a city of Numidia, in the country of the Massylii, situated on a steep rock, and nearly encircled by the Rummel, a tributary of the Ampsaga. It was regarded by the Romans as the strongest position in Numidia, and was made by them the converging point of all their great military roads in that country. By the early emperors it was allowed to fall into decay, but was afterwards restored by Constantine, from whom it took the name of Constantina, which it still retains.

CISNEROS, FRANCISCO XIMENES DE. See XIMENES.