DJEBAIL, JEBAIL or GIBYLE (the ancient Byblus), a town of Syria, situated on an eminence near the sea at the foot of Lebanon, 30 miles S.W. of Tripoli. It is walled on the three sides towards the land, but open towards the sea, and is about a mile and a half in circuit. Nearly one-half of the space within the walls is occupied by gardens, and the population probably does not exceed 2000. It has an old castle built of stones of vast size, an old Maronite church, and a mosque. Its artificial harbour was destroyed during the time of the crusades. "The land of the Giblites," with "all Lebanon," was assigned to the Israelites by the original appointment; but it does not seem that they ever had possession of it. It was celebrated for the birth and worship of Thammuz, the Syrian Adonis. Djebail was taken possession of by the crusaders in 1100, and, after some vicissitudes, remained subject to them during their sway in the East.

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1 Lord Brougham says, in Warrender v. Warrender (2 Cl. & Finn. 540):—"The resolution in Leake's case was that an English marriage could not be dissolved by any proceeding in the courts of any other country for English purposes; in other words, that the courts of this country will not recognise the validity of a Scotch divorce, but will hold the divorced wife dowable of an English estate, the divorced husband tenant thereof by the marriage, and either party guilty of felony by contracting a second marriage in England. Upon the Scotch law, the courts of Scotland, in Scotland, and for Scotch purposes, the judges gave and indeed could give no opinion, and as there could be nothing legally impossible in a marriage being good in one country which was prohibited by the law of another, so if the conflict of the Scotch and English law be complete and irreconcilable, there is nothing legally impossible in a divorce being valid in the one country which the courts of the other may hold to be a nullity." Lord Lyndhurst, in his judgment in the same case, says:—"It must be admitted that the legal principles and decisions in England and Scotland stand in strange and anomalous conflict on this important subject. As the laws of both now stand, it would appear that Sir G. Warrender may have two wives; having been divorced in Scotland he may again marry in that country, he may live with one wife in Scotland most lawfully, and with the other most unlawfully in England; but only bring him across the border, his English wife may proceed against him in the English courts, either for restitution of conjugal rights, or for adultery committed against the duties and obligations of the marriage solemnised in England; again, send him to Scotland, and his Scottish wife may proceed against him in Scotland for breach of promise of contract entered into with her in that country. Other various and striking points of anomaly, alluded to by my noble and learned friend, are also obvious in the existing state of the laws in both countries; but however individually grievous they may be, or however apparently clashing in their principles, it is our duty as a Court of Appeal to decide each case that comes before us according to the law of the particular country whence it originated, and according to which it claims our consideration, leaving it to the wisdom of parliament to adjust the anomaly, or get rid of the discrepancy, by improved legislation."