MOHILEV, or Mohilev, capital of the above government, is situated on the E. bank of the Dnieper, 85 miles S.W. of Smolensk, and 110 E. by S. of Minsk. The town consists of four quarters, one of which, the Kremlin or citadel, is built on a hill. Two other quarters form the main body of the city, and are surrounded by ramparts; and the fourth quarter consists of a suburb. The houses are well built, partly of wood and partly of stone. Many of the streets are broad and well paved; and in the centre there is a large open space of an octagonal shape, surrounded by handsome stone buildings, one of which is the archbishop's palace. The town contains twenty churches, of which the greater number are Greek, but five are Roman Catholic and one Lutheran. Moghilev has also four convents, two theological colleges, two schools, and several benevolent institutions. The chief manufactures of the town are those of ironware, leather, and tobacco; and a considerable trade is carried on with Riga, Königsberg, Dantzic, and Odessa, in hemp, glass, leather, hides, corn, oil, wax, honey, &c. Raw salt is imported. The town is ancient, but the date of its foundation is not known. It is the seat of a Greek archbishop and of the Roman Catholic primate of Russia and Poland. Many of the nobility reside here. Pop. (1851) 16,558.