a fine city of Germany, in the circle of Westphalia and duchy of Juliers. All authors are agreed about its antiquity, it being mentioned in Caesar’s Commentaries and the Annals of Tacitus. The Romans had colonies and fortresses there, when they were at war with the Germans; but the mineral waters and the hot bath increased its fame, that, in process of time, it was advanced to the privileges of a city, by the name of Aquaegranii, that is, the waters of Granii; that which it has now, of Aix la Chapelle, was given it by the French, to distinguish it from the other Aix. It is so called, on account of a chapel built by Charlemagne in honour of the Holy Virgin. Having repaired, beautified, and enlarged the city, that was destroyed by the Huns, in the reign of Attila, in 451, he made it the usual place of his residence. The town is seated in a valley surrounded with mountains and woods, and yet the air is very wholesome. It may be divided into the inward and outward city. The inward is inclosed with a wall about three quarters of a league in circumference, having ten gates; and the outward wall, in which there are eleven gates, is about a league and a half in circumference. There are rivulets which run through the town and keep it very clean, turning several mills; besides twenty public fountains, and many private ones. They have stone-quarries in the neighbourhood, which furnish the inhabitants with proper materials for their magnificent buildings, of which the fladt-house and the cathedral are the chief. There are likewise thirty parochial or collegiate churches. The market-place is very spacious, and the houses round it lately. In the middle, before the fladt-house, is a fountain of blue stones, which throws out water, from six pipes, into a marble basin placed beneath, thirty feet in circumference. On the top of this fountain, is placed the statue of Charlemagne, of brass, gilt, holding a sceptre in his right hand, and a globe in his left. The fladt-house is adorned with the statues of all the emperors since Charlemagne. This fabric has three stories, the upper of which is one entire room, of 162 feet in length and 60 in breadth. In this the new-elected emperor formerly entertained all the electors of the empire.—Aix la Chapelle is a free imperial city, and changes its magistracy every year on the eve of St John Baptist. The mayor is in the nomination of the elector palatine, in the quality of the duke of Juliers, as protector of the city. This place is famous for several councils, and treaties of peace concluded here, particularly those between France and Spain in 1668, and between Great Britain. Britain and France in 1748. The baths have been frequented for several centuries, of which some are hot and some are warm. The principal are called the Emperor's Bath, the Bath of St. Cornille, the Bath of Roses, the Bath of St. Quirin, the Little Bath, and the Bath of the Poor, besides several others. The Emperor's Bath has the name of Charlemagne, who repaired it, and bathed very often in its waters; it is the finest and most commodious. The Little Bath receives its waters from the Emperor's Bath, and contains three bathing places. That of St. Quirin has particular springs, but its virtues are the same as the former. The Bath of St. Cornille is so called from the sign of the house where it is seated; it is only warm, and is divided into five different baths. The Bath of Roses, is so called from a citizen called John Rosen, who built it. The Poor's Bath is free for every one, and is frequented by crowds of poor people. The men bathe in distinct baths from the women, and even private baths are to be had for money. There are two springs in the lower part of the city, over one of which there is the statue of the Virgin Mary, and over the other that of Charlemagne. There are for drinking; and there are two pumps to raise up the waters. There are several galleries or piazzas, under which they walk during the time of drinking, to make them pass the more freely.—About a quarter of a league from Aix, stands the abbey of Borzet, or Burselet, which is a very magnificent pile of building. It was formerly a monastery; but serves for a nunnery, whose abbot is a prince of the empire, and lady of Borzet. The baths here are much hotter than at Aix la Chapelle: some of them are so hot, that they will boil eggs, which is frequently done by poor people; and if you throw in a dog, he will be killed in an instant. Therefore, here, as at Aix, the water must stand till it is of a proper coolness. You may bathe here at fourteen different houses; and there is likewise one open bath where the poor may bathe gratis. Near this place are several mines of lead, coal, and lapis calaminaris. The time of drinking the waters, in the first season, is from the beginning of May to the middle of June; and, in the latter season, from the middle of August to the latter end of September. They are said to be efficacious in almost all tedious chronic diseases, whether internal or of the skin, particularly in all disorders of the nerves, or in all cold diseases, and inward decays.—We need not to mention, that there are all kinds of amusements common to other places of public resort; but the sharpers appear more splendid here than elsewhere, affuming titles, with an equipage suitable to them.—Aix la Chapelle is 36 miles from Liege, and 30 from Cologne. E. Long. 5° 48'. N. Lat. 51° 55'.