an ancient city on the right bank of the Euphrates, about 24 miles W. of its confluence with the Chaboras. There can be no doubt that it was identical with the place mentioned as Tiphshah in the Old Testament (1 Kings, iv. 24); and the Hebrew name derived from a word meaning to pass over, was given to it probably as being the lowest ford of the Euphrates. It was a place of much trade, occupying a position nearly midway between Babylon and Tyre; and it was also a military position of great importance. It was here that the younger Cyrus, and afterwards Alexander the Great, crossed the Euphrates. Tiphshah was subject to the Hebrews in the time of Solomon, and was the most easterly part of that monarch's dominions. The Arabian village of Deir probably occupies the site of Thapsacus.