priv. sec. to Mr. Asquith, first lord of treasury, 16th Nov., 1915; returned to C.O. as 1st cls. clk., Dec., 1916; priv. sec. to Mr. Churchill as min. of munitions, July, 1917; priv. sec. to Mr. Churchill, as sec. of state for war, Jan., 1919, as S. of S. for the Colonies, Feb., 1921 and as chancellor of exchequer, 7th Nov., 1924; priv. sec. to the Duke of Devonshire, Oct., 1922; priv. sec. to Mr. J. H. Thomas, 23rd Jan., 1924; priv. sec. to Mr. Churchill as Chancellor of the Exchequer, Nov., 1925.

## 19. 1930 edition, entry `col1930-p913b12`

> BELCHER, CHARLES FREDERIC, O.B.E. (1923), M.B.E. (1919), M.A., LL.B.—B. 1876; ed. at Geelong Gram. Schl. and Trin. Coll., Melbourne (final scholarship in classics and comp. philology, Shakespeare scholarship); admitted to practise, Victoria, Oct., 1902; called to the bar, Gray's Inn, June, 1909 (cert. of honour); conveyancer, Uganda Prot., July, 1914; custodian of enemy property, Uganda, Apr., 1915; mag., Uganda, June, 1916; asst. judge, Zanzibar, June, 1920; judge of H.B.M. ct. of appeal for E. Africa, Aug., 1920 and June, 1925; atty. gen., Nyasaland, Sept., 1920; mem., exec. and legis. couns.; ag. judge, high ct., Mar., 1921 to Jan., 1922; judge, high ct., 14th May, 1924; ch. just., sup. ct., Cyprus, May, 1927.

## 20. 1930 edition, entry `col1930-p938b7`

> CLEMENTI, SIR CECIL, K.C.M.G. (1926), C.M.G. (1916)—Ed. St. Paul's schl. and Magdalen Coll., Oxford (demy, 1894; B.A., 1898; M.A., 1901), hon. mention Hertford schl., 1895; 1st cl. mods., 1896; hon. mention Ireland and Craven schl., 1896; Boden Sanskrit scholar. 1897; prox. acc. Gaisford (Greek Prose), 1897; 2nd cl. lit. hum., 1898; prox. acc. Chancellor's Latin essay, 1899; cadet, Hong Kong, 1899; passed cadet, 1900; ag. asst. col. sec., and ag. clk. of councils, Dec., 1900, to Oct., 1901; asst. registr.-gen., Aug., 1901; mem. bd. of examrs. in Chinese, Apr., 1902; seconded for spec. serv. under govt. of India, May, 1902; J.P., June, 1902; ag. asst. col. sec., and clk. of councils, Sept., 1902, to June, 1903; sec. interpretation bd., Dec., 1902; seconded for famine relief work in Kwang Si, April to June, 1903; mem. of land ct., New Territories, Dec., 1903; ag. asst. land offr. and pol. mag., New Territories, May, 1906 to Sept., 1906; asst. col. sec. and clk. of councils, Oct., 1907; attended Internat. Opium Conf. at Shanghai, Feb., 1909; priv. sec. to H.E. the Admstr., 30th Apr., 1910; ag. col. sec., and mem. exec. and legis. councils, 22nd Feb. to 6th June, 1911, 29th Nov., 1911, to 1st Feb., 1912, and from 16th Mar. to 3rd July, 1912; col. sec. B. Guiana, 1913; admstd. govt., 8th June, 1916 to 14th Apr., 1917, Apr. to Oct., 1919 and June to Oct., 1921; col. sec., Ceylon, Nov., 1922; admstd. govt., Nov., 1922 to Feb., 1923 and Apr. to Oct., 1925; gov., Hong Kong, 1st Nov. 1925; Knt. of Grace of St. John of Jerusalem, 1926; hon. LL.D., Hong Kong Univ., 1926; gov. and commdr.-in-ch., Straits Sttlmts. and high comsnr., Malay States, 1929.