François-Sulpice. This eminent philosopher, born at Paris in 1789, was early distinguished for his skill in mineralogy, and his valuable labours in general physics and in geology. The work by which he established a European reputation was his Voyage Minéralogique et Géologique en Hongrie. It appeared in 1822, in 4 vols. 4to, the last of which consisted of geological maps, designs, and sections, that attest the care with which he examined that interesting country. This great work is divided into two parts. After an introduction on the geography, population, government, natural productions of Hungary, tables of latitudes and longitudes, of barometric determinations of the heights of its mountains, &c., the first two volumes contain what he terms Relation Historique, giving an admirable account of his various journeys, including the best extant description of its mines, mineralogy, and geology. The general disquisitions on these, however, are reserved for the second part; which he has judiciously thus separated from the thread of his narrative, and discussed with remarkable fairness and candour. He appears to have at first adopted the Wernerian classification of rocks, but those of Hungary he divides into primitive, intermediate, secondary, tertiary, and independent,—meaning by the last the formations, or, as he styles them, the terrains of trachytes and basalts; which form so conspicuous a feature in the geology of Hungary, and which he has distinctly proved to have an igneous origin; but his deductions are stated with considerable impartiality and modesty, qualities not always found in geological works.

Beudant was advantageously known also as a mechanical philosopher, as the sixth edition of his Traité Élémentaire de Physique of 1838 sufficiently shows. His excellent elementary work on mineralogy went through two editions before it was enlarged in his Cours Élémentaire de Minéralogie et de Géologie, 18mo, in 1841. The same year exhibits him also as a philologist in his Nouveaux Éléments de Grammaire Française, 12mo.

Besides these works, he enriched several periodicals by his numerous communications, as Annales de Chimie, vols. iv., viii., xiv., xvi., xxxi., xxxviii.; Annales du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle, vols. xvi., xvii.; Annales des Mines, vols. iii., xii.; and Mémoires de l'Académie des Sciences, vol. viii. Beudant died at Paris in 1852, in the sixty-fifth year of his age.

BEUTELSPACH, a town in the circle of Jaxt, kingdom of Würtemberg. It stands on the river Beutel, and is remarkable as containing the ancient monastery and church in which is the cemetery of the ducal house of Würtemberg. It contains 1900 inhabitants, chiefly employed in the manufacture of wine, which is of excellent quality.

BEUTHEN, two small towns in the Prussian province of Silesia. The one is capital of a circle of the same name in the government of Oppeln, and contains 6106 inhabitants, engaged in the manufacture of linen and woollen goods, and earthenware; the other is in the government of Liegnitz and circle of Freistadt, on the Oder, and has a population of 3824.