a town of Persia, about 40 miles from the mouth of the Euphrates, is situated on the left side of that river at its point of bifurcation before entering the Persian Gulf. The position of this town affords great advantages in a commercial point of view, as it communicates by means of an artificial channel with the Karun, and thereby with the fertile regions of Khuzistan to the N.E., while by the Euphrates it is connected with Basrah, Hillab, and Baghdad on the one hand, and with the sea on the other. The merchants of Mohammerah are intelligent and enterprising men; and the place will soon, it is probable, become one of the most important towns on the Euphrates. The climate, however, is excessively hot, and owing to the moist and marshy nature of the country, extremely unhealthy. A colony was founded near the site of the modern Mohammerah by Alexander the Great, under the name of Alexandria; and the adjacent district was called by him Pellaean, after his native city of Pella. This town having been destroyed by a flood, was restored by Antiochus Epiphanes, and named by him Antiochia. It was afterwards taken possession of by an Arab chief called Spasines, from whom it obtained the name of Charax Spasinu, and the district that of Characene. It was evidently at that time much nearer to the sea than at present, a circumstance which confirms the opinions of several recent travellers in this region, that the delta of the Euphrates is encroaching on the sea with unusual rapidity. Mohammerah was long an object of contention between Turkey and Persia, until it was finally ruled by a commission, instituted by the two governments in recent years, that it should adhere to Persia. During the British-Persian war of 1857 the town was bombarded and taken by the British under Sir James Outram on the 26th of March, but shortly after evacuated by them according to the treaty between the two governments signed at Paris. The frontier between the two countries, according to law, is, that the land watered by the Euphrates, excepting that about Mohammerah, should belong to Turkey, and that watered by the Karun to Persia.