PYRENEES, Upper, a department in the south of France, lying at the foot of the mountains of the same name. The surface of the ground is mountainous, and feeds great numbers of cattle and sheep. Rye and barley are raised, but little wheat. Vines, mulberries, and flax are also cultivated. There are in the department 45 lead mines, 13 of iron, and 9 of copper, few of which however are wrought. It has few manufactures. Its territorial extent is 469,915 hectares; and the population in 1817 was 198,763. The contributions for 1802 amounted to 893,637 francs. Tarbes is the chief town.