GALLIPOLI, anciently Callipolis, a seaport town of European Turkey, province of Rumilia, on the northern shore of the Hellespont, at the entrance to the sea of Marmora, 90 miles south of Adrianople. It is situated on a peninsula, and protected by two ports, and is one of the chief stations of the Turkish fleet. Its trade is chiefly in corn, wine, and oil, and it has several extensive and well-furnished bazaars. The chief manufactures are cottons, silks, earthenware, and Morocco leather, which last is the best made in Turkey. It is the see of a bishop of the Greek Church. The houses are mean, and the streets narrow and dirty. It was once fortified, but its walls have been destroyed, and its only defence is now an old square castle with a tower, built probably by Bajazet. On the south side of the town are some tumuli, said to be the sepulchres of the ancient Thracian kings, and on the north are some undefined ruins, supposed to be the remains of the ancient city. Fragments of sculpture and architecture are to be seen in all parts of the town. A considerable improvement was effected here by the allied troops in 1854.
Pop. probably about 20,000, including Turks, Armenians, Gallois Jews, and some Greeks.