{ "id": "472d15b3d4af529cb9591ae9a364cdddadaea970", "text": "METEOROLOGICAL JOURNAL,\n\nKEPT BY THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY\n\nAT THE APARTMENTS OF THE\n\nROYAL SOCIETY,\n\nBY ORDER OF\n\nTHE PRESIDENT AND COUNCIL.\n\nMDCCCXXXI.\n## METEOROLOGICAL JOURNAL FOR JULY, 1830.\n\n| July | 9 o'clock, A.M. | 3 o'clock, P.M. | Dew Point at 9 A.M. in degrees of Fahr. | External Thermometer. | Rain, in inches. Read off at 9 A.M. | Direction of the Wind at 9 A.M. | Remarks |\n|------|-----------------|-----------------|----------------------------------------|-----------------------|-----------------------------------|-------------------------------|---------|\n| | Barom. | Attach. Ther. | Barom. | Attach. Ther. | Fahrenheit. | Self-registering. | Direction of the Wind at 9 A.M. | Remarks |\n| 1 | 29.943 | 71.8 | 29.809 | 71.4 | 60 | 68.3 | ESE | Fine—cloudy—light brisk wind. |\n| 2 | 29.728 | 69.0 | 29.656 | 69.2 | 61 | 65.4 | SSE | Fine—light clouds—showery—light brisk wind. |\n| 3 | 29.484 | 70.4 | 29.580 | 68.3 | 54 | 62.5 | NNE | Fair—cloudy—light wind. Thunder and lightning with rain at 1 P.M. |\n| 4 | 29.788 | 66.7 | 29.820 | 69.7 | 58 | 63.3 | W | Fine and clear—cloudy. |\n| 5 | 30.003 | 64.3 | 30.045 | 68.0 | 56 | 59.6 | NNE | Overcast—light wind. |\n| 6 | 30.029 | 70.7 | 29.930 | 70.0 | 57 | 66.8 | SSW | Cloudy—brisk wind. |\n| 7 | 29.654 | 69.3 | 29.625 | 69.8 | 60 | 62.7 | SSW | Cloudy—light showers. |\n| 8 | 29.733 | 73.7 | 29.670 | 68.2 | 46 | 62.3 | NW var. | Fine and clear—light clouds and wind. |\n| 9 | 29.464 | 66.4 | 29.524 | 66.2 | 47 | 59.8 | WNW | Fair—cloudy. |\n| 10 | 29.782 | 67.7 | 29.857 | 66.9 | 50 | 60.5 | W | Lightly cloudy. |\n| 11 | 29.836 | 62.3 | 29.723 | 64.3 | 55 | 57.7 | E | Cloudy—light showers. |\n| 12 | 29.583 | 65.7 | 29.805 | 67.2 | 61 | 62.7 | W | Fine—cloudy—showery. |\n| 13 | 30.156 | 72.7 | 30.164 | 69.2 | 50 | 65.4 | W | Fine and clear—light clouds. |\n| 14 | 30.120 | 67.6 | 30.060 | 68.8 | 58 | 68.5 | SSE | Fine—nearly cloudless. |\n| 15 | 29.994 | 70.3 | 29.992 | 70.7 | 63 | 67.4 | S | Fine—light clouds. |\n| 16 | 30.038 | 74.3 | 30.037 | 71.6 | 53 | 67.7 | SSW | Fine—light clouds. |\n| 17 | 30.079 | 74.3 | 29.972 | 69.8 | 56 | 65.4 | SSE var. | A.M. Clear. P.M. Overcast. At night, high wind and rain. |\n| 18 | 29.824 | 67.4 | 29.836 | 67.7 | 63 | 63.7 | SSE | A.M. early, wind and rain.—Continued rain. |\n| 19 | 29.997 | 72.8 | 30.039 | 70.5 | 56 | 66.7 | W | Fine—light clouds—showery. |\n| 20 | 30.143 | 69.7 | 30.133 | 70.5 | 56 | 64.7 | SW | Lightly cloudy. |\n| 21 | 30.228 | 68.6 | 30.228 | 70.6 | 60 | 65.2 | W | Fine—light clouds. |\n| 22 | 30.248 | 66.7 | 30.209 | 70.2 | 60 | 64.3 | W | Overcast. |\n| 23 | 30.155 | 74.4 | 30.129 | 73.7 | 61 | 69.7 | SW | Overcast. Fine A.M. |\n| 24 | 30.090 | 74.0 | 30.116 | 74.2 | 62 | 70.3 | SW | Fine and clear—light clouds. |\n| 25 | 30.265 | 74.3 | 30.255 | 75.6 | 62 | 69.7 | SW | Fine—lightly cloudy. |\n| 26 | 30.280 | 79.3 | 30.246 | 78.3 | 56 | 77.2 | S | Fine—lightly cloudy. |\n| 27 | 30.373 | 80.3 | 30.344 | 78.8 | 60 | 76.7 | E | Clear and cloudless. |\n| 28 | 30.362 | 77.7 | 30.313 | 77.6 | 67 | 74.5 | N | Clear and cloudless. |\n| 29 | 30.197 | 78.3 | 30.117 | 79.6 | 68 | 75.7 | NNE | Fine—lightly cloudy. |\n| 30 | 29.977 | 78.7 | 29.911 | 81.0 | 69 | 76.5 | W | Fine and clear—lightly cloudy. |\n| 31 | 30.065 | 74.3 | 30.073 | 78.7 | 66 | 71.7 | W | A.M. Overcast. P.M. Fine and clear. |\n\n### Monthly Mean of the Barometer, corrected for Capillarity and reduced to 32° Fahr.\n\n| 9 A.M. | 3 P.M. |\n|--------|--------|\n| 29.988 | 71.4 |\n| | 29.975 | 71.5 |\n| | 58 | 66.9 |\n| | 70.4 | 58.1 |\n| | 73.0 | 1.307 |\n\n### OBSERVANDA.\n\nHeight of the Cistern of the Barometer above a Fixed Mark on Waterloo Bridge = 83 feet 2½ in.\n\nabove the mean level of the Sea (presumed about) = 95 feet.\n\nThe External Thermometer is 2 feet higher than the Barometer Cistern.\n\nHeight of the Receiver of the Rain Gauge above the Court of Somerset House = 79 feet 0 in.\n\nThe hours of observation are of Mean Time, the day beginning at Midnight.\n\nThe Thermometers are graduated by Fahrenheit's Scale.\n\nThe Barometer is divided into inches and decimals.\n## METEOROLOGICAL JOURNAL FOR AUGUST, 1830.\n\n| 1830. August | 9 o'clock, A.M. | 3 o'clock, P.M. | Dew | External Thermometer | Rain, in inches. Read off at 9 A.M. | Direction of the Wind at 9 A.M. | Remarks |\n|--------------|-----------------|-----------------|-----|----------------------|----------------------------------|-------------------------------|---------|\n| | Barom. | Attach. Ther. | Barom. | Attach. Ther. | Fahrenheit. | Self-registering. | Lowest. | Highest. | |\n| | | | | | 9 A.M. | 3 P.M. | | | |\n| 1 | 30.026 | 74.6 | 29.951 | 75.1 | 55 | 71.6 | 75.4 | 60.6 | 76.3 SSW Fine and clear—light breeze. Evening lowering. |\n| 2 | 29.844 | 71.8 | 29.862 | 74.3 | 59 | 67.2 | 71.7 | 58.7 | 72.2 SSW A.M. Showery. P.M. Fine and clear—light clouds. |\n| 3 | 30.023 | 72.4 | 30.052 | 72.7 | 55 | 67.3 | 70.5 | 55.5 | 71.3 W Fine and clear—cloudy. Evening lowering. |\n| 4 | 30.071 | 67.8 | 29.982 | 73.4 | 61 | 64.4 | 73.7 | 58.7 | 75.7 ESE A.M. Cloudy. P.M. Fine and clear—light clouds. |\n| 5 | 29.918 | 71.7 | 29.963 | 73.3 | 58 | 67.3 | 72.7 | 64.3 | 73.7 W Fine—lightly cloudy. |\n| 6 | 30.032 | 69.7 | 30.035 | 70.7 | 51 | 63.7 | 68.3 | 53.3 | 68.7 WSW Clear—cloudy—light wind. |\n| 7 | 29.948 | 67.3 | 29.870 | 70.3 | 48 | 64.6 | 68.7 | 55.7 | 70.5 SSW Fine—lightly cloudy. |\n| 8 | 29.723 | 64.8 | 29.739 | 67.9 | 56 | 62.7 | 69.8 | 57.6 | 70.7 ESE Fine—lightly cloudy. |\n| 9 | 29.842 | 67.7 | 29.788 | 70.8 | 68 | 64.7 | 69.8 | 56.3 | 72.3 ESE Overcast. |\n| 10 | 29.664 | 66.4 | 29.639 | 69.0 | 61 | 62.7 | 65.2 | 57.6 | 66.3 ENE Overcast. |\n| 11 | 29.729 | 65.5 | 29.714 | 70.3 | 60 | 61.7 | 71.8 | 57.8 | 73.4 SSW A.M. Hazy. P.M. Fine—at night, rain. |\n| 12 | 29.770 | 70.7 | 29.802 | 71.1 | 57 | 65.8 | 69.8 | 57.3 | 70.7 SSW Fine and clear—light clouds and wind. |\n| 13 | 29.700 | 66.1 | 29.687 | 66.8 | 60 | 60.3 | 63.8 | 58.6 | 63.5 WSW A.M. Rain. P.M. Fine. Thunder at 3½h. |\n| 14 | 29.892 | 66.3 | 29.734 | 66.8 | 55 | 61.3 | 60.0 | 53.3 | 66.7 WSW A.M. Fair. P.M. Heavy rain. |\n| 15 | 29.760 | 65.4 | 29.808 | 68.7 | 54 | 59.7 | 66.7 | 52.3 | 69.3 WNW Fine and clear—cloudy. |\n| 16 | 29.957 | 65.3 | 29.942 | 66.7 | 51 | 59.3 | 64.3 | 48.7 | 67.7 W Fine—light haze and clouds. |\n| 17 | 29.978 | 63.3 | 29.955 | 65.6 | 49 | 56.7 | 61.6 | 46.8 | 63.8 W Fine and clear—lightly cloudy. Evening rain. |\n| 18 | 30.155 | 62.7 | 30.185 | 64.3 | 47 | 56.3 | 62.6 | 46.8 | 63.6 N Fine and clear—light clouds and wind. |\n| 19 | 30.175 | 59.7 | 30.118 | 63.9 | 47 | 56.7 | 62.3 | 47.7 | 65.2 NNW Fine and clear—light clouds. |\n| 20 | 29.975 | 58.4 | 29.957 | 63.7 | 44 | 54.7 | 59.3 | 47.6 | 62.0 NNW Fine—lightly cloudy. |\n| 21 | 30.014 | 60.5 | 29.986 | 64.0 | 50 | 56.0 | 63.5 | 50.0 | 65.5 NNE A.M. Overcast. P.M. Fine. |\n| 22 | 30.031 | 62.0 | 30.024 | 64.3 | 50 | 58.7 | 66.7 | 47.0 | 68.5 S Fine—light clouds. At night, light rain. |\n| 23 | 29.994 | 64.0 | 29.958 | 67.2 | 57 | 62.0 | 65.8 | 58.0 | 68.0 NW Overcast. |\n| 24 | 29.883 | 61.4 | 29.888 | 62.0 | 56 | 61.4 | 68.8 | 56.6 | 70.8 SW Fine—light clouds. At night, rain. |\n| 25 | 29.807 | 65.2 | 29.770 | 63.0 | 56 | 62.8 | 65.0 | 56.6 | 69.8 WSW Overcast—light wind—showery. |\n| 26 | 29.849 | 64.2 | 29.873 | 66.9 | 55 | 61.0 | 64.6 | 55.8 | 65.5 SW Fine and clear—light wind. |\n| 27 | 29.782 | 64.6 | 29.625 | 67.8 | 58 | 60.5 | 66.0 | 54.0 | 69.0 S A.M. Clear. P.M. Overcast. At night, rain. |\n| 28 | 29.394 | 64.4 | 29.457 | 66.5 | 53 | 58.6 | 63.5 | 54.8 | 64.6 S A.M. Overcast—showery. P.M. Clear. |\n| 29 | 29.931 | 64.5 | 29.996 | 66.2 | 50 | 59.0 | 62.8 | 49.8 | 65.6 WSW A.M. Clear. P.M. Rain. Thunder with rain at 1h. 45m. |\n| 30 | 30.223 | 61.5 | 30.192 | 64.6 | 44 | 50.5 | 63.4 | 46.6 | 64.4 WSW Fine—light haze. |\n| 31 | 30.291 | 59.8 | 30.261 | 64.2 | 48 | 55.0 | 66.0 | 46.0 | 67.0 S Fine and clear. |\n\nMonthly Mean of the Barometer, corrected for Capillarity and reduced to 32° Fahr. = 29.834\n\n### OBSERVANDA.\n\nHeight of the Cistern of the Barometer above a Fixed Mark on Waterloo Bridge = 83 feet 2½ in.\n\nabove the mean level of the Sea (presumed about) = 95 feet.\n\nThe External Thermometer is 2 feet higher than the Barometer Cistern.\n\nHeight of the Receiver of the Rain Gauge above the Court of Somerset House = 79 feet 0 in.\n\nThe hours of observation are of Mean Time, the day beginning at Midnight.\n\nThe Thermometers are graduated by Fahrenheit's Scale.\n\nThe Barometer is divided into inches and decimals.\n## METEOROLOGICAL JOURNAL FOR SEPTEMBER, 1830.\n\n| 9 o'clock, A.M. | 3 o'clock, P.M. | Dew Point at 9 A.M. in degrees of Fahr. | External Thermometer. | Rain, in inches. Read off at 9 A.M. | Direction of the Wind at 9 A.M. | Remarks. |\n|-----------------|-----------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------|-----------------------------------|-------------------------------|----------|\n| Barom. | Attach. Ther. | Barom. | Attach. Ther. | Fahrenheit. | Self-registering. | Highest. | Lowest. | Highest. | SW | Fine and clear. |\n| | | | | 9 A.M. | 3 P.M. | | | | | |\n| 1 | 30.342 | 61.8 | 30.291 | 65.8 | 49 | 58.5 | 67.6 | 50.0 | 68.8 | SW |\n| 2 | 30.200 | 62.6 | 30.085 | 67.8 | 52 | 57.8 | 67.0 | 50.6 | 69.8 | WSW |\n| 3 | 29.835 | 63.6 | 29.812 | 65.8 | 51 | 60.5 | 63.2 | 53.4 | 65.4 | S var. |\n| 4 | 29.954 | 62.2 | 29.966 | 65.2 | 53 | 58.0 | 62.8 | 58.2 | 65.8 | N |\n| 5 | 29.704 | 61.2 | 29.697 | 65.2 | 55 | 57.4 | 64.6 | 54.2 | 65.2 | WNW |\n| 6 | 29.562 | 61.4 | 29.495 | 64.9 | 53 | 58.2 | 62.4 | 52.0 | 63.6 | SW |\n| 7 | 29.748 | 61.4 | 29.779 | 63.6 | 53 | 57.6 | 59.8 | 54.0 | 62.5 | W var. |\n| 8 | 30.004 | 61.0 | 30.079 | 64.8 | 53 | 57.8 | 63.0 | 53.6 | 64.2 | SE var. |\n| 9 | 29.865 | 60.5 | 29.792 | 62.8 | 50 | 57.6 | 59.0 | 49.2 | 61.3 | S |\n| 10 | 29.657 | 59.7 | 29.701 | 63.2 | 56 | 56.4 | 61.8 | 54.0 | 63.0 | 0.375 |\n| 11 | 29.777 | 57.5 | 29.756 | 61.8 | 47 | 53.6 | 60.2 | 45.8 | 61.4 | SW |\n| 12 | 29.388 | 59.0 | 29.326 | 61.3 | 50 | 56.2 | 58.4 | 51.0 | 60.6 | S |\n| 13 | 29.489 | 58.2 | 29.548 | 61.4 | 49 | 54.0 | 60.0 | 47.5 | 62.0 | SW |\n| 14 | 29.445 | 59.6 | 29.460 | 62.5 | 51 | 57.5 | 61.3 | 50.0 | 65.2 | S |\n| 15 | 29.663 | 59.2 | 29.657 | 62.2 | 49 | 57.5 | 62.0 | 49.2 | 63.4 | SE |\n| 16 | 29.606 | 61.4 | 29.710 | 63.5 | 54 | 59.0 | 63.1 | 56.5 | 65.6 | WSW |\n| 17 | 29.686 | 58.5 | 29.641 | 61.6 | 53 | 54.8 | 59.0 | 51.5 | 59.8 | E |\n| 18 | 29.594 | 59.6 | 29.681 | 62.0 | 52 | 55.8 | 59.4 | 52.0 | 63.5 | SW |\n| 19 | 29.962 | 58.4 | 29.866 | 62.3 | 49 | 55.2 | 60.2 | 47.2 | 63.2 | S |\n| 20 | 29.641 | 60.0 | 29.609 | 62.8 | 50 | 56.5 | 61.6 | 52.0 | 63.8 | SW var. |\n| 21 | 29.200 | 57.8 | 29.251 | 61.3 | 52 | 53.0 | 56.0 | 51.0 | 58.2 | ESE |\n| 22 | 29.574 | 55.2 | 29.677 | 59.2 | 46 | 50.6 | 59.5 | 43.0 | 60.2 | WSW |\n| 23 | 29.325 | 57.4 | 29.410 | 60.5 | 52 | 58.4 | 60.5 | 50.0 | 62.5 | S var. |\n| 24 | 29.675 | 56.3 | 29.594 | 58.8 | 46 | 53.8 | 52.6 | 47.0 | 57.8 | S var. |\n| 25 | 29.736 | 56.0 | 29.800 | 58.8 | 45 | 53.6 | 58.5 | 46.8 | 59.8 | 0.250 |\n| 26 | 30.212 | 54.0 | 30.282 | 57.6 | 45 | 50.5 | 58.5 | 43.8 | 60.8 | SW |\n| 27 | 30.420 | 54.8 | 30.380 | 58.4 | 47 | 53.4 | 59.6 | 46.5 | 61.2 | SE |\n| 28 | 30.279 | 57.6 | 30.154 | 59.8 | 49 | 57.6 | 61.8 | 53.2 | 62.8 | SW |\n| 29 | 30.037 | 56.2 | 30.025 | 59.0 | 51 | 53.3 | 56.8 | 50.0 | 58.2 | S |\n| 30 | 30.109 | 53.8 | 30.016 | 57.6 | 47 | 48.8 | 55.8 | 44.0 | 56.2 | SSW |\n\n### Monthly Mean of the Barometer, corrected for Capillarity and reduced to 32° Fahr.\n\n- **9 A.M.:** 29.789\n- **3 P.M.:** 29.724\n\n### OBSERVANDA.\n\nHeight of the Cistern of the Barometer above a Fixed Mark on Waterloo Bridge = 83 feet 2½ in.\n\nAbove the mean level of the Sea (presumed about) = 95 feet.\n\nThe External Thermometer is 2 feet higher than the Barometer Cistern.\n\nHeight of the Receiver of the Rain Gauge above the Court of Somerset House = 79 feet 0 in.\n\nThe hours of observation are of Mean Time, the day beginning at Midnight.\n\nThe Thermometers are graduated by Fahrenheit’s Scale.\n\nThe Barometer is divided into inches and decimals.\n## METEOROLOGICAL JOURNAL FOR OCTOBER, 1830.\n\n| 1830. Oct. | 9 o'clock, A.M. | 3 o'clock, P.M. | Dew Point at 9 A.M. in degrees of Fahr. | External Thermometer. | Rain, in inches. Read off at 9 A.M. | Direction of the Wind at 9 A.M. | Remarks |\n|------------|-----------------|-----------------|----------------------------------------|----------------------|-----------------------------------|-------------------------------|---------|\n| | Barom. | Attach. Therm. | Barom. | Attach. Therm. | Fahrenheit. | Self-registering. Lowest. Highest. | |\n| | | | | | 9 A.M. | 3 P.M. | |\n| 1 | 30.079 | 54.5 | 30.071 | 58.6 | 46 | 53.5 | 58.8 | 44.2 | 60.5 | S var. | Lightly cloudy. |\n| 2 | 30.119 | 57.2 | 30.049 | 59.5 | 49 | 57.6 | 59.8 | 53.4 | 62.0 | SE | Lightly cloudy. Rain at night. |\n| 3 | 30.008 | 59.0 | 30.034 | 60.6 | 56 | 59.4 | 59.8 | 56.2 | 61.0 | S | Overcast—light rain. |\n| 4 | 30.152 | 58.9 | 30.257 | 61.8 | 52 | 56.5 | 60.2 | 51.8 | 62.8 | SSW | Fine—light haze. |\n| 5 | 30.439 | 55.0 | 30.411 | 59.0 | 45 | 50.9 | 57.6 | 48.8 | 58.6 | S var. | Fine—light clouds. |\n| 6 | 30.404 | 55.0 | 30.344 | 56.6 | 47 | 51.3 | 53.4 | 45.2 | 54.6 | WSW | Fair—hazy. |\n| 7 | 30.385 | 55.2 | 30.383 | 58.4 | 49 | 53.5 | 59.6 | 48.0 | 60.8 | WSW | Fair—hazy. |\n| 8 | 30.495 | 55.6 | 30.470 | 57.8 | 50 | 52.8 | 60.2 | 48.3 | 61.5 | W | Fair—light clouds. |\n| 9 | 30.538 | 56.3 | 30.534 | 59.3 | 46 | 54.8 | 57.6 | 52.0 | 58.2 | NW | Overcast—hazy. |\n| 10 | 30.547 | 56.3 | 30.493 | 58.8 | 51 | 54.2 | 59.4 | 50.9 | 59.4 | NNE | Lightly cloudy. |\n| 11 | 30.411 | 53.7 | 30.352 | 57.5 | 50 | 51.4 | 54.6 | 45.7 | 55.3 | E | Fine—light haze. |\n| 12 | 30.366 | 54.7 | 30.317 | 56.8 | 49 | 50.7 | 55.4 | 49.3 | 61.2 | NNE | Overcast—hazy. |\n| 13 | 30.404 | 54.0 | 30.374 | 58.1 | 47 | 51.2 | 57.2 | 46.8 | 59.5 | E | Fine and clear. |\n| 14 | 30.340 | 53.3 | 30.289 | 56.0 | 44 | 49.4 | 53.8 | 46.0 | 55.2 | E | Fine and clear. |\n| 15 | 30.273 | 50.2 | 30.190 | 53.8 | 38 | 46.3 | 53.5 | 40.2 | 53.5 | ESE | Fine and clear. |\n| 16 | 30.279 | 49.1 | 30.277 | 53.0 | 41 | 42.6 | 53.0 | 39.0 | 53.5 | NNE | A.M. Fog. P.M. Fine and clear. |\n| 17 | 30.374 | 50.2 | 30.348 | 53.0 | 42 | 47.8 | 53.4 | 41.5 | 53.2 | ESE | A.M. Fog. P.M. Fair—hazy. |\n| 18 | 30.290 | 50.2 | 30.196 | 53.6 | 43 | 48.0 | 55.2 | 42.4 | 56.0 | E | Fine and clear. |\n| 19 | 30.035 | 52.6 | 29.994 | 56.2 | 46 | 53.5 | 59.8 | 47.4 | 61.2 | ESE | Fair—light clouds. |\n| 20 | 30.052 | 56.2 | 30.051 | 59.0 | 51 | 57.8 | 62.2 | 53.8 | 64.8 | S | Fine and clear. |\n| 21 | 30.210 | 59.0 | 30.210 | 61.5 | 53 | 58.5 | 63.6 | 54.6 | 66.0 | S | Fine—light clouds. |\n| 22 | 30.303 | 60.2 | 30.264 | 63.5 | 55 | 60.0 | 65.0 | 54.8 | 66.5 | S | Fine—brisk wind. |\n| 23 | 30.418 | 59.8 | 30.467 | 61.2 | 50 | 55.2 | 57.6 | 53.8 | 58.6 | W var. | Fine—lightly overcast. |\n| 24 | 30.487 | 57.3 | 30.352 | 59.5 | 47 | 51.6 | 63.2 | 49.5 | 57.0 | SW | Cloudy. A.M. Thick haze. |\n| 25 | 30.083 | 57.9 | 29.920 | 59.8 | 52 | 55.8 | 59.5 | 51.2 | 59.6 | SW | Overcast. Rain A.M. |\n| 26 | 30.921 | 55.6 | 30.148 | 56.4 | 45 | 48.9 | 50.0 | 46.2 | 52.2 | SW | Fine—light clouds. |\n| 27 | 30.372 | 49.4 | 30.278 | 53.3 | 35 | 41.0 | 51.2 | 35.2 | 54.5 | SW | Fair—hazy. Rain at night. |\n| 28 | 29.940 | 54.1 | 29.886 | 57.4 | 49 | 54.8 | 59.6 | 40.2 | 60.6 | SW | Cloudy. Rain at night. |\n| 29 | 29.695 | 53.2 | 29.671 | 55.2 | 43 | 48.8 | 52.5 | 45.5 | 53.4 | WSW | A.M. Fine and clear. P.M. Cloudy. |\n| 30 | 30.014 | 49.2 | 30.033 | 51.0 | 37 | 42.4 | 46.8 | 39.0 | 51.5 | S var. | Fine—light clouds. |\n| 31 | 29.916 | 50.7 | 29.923 | 53.8 | 50 | 51.7 | 57.9 | 41.3 | 58.3 | SW | A.M. Foggy. P.M. Nearly cloudless—light wind. |\n\n**Monthly Mean of the Barometer, corrected for Capillarity and reduced to 32° Fahr.**\n\n\\[ \\text{Mean} = \\frac{30.240}{30.212} = 54.6 \\]\n\n\\[ \\text{Mean} = \\frac{57.4}{52.0} = 57.1 \\]\n\n\\[ \\text{Mean} = \\frac{57.1}{57.0} = 58.4 \\]\n\n\\[ \\text{Sum} = \\frac{0.881}{0.881} \\]\n\n### OBSERVANDA.\n\nHeight of the Cistern of the Barometer above a Fixed Mark on Waterloo Bridge......................... = 83 feet 2½ in.\n\n.............................................................. above the mean level of the Sea (presumed about) ............... = 95 feet.\n\nThe External Thermometer is 2 feet higher than the Barometer Cistern.\n\nHeight of the Receiver of the Rain Gauge above the Court of Somerset House ......................... = 79 feet 0 in.\n\nThe hours of observation are of Mean Time, the day beginning at Midnight.\n\nThe Thermometers are graduated by Fahrenheit’s Scale.\n\nThe Barometer is divided into inches and decimals.\n## METEOROLOGICAL JOURNAL FOR NOVEMBER, 1830.\n\n| 1830. Nov. | 9 o'clock, A.M. | 3 o'clock, P.M. | Dew Read at 9 A.M. in degrees of Fahr. | External Thermometer. | Rain, in inches. Read off at 9 A.M. | Direction of the Wind at 9 A.M. | Remarks. |\n|------------|----------------|----------------|--------------------------------------|-----------------------|-----------------------------------|-------------------------------|----------|\n| | Barom. Attach. Therm. | Barom. Attach. Therm. | Fahrenheit. | Self-registering. | Lowest. Highest. | | |\n| D 1 | 30.127 54.3 | 30.130 56.2 | 53 | 53.4 57.0 | 49.6 57.7 | SW | Fine and clear. |\n| S 2 | 30.141 54.0 | 30.085 56.8 | 50 | 51.7 56.5 | 49.3 57.3 | WSW | Overcast. |\n| V 3 | 29.927 54.8 | 29.843 56.6 | 52 | 52.4 55.5 | 50.7 55.7 | S | Fine—light clouds. |\n| U 4 | 29.856 55.3 | 29.831 56.8 | 50 | 49.7 55.6 | 48.3 55.6 | SW | Fine—lightly cloudy. At night, strong wind. |\n| V 5 | 29.961 54.4 | 29.873 57.0 | 51 | 50.8 54.6 | 47.3 55.7 | SSW | Fine—lightly overcast. At night, strong wind. |\n| H 6 | 29.570 56.7 | 29.397 58.4 | 55 | 55.7 58.4 | 50.5 58.5 | SSE | Cloudy. High wind through the night. |\n| O 7 | 29.136 56.5 | 29.246 56.7 | 51 | 51.5 51.6 | 50.8 51.3 | A.M. Rain. P.M. Fine—light clouds. |\n| D 8 | 29.654 49.6 | 29.732 52.5 | 45 | 45.4 49.2 | 41.7 49.2 | W | Fine—lightly cloudy. |\n| S 9 | 29.902 47.7 | 29.881 50.4 | 34 | 40.4 48.2 | 34.7 48.7 | WSW | Cloudless—light haze. |\n| V 10 | 29.775 50.2 | 29.681 53.3 | 46 | 49.6 53.2 | 39.3 53.6 | SW | A.M. Cloudless. P.M. Light rain. At night, high brisk wind, with showers. |\n| U 11 | 29.533 52.7 | 29.542 53.5 | 48 | 49.6 50.8 | 47.8 51.2 | SW | A.M. Fine. P.M. Light rain. |\n| V 12 | ................. | 30.055 51.0 | ... | ....... | 48.3 ....... | SW | Fine—light haze. |\n| H 13 | 29.845 48.9 | 29.651 51.0 | 40 | 46.5 48.9 | 39.0 50.8 | ESE | Fine—light clouds. |\n| O 14 | 29.626 51.2 | 29.606 53.3 | 46 | 50.5 52.8 | 45.5 53.8 | S | Fine—lightly overcast. At night, rain. |\n| D 15 | 29.602 50.2 | 29.655 52.6 | 44 | 47.8 51.8 | 42.2 53.4 | S var | Fine—light clouds. At night, rain. |\n| S 16 | 29.312 53.2 | 29.065 54.4 | 47 | 53.6 54.8 | 46.8 54.8 | E var | Rain—brisk wind. |\n| V 17 | 29.483 50.6 | 29.550 52.5 | 44 | 45.5 48.8 | 41.8 51.6 | S | Fine—light clouds. Hail storm at 24h P.M., and rain at night. |\n| U 18 | 29.784 47.8 | 29.875 47.8 | 39 | 40.5 45.2 | 38.5 44.6 | SW | Strong fog. |\n| V 19 | 30.206 46.8 | 30.210 48.0 | 35 | 36.8 42.4 | 34.6 42.2 | SW | Fine—hazy. |\n| H 20 | 30.006 46.4 | 29.932 48.5 | 37 | 43.6 47.2 | 35.5 47.4 | SE | Overcast. Rain P.M. |\n| O 21 | 29.936 47.2 | 29.893 51.2 | 41 | 45.0 50.8 | 40.2 51.8 | S | Fine—lightly overcast. At night, rain. |\n| D 22 | 29.751 50.2 | 29.889 51.2 | 45 | 48.7 48.2 | 44.0 51.5 | WSW | Fine—light clouds. |\n| S 23 | 30.152 47.5 | 30.212 49.0 | 40 | 42.0 46.8 | 40.0 47.2 | SW | Fine—hazy. |\n| V 24 | 30.418 44.6 | 30.422 45.1 | 34 | 37.8 40.6 | 35.8 40.4 | W | Hazy. |\n| U 25 | 30.386 41.8 | 30.358 43.8 | 32 | 36.0 40.5 | 33.0 40.5 | S | Fine—hazy. |\n| V 26 | 30.126 43.2 | 29.994 44.5 | 35 | 38.6 40.0 | 34.8 43.0 | SE | Overcast. |\n| H 27 | 29.750 42.3 | 29.671 44.0 | 35 | 37.4 39.8 | 34.8 41.0 | SE | Fine—light clouds. |\n| O 28 | 29.493 42.5 | 29.554 44.8 | 37 | 42.0 45.2 | 36.0 45.2 | SE | Overcast. Light rain P.M. |\n| D 29 | 29.787 44.8 | 29.835 45.2 | 40 | 42.8 43.6 | 41.2 43.6 | ESE | Overcast. Light rain A.M. |\n| O 30 | 29.924 45.4 | 29.911 46.2 | 41 | 43.5 44.4 | 41.6 44.2 | ESE | Overcast—light rain. |\n\nMean Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean Mean Sum\n29.833 49.3 29.819 51.1 43 45.8 49.0 41.9 49.7 1,700\n\nMonthly Mean of the Barometer, corrected for Capillarity and reduced to 32° Fahr. ............... { 9 A.M. 3 P.M. }\n{ 29.793 29.774 }\n\n### OBSERVANDA.\n\nHeight of the Cistern of the Barometer above a Fixed Mark on Waterloo Bridge ...................... = 83 feet 2½ in.\n.......................................................... above the mean level of the Sea (presumed about) = 95 feet.\n\nThe external Thermometer is 2 feet higher than the Barometer Cistern.\n\nHeight of the Receiver of the Rain Gauge above the Court of Somerset House ...................... = 79 feet 0 in.\n\nThe hours of observation are of Mean Time, the day beginning at Midnight.\n\nThe Thermometers are graduated by Fahrenheit's Scale.\n\nThe Barometer is divided into inches and decimals.\n## METEOROLOGICAL JOURNAL FOR DECEMBER, 1830.\n\n| Decem. | 9 o'clock, A.M. | 3 o'clock, P.M. | Dew Point at 9 A.M., degrees of Fahr. | External Thermometer | Rain, in inches, Read off at 9 A.M. | Direction of the Wind at 9 A.M. | Remarks |\n|--------|-----------------|-----------------|--------------------------------------|---------------------|-----------------------------------|-------------------------------|---------|\n| | Barom. | Attach. Therm. | Barom. | | | | |\n| 1 | 30.029 | 45.3 | 30.010 | 45.2 | 38 | 42.6 | ESE | Overcast—light fog. |\n| 2 | 29.867 | 44.0 | 29.740 | 43.5 | 36 | 39.8 | ESE | Overcast. |\n| 3 | 29.602 | 41.8 | 29.600 | 42.4 | 36 | 37.8 | ESE | Foggy. Light rain A.M. |\n| 4 | 29.752 | 41.8 | 29.776 | 42.4 | 33 | 38.8 | SE | Lightly foggy. |\n| 5 | 29.756 | 42.3 | 29.590 | 43.6 | 32 | 39.8 | ESE | Fine—light clouds. |\n| 6 | 29.118 | 43.0 | 29.080 | 44.5 | 36 | 44.5 | ESE | Overcast—light rain. |\n| 7 | 29.150 | 45.6 | 29.166 | 46.5 | 41 | 44.6 | E | Overcast. |\n| 8 | 29.201 | 46.8 | 29.176 | 47.0 | 41 | 45.6 | ESE | Overcast. Light rain P.M. |\n| 9 | 28.897 | 46.2 | 28.869 | 48.0 | 39 | 45.6 | ESE | Overcast. Rain A.M. |\n| 10 | 29.035 | 47.4 | 29.119 | 47.9 | 40 | 43.0 | SW | Light fog. |\n| 11 | 29.314 | 43.5 | 29.307 | 45.4 | 33 | 36.8 | SW | Fine—lightly cloudy. |\n| 12 | 29.404 | 41.0 | 29.635 | 42.7 | 32 | 33.5 | SW | Fine—lightly cloudy. |\n| 13 | 30.190 | 37.2 | 30.277 | 38.8 | 26 | 31.0 | S | Fine—light haze. |\n| 14 | 30.398 | 36.5 | 30.386 | 38.8 | 24 | 32.8 | S | Overcast and foggy. Light rain P.M. |\n| 15 | 30.471 | 38.8 | 30.382 | 40.3 | 31 | 37.0 | SW | Foggy. |\n| 16 | 30.361 | 39.2 | 30.368 | 39.9 | 32 | 35.5 | E | Fine—lightly cloudy. Light rain A.M. |\n| 17 | 30.025 | 37.7 | 29.960 | 39.6 | 29 | 32.6 | SW | Fine—light clouds. Snow A.M. |\n| 18 | 30.162 | 37.0 | 30.176 | 38.5 | 28 | 33.6 | N var. | Fine—light clouds. |\n| 19 | 30.186 | 37.2 | 29.971 | 38.7 | 29 | 33.0 | SW | Overcast. |\n| 20 | 29.491 | 39.8 | 29.558 | 41.4 | 28 | 39.0 | S var. | Fine—light clouds. |\n| 21 | 29.823 | 38.7 | 29.784 | 40.0 | 30 | 35.6 | SW | Fine—hazy. |\n| 22 | 29.060 | 41.8 | 29.400 | 43.8 | 37 | 44.9 | SW | Light rain. |\n| 23 | 29.427 | 40.1 | 29.459 | 40.0 | 31 | 34.8 | SSW | Hazy. Snow early A.M. |\n| 24 | 29.439 | 32.7 | 29.314 | 32.4 | 13 | 20.4 | NW | Fine—lightly cloudy. |\n| 25 | 29.284 | 28.6 | 29.275 | 29.7 | 16 | 18.4 | WSW | Lightly overcast and hazy. |\n| 26 | 29.292 | 25.8 | 29.260 | 29.7 | 19 | 22.6 | W | Lightly cloudy and hazy. |\n| 27 | 29.167 | 29.7 | 29.165 | 31.7 | 28 | 28.5 | E | Light clouds and haze. |\n| 28 | 29.041 | 32.4 | 29.134 | 33.3 | 31 | 33.0 | E | A.M. Snow. P.M. Light rain. |\n| 29 | 29.656 | 32.6 | 29.657 | 34.8 | 30 | 31.0 | WSW | Fair—light clouds. |\n| 30 | 29.453 | 35.6 | 29.282 | 37.0 | 33 | 36.7 | ESE | Overcast and foggy. Light rain P.M. |\n| 31 | 29.185 | 40.4 | 29.374 | 41.8 | 42 | 45.5 | S var. | Lightly overcast and cloudy—brisk unsteady wind. |\n\n**Monthly Mean of the Barometer, corrected for Capillarity and reduced to 32° Fahr.**\n\n\\[ \\{ 9 \\text{ A.M.} \\quad 3 \\text{ P.M.} \\} = 29.574 \\]\n\n### OBSERVANDA.\n\nHeight of the Cistern of the Barometer above a Fixed Mark on Waterloo Bridge = 83 feet 2½ in.\n\nAbove the mean level of the Sea (presumed about) = 95 feet.\n\nThe External Thermometer is 2 feet higher than the Barometer Cistern.\n\nHeight of the Receiver of the Rain Gauge above the Court of Somerset House = 79 feet 0 in.\n\nThe hours of observation are of Mean Time, the day beginning at Midnight.\n\nThe Thermometers are graduated by Fahrenheit's Scale.\n\nThe Barometer is divided into inches and decimals.", "source": "olmocr", "added": "2026-01-12", "created": "2026-01-12", "metadata": { "Source-File": "/home/jic823/projects/def-jic823/royalsociety/pdfs/107933.pdf", "olmocr-version": "0.3.4", "pdf-total-pages": 8, "total-input-tokens": 13970, "total-output-tokens": 15854, "total-fallback-pages": 0 }, "attributes": { "pdf_page_numbers": [ [ 0, 0, 1 ], [ 0, 152, 2 ], [ 152, 9062, 3 ], [ 9062, 15708, 4 ], [ 15708, 24915, 5 ], [ 24915, 34667, 6 ], [ 34667, 41108, 7 ], [ 41108, 48841, 8 ] ], "primary_language": [ "en", "en", "en", "en", "en", "en", "en", "en" ], "is_rotation_valid": [ true, true, true, true, true, true, true, true ], "rotation_correction": [ 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0 ], "is_table": [ false, false, true, true, true, true, true, true ], "is_diagram": [ false, false, false, false, false, false, false, false ] }, "jstor_metadata": { "identifier": "jstor-107933", "title": "Meteorological Journal, Kept by the Assistant Secretary at the Apartments\n of the Royal Society, by Order of the President and Council", "authors": null, "year": 1831, "volume": "121", "journal": "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London", "page_count": 8, "jstor_url": "https://www.jstor.org/stable/107933" } }