{ "id": "5d3bf220f47d29b237a33a27b6b9f1567587f638", "text": "The Committee appointed by the Royal Society to direct the publication of the Philosophical Transactions, take this opportunity to acquaint the Public, that it fully appears, as well from the Council-books and Journals of the Society, as from repeated declarations which have been made in several former Transactions, that the printing of them was always, from time to time, the single act of the respective Secretaries till the Forty-seventh Volume; the Society, as a Body, never interesting themselves any further in their publication, than by occasionally recommending the revival of them to some of their Secretaries, when, from the particular circumstances of their affairs, the Transactions had happened for any length of time to be intermitted. And this seems principally to have been done with a view to satisfy the Public, that their usual meetings were then continued, for the improvement of knowledge, and benefit of mankind, the great ends of their first institution by the Royal Charters, and which they have ever since steadily pursued.\n\nBut the Society being of late years greatly enlarged, and their communications more numerous, it was thought advisable that a Committee of their members should be appointed, to reconsider the papers read before them, and select out of them such as they should judge most proper for publication in the future Transactions; which was accordingly done upon the 26th of March 1752. And the grounds of their choice are, and will continue to be, the importance and singularity of the subjects, or the advantageous manner of treating them; without pretending to answer for the certainty of the facts, or propriety of the reasonings, contained in the several papers so published, which must still rest on the credit or judgement of their respective authors.\n\nIt is likewise necessary on this occasion to remark, that it is an established rule of the Society, to which they will always adhere, never to give their opinion, as a Body,\nupon any subject, either of Nature or Art, that comes before them. And therefore\nthe thanks, which are frequently proposed from the Chair, to be given to the authors\nof such papers as are read at their accustomed meetings, or to the persons through\nwhose hands they received them, are to be considered in no other light than as a\nmatter of civility, in return for the respect shown to the Society by those communi-\ncations. The like also is to be said with regard to the several projects, inventions,\nand curiosities of various kinds, which are often exhibited to the Society; the authors\nwhereof, or those who exhibit them, frequently take the liberty to report and even to\ncertify in the public newspapers, that they have met with the highest applause and\napprobation. And therefore it is hoped that no regard will hereafter be paid to such\nreports and public notices; which in some instances have been too lightly credited,\nto the dishonour of the Society.\n\nThe Meteorological Journal hitherto kept by the Assistant Secretary at the Apart-\nments of the Royal Society, by order of the President and Council, and published in\nthe Philosophical Transactions, has been discontinued. The Government, on the\nrecommendation of the President and Council, has established at the Royal Obser-\nvatory at Greenwich, under the superintendence of the Astronomer Royal, a Magnet-\nical and Meteorological Observatory, where observations are made on an extended\nscale, which are regularly published. These, which correspond with the grand\nscheme of observations now carrying out in different parts of the globe, supersede\nthe necessity of a continuance of the observations made at the Apartments of the\nRoyal Society, which could not be rendered so perfect as was desirable, on account\nof the imperfections of the locality and the multiplied duties of the observer.\nA List of Public Institutions and Individuals, entitled to receive a copy of the Philosophical Transactions of each year, on making application for the same directly or through their respective agents, within five years of the date of publication.\n\nIn the British Dominions.\nThe Queen's Library.\nThe Admiralty Library.\nThe Radcliffe Library, Oxford.\nThe Royal Geographical Society.\nThe United Service Museum.\nThe Royal College of Physicians.\nThe Society of Antiquaries.\nThe Linnean Society.\nThe Royal Institution of Great Britain.\nThe Society for the Encouragement of Arts.\nThe Geological Society.\nThe Horticultural Society.\nThe Royal Astronomical Society.\nThe Royal Asiatic Society.\nThe Royal Society of Literature.\nThe Medical and Chirurgical Society.\nThe London Institution.\nThe Entomological Society of London.\nThe Zoological Society of London.\nThe Institute of British Architects.\nThe Institution of Civil Engineers.\nThe Cambridge University Philosophical Society.\nThe Royal Society of Edinburgh.\nThe Royal Irish Academy.\nThe Royal Dublin Society.\nThe Asiatic Society at Calcutta.\nThe Royal Artillery Library at Woolwich.\nThe Royal Observatory at Greenwich.\nThe Observatory at Dublin.\nThe Observatory at Armagh.\nThe Observatory at the Cape of Good Hope.\nThe Observatory at Madras.\nThe Observatory at Paramatta.\nThe Observatory at Edinburgh.\n\nDenmark.\nThe Royal Society of Sciences at Copenhagen.\nThe Royal Observatory at Altona.\n\nFrance.\nThe Royal Academy of Sciences at Paris.\nThe Royal Academy of Sciences at Toulouse.\nThe Ecole des Mines at Paris.\nThe Geographical Society at Paris.\nThe Entomological Society of France.\nThe Dépôt de la Marine, Paris.\nThe Geological Society of France.\nThe Jardin des Plantes, Paris.\n\nGermany.\nThe University at Göttingen.\nThe Cæsarean Academy of Naturalists at Bonn.\nThe Observatory at Manheim.\nThe Royal Academy of Sciences at Munich.\n\nItaly.\nThe Institute of Sciences, Letters and Arts, at Milan.\nThe Italian Society of Sciences at Modena.\nThe Royal Academy of Sciences at Turin.\n\nSwitzerland.\nThe Société de Phys. et d'Hist. Nat. at Geneva.\n\nBelgium.\nThe Royal Academy of Sciences at Brussels.\n\nNetherlands.\nThe Royal Institute of Amsterdam.\nThe Batavian Society of Experimental Philosophy at Rotterdam.\n\nSpain.\nThe Royal Observatory at Cadiz.\n\nPortugal.\nThe Royal Academy of Sciences at Lisbon.\n\nPrussia.\nThe Royal Academy of Sciences at Berlin.\n\nRussia.\nThe Imperial Academy of Sciences at St. Petersburg.\nThe Imperial Observatory at Pulkowa.\n\nSweden and Norway.\nThe Royal Academy of Sciences at Stockholm.\nThe Royal Society of Sciences at Drontheim.\n\nUnited States.\nThe American Philosophical Society at Philadelphia.\nThe American Academy of Sciences at Boston.\nThe Library of Harvard College.\nThe Observatory at Washington.\nThe fifty Foreign Members of the Royal Society.\nA List of Public Institutions and Individuals, entitled to receive a copy of the Astronomical Observations made at the Royal Observatory at Greenwich, on making application for the same directly or through their respective agents, within two years of the date of publication.\n\nIn the British Dominions.\n\nThe Queen's Library.\nThe Board of Ordnance.\nThe Royal Society.\nThe Savilian Library, Oxford.\nThe Library of Trinity College, Cambridge.\nThe University of Aberdeen.\nThe University of St. Andrews.\nThe University of Dublin.\nThe University of Edinburgh.\nThe University of Glasgow.\nThe Observatory at Oxford.\nThe Observatory at Cambridge.\nThe Observatory at Dublin.\nThe Observatory at Armagh.\nThe Observatory at the Cape of Good Hope.\nThe Observatory at Paramatta.\nThe Observatory at Madras.\nThe Royal Institution of Great Britain.\nThe Royal Society, Edinburgh.\nThe Observatory, Trevandrum, East Indies.\nThe Astronomical Institution, Edinburgh.\nThe President of the Royal Society.\nThe Lowndes's Professor of Astronomy, Cambridge.\nThe Plumian Professor of Astronomy, Cambridge.\nL. Holland, Esq., Lombard Street.\nSir John William Lubbock, Bart., V.P.\nCaptain W. H. Smyth, R.N. of Cardiff.\nSir James South, Observatory, Kensington.\n\nIn Foreign Countries.\n\nThe Royal Academy of Sciences at Berlin.\nThe Royal Academy of Sciences at Paris.\nThe Imperial Academy of Sciences at St. Petersburg.\nThe Royal Academy of Sciences at Stockholm.\nThe Royal Society of Sciences at Upsal.\nThe Board of Longitude of France.\nThe University of Göttingen.\nThe University of Leyden.\nThe Academy of Bologna.\nThe American Academy of Sciences at Boston.\nThe American Philosophical Society at Philadelphia.\nThe Observatory at Altona.\nThe Observatory at Berlin.\nThe Observatory at Breslau.\nThe Observatory at Brussels.\nThe Observatory at Cadiz.\nThe Observatory at Coimbra.\nThe Observatory at Copenhagen.\nThe Observatory at Dorpat.\nThe Observatory at Helsingfors.\nThe Observatory at Königsberg.\nThe Observatory at Manheim.\nThe Observatory at Marseilles.\nThe Observatory at Milan.\nThe Observatory at Munich.\nThe Observatory at Palermo.\nThe Observatory at Paris.\nThe Observatory at Seeberg.\nThe Observatory at Vienna.\nThe Observatory at Tubingen.\nThe Observatory at Turin.\nThe Observatory at Wilna.\nProfessor Bessel, of Königsberg.\nThe Dépôt de la Marine, Paris.\nThe Bowden College, United States.\nThe Library of Harvard College,\nThe Waterville College, United States.\nList of Observatories, Institutions and Individuals, entitled to receive a Copy of the\nMagnetical and Meteorological Observations made at the Royal Observatory, Green-\nwich.\n\n| Observatories | Individuals |\n|-------------------------------|--------------------------------------|\n| Algiers | M. Aimé |\n| Altona | M. Schumacher |\n| Armagh | Dr. Robinson |\n| Berlin | M. Encke |\n| Bogoslowsk | G. Buist |\n| Bombay | |\n| Bornnaoul | M. Prang, 1st. |\n| Breda | Prof. Wenchebach |\n| Breslau | Prof. Boguslowski |\n| Brussels | M. Quetelet |\n| Cadiz | M. Cerquero |\n| Cairo | M. Lambert |\n| Cambridge | Prof. Challis |\n| Cambridge, United States | Prof. Lovering |\n| Cape of Good Hope | T. Maclear, Esq. |\n| Catherineburgh | M. Rochkoff |\n| Cherkow | |\n| Christiania | M. Hansteen |\n| Cincinnati | Dr. Locke |\n| Copenhagen | M. Oersted |\n| Coimbra | |\n| Dorpat | M. Mädler |\n| Dublin | Sir W. R. Hamilton |\n| Gotha | |\n| Hammerfest | |\n| Hanover | |\n| Heidelberg | M. Tiedemann |\n| Helsingfors | M. Nervander |\n| Hobarton | Lieut. Kay, R.N. |\n| Hudson College | United States |\n| Kasan | M. Simonoff |\n| Kew | Observatory |\n| Kiew | |\n| Königsberg | M. Bessel |\n| Kremsmünster | Prof. Koller |\n| Leipsic | M. Weber |\n| Lougan | |\n| Madras | Lieut. Ludlow |\n| Manheim | |\n| Marburg | Prof. Gerling |\n| Marseilles | |\n| Milan | M. Carlini |\n| Moscow | |\n| Munich | Dr. Lamont |\n| Nertchinsk | M. Prang, 2nd. |\n| Nikolaieff | Dr. Knorr |\n| Oxford | M. J. Johnson, Esq. |\n| Palermo | |\n| Paramatta | |\n| Paris | M. Arago |\n| Pekin | M. Gachkévitch |\n| Philadelphia | Dr. Bache |\n| Prague | M. Kreil |\n| Pulkowa | M. Struve |\n| St. Helena | Lieut. Smythe, R.A. |\n| St. Petersburgh | M. Kupffer |\n| Seeberg | M. Hansen |\n| Simla | Capt. J. T. Boileau |\n| Singapore | Lieut. C. M. Elliot |\n| Sitka | Messrs. Homann and Ivanoff |\n| Stockholm | Prof. Selander |\n| Teffis | M. Philadelphine |\n| Toronto | Lieut. Lefroy, R.A. |\n| Trevandrum | J. Caldecott, Esq. |\n| Tubingen | |\n| Upsal | Prof. Svanberg |\n| Vienna | M. Littrow |\n| Warsaw | |\n| Wilna | |\n| Zlatoouste | |\n\nInstitutions.\n\n| Institution | Location |\n|------------------------------|---------------------------------------|\n| Aberdeen | University |\n| Berlin | Academy of Sciences |\n| Board of Ordnance | London |\n| Bologna | Academy |\n| Boston | Academy of Sciences |\n| Bowden College | United States |\n| Convent of St. Bernard | Switzerland |\n| Dublin | University |\n| Edinburgh | Astronomical Institution |\n| Edinburgh | Royal Society |\n| Edinburgh | University |\n| Glasgow | University |\n| Göttingen | University |\n| Harvard College | United States |\n| House of Lords, Library | London |\n| House of Commons, Library | „ „ |\nKing's College, Library . . . . . . London.\nLeyden . . . . . . University.\nParis . . . . . . Academy of Sciences.\nParis . . . . . . Board of Longitude.\nParis . . . . . . Dépôt de la Marine.\nPhiladelphia . . . . Philosophical Society.\nQueen's Library . . . . London.\nRoyal Cornwall Polytechnic Society . . . . Falmouth.\nRoyal Institution . . . . London.\nRoyal Society . . . . \" \"\nSt. Andrews . . . . University.\nSt. Petersburgh . . . . Academy of Sciences.\nSavilian Library . . . . Oxford.\nStockholm . . . . Academy of Sciences.\nTrinity College, Library . . Cambridge.\nUpsal . . . . . . Society of Sciences.\nWaterville College . . . United States.\n\nIndividuals.\nBessel, Prof. . . . . . Königsberg.\nBrittingham, Lieutenant, R.A. Newfoundland.\nLowndes Prof. of Astronomy Cambridge.\nPlumian Prof. of Astronomy Cambridge.\nChristie, S. H., Esq. . . Woolwich.\nColebrook, Sir W. . . . New Brunswick.\nDove, M. . . . . . Berlin.\nErman, M. . . . . . Berlin.\nFox, R. W., Esq. . . . Falmouth.\nHarris, W. Snow, Esq. . . Plymouth.\nHolland, L., Esq. . . Lombard-street.\nHoward, Luke, Esq. . . Tottenham.\nHumboldt, Baron . . . Berlin.\nKaemtz, M. . . . . Dorpat.\nKüpffer, A. T. . . . St. Petersburgh.\nLawson, Henry G. . . Bath.\nLloyd, Rev. Dr. . . . University, Dublin.\nLoomis, Prof. . . . . New York.\nLubbock, Sir John W., Bart. London.\nLütke, Admiral . . .\nMacCullagh, James, Esq. . . University, Dublin.\nMahlmann, Prof. . . . Berlin.\nMelvill, J. C., Esq. . . East India House.\nPhillips, John, Esq. . . York.\nPickering, Captain, R.A. . . Ceylon.\nPresident of the Royal Society London.\nRedfield, W. C., Esq. . . New York.\nReid, Lieutenant-Colonel . . Bermuda.\nRiddell, Lieut., R.A. . . Woolwich.\nRoget, P. M., M.D. . . London.\nSabine, Lieut.-Col., R.A. . . Woolwich.\nSmyth, W. H., Captain R.N. London.\nSouth, Sir James . . . \" \"\nTempleton, Dr. . . . . Ceylon.\nI. Experimental Researches in Electricity.—Nineteenth Series. By Michael Faraday, Esq., D.C.L. F.R.S., Fullerian Prof. Chem. Royal Institution, Foreign Associate of the Acad. Sciences, Paris, Cor. Memb. Royal and Imp. Acadd. of Sciences, Petersburgh, Florence, Copenhagen, Berlin, Göttingen, Modena, Stockholm, &c. &c.\n\nII. Experimental Researches in Electricity.—Twentieth Series. By Michael Faraday, Esq., D.C.L. F.R.S., Fullerian Prof. Chem. Royal Institution, Foreign Associate of the Acad. Sciences, Paris, Cor. Memb. Royal and Imp. Acadd. of Sciences, Petersburgh, Florence, Copenhagen, Berlin, Göttingen, Modena, Stockholm, &c. &c.\n\nIII. Experimental Researches in Electricity.—Twenty-first Series. By Michael Faraday, Esq., D.C.L. F.R.S., Fullerian Prof. Chem. Royal Institution, Foreign Associate of the Acad. Sciences, Paris, Cor. Memb. Royal and Imp. Acadd. of Sciences, Petersburgh, Florence, Copenhagen, Berlin, Göttingen, Modena, Stockholm, &c. &c.\nROYAL MEDALS.\n\nHER MAJESTY QUEEN VICTORIA, in restoring the Foundation of the Royal Medals, has been graciously pleased to approve the following regulations for the award of them:\n\nThat the Royal Medals be given for such papers only as have been presented to the Royal Society, and inserted in their Transactions.\n\nThat the triennial Cycle of subjects be the same as that hitherto in operation: viz.\n1. Astronomy; Physiology, including the Natural History of Organized Beings.\n2. Physics; Geology or Mineralogy.\n3. Mathematics; Chemistry.\n\nThat, in case no paper, coming within these stipulations, should be considered deserving of the Royal Medal, in any given year, the Council have the power of awarding such Medal to the author of any other paper on either of the several subjects forming the Cycle, that may have been presented to the Society and inserted in their Transactions; preference being given to the subjects of the year immediately preceding: the award being, in such case, subject to the approbation of Her Majesty.\n\nThe Council propose to give one of the Royal Medals in the year 1846 for the most important unpublished paper in Physics, communicated to the Royal Society for insertion in their Transactions after the termination of the Session in June 1843, and prior to the termination of the Session in June 1846.\n\nThe Council propose also to give one of the Royal Medals in the year 1846 for the most important unpublished paper in Geology or Mineralogy, communicated to the\nRoyal Society for insertion in their Transactions after the termination of the Session in June 1843, and prior to the termination of the Session in June 1846.\n\nThe Council propose to give one of the Royal Medals in the year 1847 for the most important unpublished paper in Mathematics, communicated to the Royal Society for insertion in their Transactions after the termination of the Session in June 1844, and prior to the termination of the Session in June 1847.\n\nThe Council propose also to give one of the Royal Medals in the year 1847 for the most important unpublished paper in Chemistry, communicated to the Royal Society for insertion in their Transactions after the termination of the Session in June 1844, and prior to the termination of the Session in June 1847.\n\nThe Council propose to give one of the Royal Medals in the year 1848 for the most important unpublished paper in Astronomy, communicated to the Royal Society for insertion in their Transactions after the termination of the Session in June 1845, and prior to the termination of the Session in June 1848.\n\nThe Council propose also to give one of the Royal Medals in the year 1848 for the most important unpublished paper in Physiology, including the Natural History of Organized Beings, communicated to the Royal Society for insertion in their Transactions after the termination of the Session in June 1845, and prior to the termination of the Session in June 1848.\n\nThe Council propose to give one of the Royal Medals in the year 1849 for the most important unpublished paper in Physics, communicated to the Royal Society after the termination of the Session in June 1845, and prior to the termination of the Session in June 1848, and printed in the Philosophical Transactions.\n\nThe Council propose also to give one of the Royal Medals in the year 1849 for the most important unpublished paper in Geology or Mineralogy, communicated to the Royal Society after the termination of the Session in June 1845, and prior to the termination of the Session in June 1848, and printed in the Philosophical Transactions.\nIV. The Blood-corpuscle considered in its different Phases of Development in the Animal Series. Memoir I.—Vertebrata. By T. Wharton Jones, F.R.S., Lecturer on Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology, at the Charing-Cross Hospital, &c. page 63\n\nV. The Blood-corpuscle considered in its different Phases of Development in the Animal Series. Memoir II.—Invertebrata. By T. Wharton Jones, F.R.S., Lecturer on Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology, at the Charing-Cross Hospital, &c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89\n\nVI. The Blood-corpuscle considered in its different Phases of Development in the Animal Series. Memoir III.—Comparison between the Blood-corpuscle of the Vertebrata and that of the Invertebrata. By T. Wharton Jones, F.R.S., Lecturer on Anatomy, Physiology and Pathology, at the Charing-Cross Hospital, &c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103\n\nVII. On a point connected with the dispute between Keil and Leibnitz about the invention of Fluxions. By A. De Morgan, Esq., F.R.A.S., &c. Communicated by S. Hunter Christie, Esq., Sec. R.S., &c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 107\n\nVIII. On the Action of the Rays of the Spectrum on Vegetable Juices. Extract of a Letter from Mrs. M. Somerville to Sir J. F. W. Herschel, Bart., dated Rome, September 20, 1845. Communicated by Sir J. Herschel. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 111\n\nIX. On the Use of the Barometric Thermometer for the Determination of Relative Heights. By James R. Christie, Esq., of the Royal Military Academy. Communicated by S. Hunter Christie, Esq., Sec. R.S., &c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121\n\nX. Investigation of an Extensive Class of Partial Differential Equations of the Second Order, in which the Equation of Laplace's Functions is included. By G. W. Hearn, Esq., of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst. Communicated by Sir John F. W. Herschel, Bart., F.R.S., &c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133\n\nXI. On Spontaneous Nitrification. By C. F. Schoenbein, Professor of Chemistry in the University of Bäle. Communicated by Michael Faraday, Esq., F.R.S., &c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137\nXII. Illustrations of the Viscous Theory of Glacier Motion.—Part I. Containing Experiments on the Flow of Plastic Bodies, and Observations on the Phenomena of Lava Streams. By James D. Forbes, Esq., F.R.S.S. L. and E., Corresponding Member of the Institute of France, and Professor of Natural Philosophy in the University of Edinburgh.\n\nXIII. Illustrations of the Viscous Theory of Glacier Motion.—Part II. An attempt to establish by observation the Plasticity of Glacier Ice. By James D. Forbes, Esq., F.R.S.S. L. and E., Corresponding Member of the Institute of France, and Professor of Natural Philosophy in the University of Edinburgh.\n\nXIV. Illustrations of the Viscous Theory of Glacier Motion.—Part III. On the Motion of Glaciers of the Second Order. On the Annual Motion of Glaciers, and on the Influence of Seasons. Summary of the Evidence adduced in favour of the Theory. By James D. Forbes, Esq., F.R.S.S. L. and E., Corresponding Member of the Institute of France, and Professor of Natural Philosophy in the University of Edinburgh.\n\nXV. Supplement to a Paper \"On the Nervous Ganglia of the Uterus.\" By Robert Lee, M.D., F.R.S., Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians, London.\n\nXVI. On the Nerves of the Uterus. By Thomas Snow Beck, Esq., Surgeon. Communicated by Sir Benjamin C. Brodie, Bart., F.R.S.\nCONTENTS.\n\nXVII. Contributions to Terrestrial Magnetism.—No. VII. By Lieut.-Colonel Edward Sabine, R.A., For. Sec. R.S., &c. . . . . . . . . page 237\n\nXVIII. Contributions to Terrestrial Magnetism.—No. VIII. By Lieut.-Colonel Edward Sabine, R.A., For. Sec. R.S., &c. . . . . . . . . 337\n\nXIX. Meteorological Observations made on Board Her Majesty's (hired) Bark Pagoda, from January 10 to June 20, 1845, between 20° and 68° South Latitude, and 0° 120° East Longitude. By Lieutenant H. Clerk, Royal Artillery. Communicated by Lieut.-Colonel Sabine, R.A., For. Sec. R.S., &c. . . . . . . 433\nINDEX.\n\nContributions to Terrestrial Magnetism.—No. VII. Containing a Magnetic Survey of a considerable portion of the North American Continent, by Lieut. (since Captain) Lefroy of the Royal Artillery.\n\nPage\n\nIntroduction and Results, pages 237 to 261.\n237. Origin of the Survey; preliminary arrangements and proceedings during its course.\n241. Additional determinations received from Major Graham, Dr. Locke, Dr. Bache and Professor Renwick.\n244. Deduction of the total Magnetic Force, in absolute measure at Toronto, as a primary base station.\n246. Deduction of the total force at Toronto in the arbitrary scale.\n247. Factors for converting the values in the arbitrary scale into absolute values, and the converse.\n248. Memorandum by Mr. Archibald Smith on a method of computing the geographical position of the Focus of greatest Force in North America.\n250. Results of a computation by this method.\n251. Notices respecting the Map of the Force.\n252. Intensity of the Magnetic Force at its point of maximum in North America.\n254. The increase of the Force with the increase of Inclination shown not to be a general law.\n255. Objections to the employment of the terms \"Magnetic Pole\" and \"Magnetic Equator.\"\n257. Method, proposed in the Survey of the British Islands, for computing the direction of the isoclinal lines and the geographical distance between them, not applicable to the observations of the North American Survey.\n257. Description of a graphical method adopted instead.\n259. Tables showing the values of the Inclination at the intersection of meridians and parallels between 38° and 66° N. Lat., and 231° and 291° East Longitude.\n260. Notices respecting Station Errors.\n\nDetails of the observations, pages 261 to 336.\n261. Discussion of the observations of Latitude and Longitude.\n267. Discussion of the Ratios of the Force obtained by Mr. Fox's Statical method.\n271. Discussion of the Ratios of the Force obtained by Dr. Lloyn's Statical method.\n275. Tables of the Statical observations.\n285. General Table of the Statical results.\n287. Lieut. Lefroy's Report relative to the observations of the absolute horizontal Force.\n295. General Table of the absolute determinations.\n303. Horizontal Ratios obtained from the Vibrations of the magnets of the Portable Unifilar Magnetometer.\n311. General Table of the total Force in absolute measure derived from the observations of the horizontal component and of the Inclination.\n312. Dr. Locke's observations of the Force referred to Toronto as a base station.\n314. General Table of the total Force at Dr. Locke's stations.\n315. Horizontal and Total Force in absolute measure at Professor Renwick's stations.\n317. General Table of the determinations of the Magnetic Force.\n323. Detailed statement of the observations of Inclination.\n328. General Table of the determination of the Magnetic Inclination.\nContributions to Terrestrial Magnetism.—No. VIII. Containing a Magnetic Survey of the Southern Hemisphere between the Latitudes of —20° and —70°, and Longitudes of 0° and 125° East, by Lieut. Moore, Royal Navy, and Lieut. Clerk, Royal Artillery, in Her Majesty's hired Bark Pagoda.\n\nPage\n\nIntroduction, page 337 to 346.\n337. Origin of the Survey; preliminary arrangements.\n338. Magnetic Instructions.\n342. Proceedings during the Survey.\n343. Additional observations furnished by Lieuts. Smith and Dayman, Royal Navy, and by the Antarctic Expedition under Sir J. C. Ross.\n343. Value of the total force at the Cape of Good Hope and at Hobarton, as primary base stations of the observations included in this number of the Contributions.\n\n346. Lieut. Clerk's Report on the observations of the Survey.\n347. Mr. Archibald Smith's Third Memorandum on the corrections to be applied to magnetic observations made on board ship; containing formulæ applicable where no supposition is made as to the distribution of the iron in the vessel, except that there is no iron very near the instrument by which the observations are made.\n355. Lieut. Clerk's Report resumed:—Corrections for the observations of the Declination.\n356. Corrections for the observations of the Inclination.\n359. Corrections for the observations of the Force.\n360. Index Corrections.\n362. Elements of calculation of the observations of the Force.\n367. Elements of reduction employed for the observations of Lieut. Smith and Dayman, and of the Antarctic Expedition.\n370. Observations in the Pagoda of the Declination.\n382. Observations in the Pagoda of the Inclination.\n404. Observations in the Pagoda of the Force.\n422. General Table of the Declinations determined in the Pagoda.\n423. General Table of the Inclinations determined in the Pagoda.\n424. General Table of the Force determined in the Pagoda.\n425. Lieut. Smith's determinations of the Inclination and Force.\n426. Lieut. Dayman's determinations of the Inclination and Force.\n427. Declination, Inclination and Force, determined by the Antarctic Expedition.\n\nMeteorological Observations in the Pagoda, by Lieut. Clerk, Royal Artillery.\n433. Preliminary notices.\n435. Results; and their comparison with those of Dr. Erman.\n437. Table containing a daily abstract of the Meteorological observations.\n439. Table exhibiting weekly means.\n440. The general meteorological results arranged according to latitude.\n\nERRATUM.\n\nPage 259. Heading of Table VII. line 3, for from 261° to 268° 30' read from 231° to 268° 30''.\nADJUDICATION of the Medals of the Royal Society for the year 1846 by the President and Council.\n\nThe Copley Medal to U. J. Le Verrier, for his investigations relative to the disturbances of Uranus, by which he proved the existence and predicted the place of the new Planet.\n\nThe Rumford Medal to Michael Faraday, Esq., LL.D., F.R.S., for his discovery of the Optical Phenomena developed by the action of Magnets and Electric Currents in certain Transparent Media, published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1846.\n\nThe Royal Medal in the department of Physics, to Michael Faraday, Esq., LL.D., F.R.S., for his Experimental Researches in Electricity. Twentieth and Twenty-first Series.—On new Magnetic Actions, and on the Magnetic Conditions of all Matter, published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1846.\n\nNo recommendation of the Royal Medal in the department of Geology having been received, it was awarded to Richard Owen, Esq., F.R.S., for his paper entitled \"A Description of certain Belemnites, preserved, with a great proportion of their soft parts, in the Oxford Clay,\" published in the Philosophical Transactions for 1844.\n\nThe paper appointed for the Bakerian Lecture for the year 1846, is Professor Forbes's \"Illustrations of the Viscous Theory of Glacier Motion.\"\nCONTENTS.\n\nXX. On the Barometrical Variation as affected by the Moon's Declination. By Luke Howard, Esq., F.R.S. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . page 441\n\nXXI. Contributions to the Chemistry of the Urine. Part II.—On the Variations in the Alkaline and Earthy Phosphates in Disease. By Henry Bence Jones, M.A., Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians. Communicated by Thomas Graham, Esq., F.R.S., &c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 449\n\nXXII. Remarks on the Extractive Material of Urine, and on the Excretion of Sulphur and Phosphorus by the Kidneys, in an unoxidized state. By Edmund Ronalds, Ph.D., Giessen. Communicated by Golding Bird, A.M., M.D., F.R.S., &c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 461\n\nXXIII. On the Fossil Remains of the soft parts of Foraminifera, discovered in the Chalk and Flint of the South-east of England. By Gideon Algernon Mantell, Esq., LL.D., F.R.S., &c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 465\n\nXXIV. On the Secretory Apparatus of the Liver. By C. Handfield Jones, M.D. Communicated by Sir Benjamin C. Brodie, Bart. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 473\n\nXXV. Electro-Physiological Researches.—Fourth Memoir. The Physiological Action of the Electric Current. By Signor Carlo Matteucci, Professor in the University of Pisa, &c. &c. Communicated by Michael Faraday, Esq., F.R.S., &c. &c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 483\n\nXXVI. On the Mechanism of Respiration. By Francis Sibson, Esq. Communicated by Thomas Bell, Esq., F.R.S., &c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 501\n\nXXVII. On the Physiology of the Human Voice. By John Bishop, Esq., F.R.S. 551\n\nXXVIII. On the Motion of Gases. By Thomas Graham, Esq., F.R.S., Professor of Chemistry in University College, London; Hon. Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh; Corresponding Member of the Royal Academies of Sciences of Berlin and Munich, of the National Institute of Washington, &c. . . . . . . . . . . . 573\n\nXXIX. On the Supra-renal, Thymus and Thyroid Bodies. By John Goodsir, Esq. Communicated by Richard Owen, Esq., F.R.S., &c. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 633\n\nIndex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 643\n\nAPPENDIX.\n\nPresents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 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