commonly called *West-Chester*, to distinguish it from many other Chesters in the kingdom; the capital of Cheshire, in England. It is a very ancient city, supposed to have been founded by the Romans; and plainly appears to have been a Roman station by the many antiquities which have been and are still discovered in and about the town. It was among the last places the Romans quitted; and here the Britons maintained their liberty long after the Saxons had got possession of the rest of their country. At present it is a large well-built wealthy city, and carries on a considerable trade. Mr Pennant calls it "a city without parallel," on account of the singular structure of the four principal streets. They are as if excavated out of the earth, and sunk many feet beneath the surface: the carriages drive far beneath the level of the kitchens, on a line with ranges of shops. The houses are mostly of wood, with galleries, piazzas, and covered walls before them, by which not only the shops, but those who are walking about the town, are so hid, that one would imagine there were scarce any inhabitants in it, though it is very populous. But though by this contrivance, such as walk the streets are screened from rain, &c. yet the shops are thereby rendered dark and inconvenient. The back courts of all the houses are on a level with the ground; but to go into any of the four principal streets, it is necessary to descend a flight of several steps. W. Long. 3. o. N. Lat. 53° 12'.

**New-Chester**, a town of Pennsylvania in America, and capital of a county of that name. It is seated on the Delaware; and has a fine capacious harbour, admitting vessels of any burthen. W. Long. 74° 7'. N. Lat. 40° 15'.