(see Encycl.) or MELASSES, is a substance very wholesome, but of a taste disagreeably sweet. Methods have accordingly been proposed for purifying it, so as that it may, on many occasions, supply the place of refined sugar, which has long been at a price which a great number of poor persons cannot afford to pay for what must now be considered as a necessary of life. The following is the process for purifying treacle, given by the M. Cadet (Devaux) in the Feuille du Cultivateur, founded upon experiments made by Mr. Lowitz of Pittsburgh:

Take of treacle 24 lbs. of water 24 lbs. of charcoal, thoroughly burnt, 6 lbs. Bruise the charcoal grossly, mix the three substances in a caldron, and let the mixture boil gently upon a clear wood-fire. After it has boiled for half an hour, pour the liquor through a straining-bag, and then replace it upon the fire, that the superfluous water may be evaporated, and that the treacle may be brought to its original consistence. There is little or no loss by this operation, as 24 lbs. of treacle give nearly the same quantity of syrup.

This process has been repeated in the large way, and has succeeded: the treacle is sensibly ameliorated, so Trebisond, that it may be used for many dishes; nevertheless, those with milk, and the fine or aromatic liqueurs, are not near so good as with sugar.

Trebisond, a large, populous, and strong town of Turkey in Asia, in the province of Jenich, with a Greek archbishop's see, a harbour, and a castle. It is seated at the foot of a very steep hill. The walls are square and high, with battlements; and are built with the ruins of ancient structures, on which are inscriptions not legible. The town is not populous; for there are more woods and gardens in it than houses, and there but one story high. The castle is seated on a flat rock, with ditches cut therein. The harbour is at the east end of the town, and the mole built by the Genoese is almost destroyed. It stands on the Black Sea, 104 miles north-west of Erzerum, and 440 east of Constantinople. E. Long. 40° 25'. N. Lat. 40° 45'.