a town of Hindustan, and the principal place of the district of the same name. It is situated at the foot of a range of hills on the south bank of the River Ganges. The town consists of handsome European houses and native habitations, with clusters of Hindu temples crowding the banks of the Ganges, and making a lively appearance when seen from the river. It is one of the greatest inland trading towns in Hindustan, and the depot of all the cotton from Agra and the Mahatta countries. It has also an extensive manufacture of carpets and some iron-works. Several opulent merchants and indigo planters, both native and European, reside in the town and its vicinity. The travelling distance from Benares is 30 miles. The East India Railway from Calcutta to Delhi passes by this town. E. Long. 82. 38., N. Lat. 25. 6.

The district of which this city is the capital has an area of 5235 square miles, with a population of 831,388, most of whom are Hindus, the Mohammedans being comparatively few. A portion of the tract was ceded to the East India Company by the Vizier of Oudh in 1775, and the remainder in 1801.