now the Kizil Irmak, or Red River, the largest stream in Asia Minor, rises in Pontus, not far from Nicopolis. Traversing in a S.W. direction the south of Pontus and the north of Cappadocia, it reaches the Mons Argaeus. It there turns to the north, traverses Galatia in a N.W. course as far as the town of Gangra on the frontier of Paphlagonia. Passing Gangra, the river flows in a N.E. direction into the Euxine Sea, separating Galatia and Pontus from Paphlagonia. Its mouth is about 50 miles distant from Sinope. As the Halys was by far the largest river in Asia Minor, a common division of that country was Asia cis-Halym and Asia trans-Halyn. The whole length of the river is about 500 miles, but it is not well adapted for regular navigation by ships of any considerable size. In summer, indeed, it is so shallow that it may be crossed in almost any part of its course by wading. When swollen by the rains it brings down large quantities of alluvial soil, which discolours the waters of the Black Sea for 6 or 7 miles from the embouchure. A considerable delta has in this way been formed at the mouth of the river.