NEWARK-UPON-TRENT, a market-town, and municipal and parliamentary borough of England, county of Nottingham, on an affluent of the Trent, 20 miles N.E. of Nottingham, and 124 N.N.W. of London. It is well though irregularly built, and has a large market-place in the centre. The parish church is one of the largest and finest in England; and though originally a Norman building, it underwent great changes in the time of Henry VI. It is in the form of a cross, has a lofty spire, and contains some fine painted glass, carved wood-work, and ancient monuments. To the N.W. of the town are the remains of an ancient castle, which was either built or repaired by Bishop Alex-
under in 1125. King John died here in 1216; Wolsey lodged here after his fall in 1530; and in the neighbourhood Charles I. surrendered himself to the Scotch commissioners in 1646. Newark has Wesleyan Methodist, Baptist, Independent, and other chapels; a town-hall, courthouse, several schools, and almshouses. A considerable trade is carried on in malt, flour, corn, wool, cattle, and coal; and the commerce of the river is facilitated by the wharves and warehouses which have been constructed here. A county court is held at Newark; and there are six annual cattle fairs. The borough returns two members to the House of Commons. Pop. (1851) 11,330.