NEWARK, a town of the United States of North America, state of New Jersey, is situated on the Passaic, 4 miles from its mouth, and 9 miles W. of New York. It is regularly laid out, with broad and straight streets intersecting each other at right angles; and has two spacious public squares, which are planted with fine elm trees. The court-house is a large structure of brown stone in the Egyptian style. The library building is also very handsome, and contains a public hall and a gallery of paintings. There are many fine churches in the town, three of which have elegant and lofty spires. They belong to Roman Catholics, Methodists, and Presbyterians. There are in all about forty churches of various sects in Newark. Among the literary and educational institutions are,—a historical society, a literary association, a Wesleyan institute, and seven schools, attended by about 2500 scholars. The chief importance of the town is derived from its extensive manufactures, of which the establishments for the production of India-rubber goods, of carriages, and of machinery are the largest and most important. Leather goods and articles of clothing are also manufactured. The trade of the city is principally coasting. The registered and enrolled shipping in 1852 had a tonnage of 5107, of which 1189 were propelled by steam. In the same year the number of ships that entered was 21, and their tonnage 2304; of those that cleared 13, tonnage 1893. Pop. (1850) 38,893; (1853) about 45,500.