GLAMORGANSHIRE, a county of South Wales, said to have derived its name from a contraction of the Welsh words Gwald Morgan, or "the county of Morgan," and supposed to have been thus called from a prince of this part of the country, said to have been killed 800 years before the birth of our Saviour: but some other writers derive the name from the word Mor, which in the British tongue signifies the sea; this being a maritime county. It is bounded on the south, and part of the west, by Bristol channel; on the north-west, by Caernarvonshire; on the north, by Brecknockshire; and on the east, by Monmouthshire. It extends 48 miles in length from east to west, 27 in breadth from north to south, and is 116 in circumference. It is divided into 10 hundreds, in which are one city, 7 market towns, 118 parishes, about 10,000 houtes, and 58,000 inhabitants. It is in the diocese of Llandaff. This county, in the time of the Romans, was part of the district inhabited by the Silures, and had several Roman stations. Thus Boverton, a few miles to the south of Cowbridge, is supposed to be the Rovium of Antoninus: Neath to be his Nidum; and Loghor, to the west of Swansea, to be his Leucarum. The principal rivers of this county are the Rhymny, the Taff, the Ogmore, the Avon, the Cledaugh, and the Tawe. The air, in the south part, towards the sea, is temperate and healthful; but the northern part, which is mountainous, is cold and piercing, full of thick woods, extremely barren, and thin of inhabitants. The mountains, however, serve to feed herds of cattle, and send forth streams which add greatly to the fertility of the other parts of the county: