PYRENEES, Eastern, a department in the south of France, at the eastern extremity of the mountains whose name it bears. The soil, though mountainous, produces corn, wine, oil, barley, flax, hemp, and legumes. Irrigation is practised here, and the lands to which it is applied yield two or three crops a-year. Oranges, lemons, and pomegranates are also produced here. There are many mines of iron; besides some of copper, lead, and coal. Wood is scarce. There are few manufactures. The extent of this department is 411,376 hectares. The population in 1817 was 126,625. Perpignan is the chief town.