CLAZOMENÆ (Kelisman), a town of Ionia, and a member of the Ionian Dodecapolis, on the gulf of Smyrna, about 20 miles from that city in a S.W. direction. It stood originally on the isthmus connecting the mainland with the peninsula on which were Erythræ and other towns of note; but the inhabitants, alarmed by the encroachments of the Persians, abandoned the continent and removed to one of the small islands of the bay, and there established their city in security. This island was connected with the mainland by Alexander the Great by means of a pier, the remains of which are still visible. Though Clazomene was not in existence before the arrival of the Ionians in Asia, its original founders were only partly Ionians, the great proportion being Phliasians and Cleonians. It remained for some time subject to the Athenians, but about the middle of the Peloponnesian war it revolted. After a brief resistance, however, it again acknowledged the Athenian supremacy, and repelled the Lacedæmonians when they attempted to gain possession of the town. Under the Romans Clazomene was included in the province of Asia, and enjoyed immunity. Anaxagoras the philosopher was born here B.C. 499.