Mara, Ontario (1861 census)
Mara was a census subdivision in Ontario County, Ontario, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 1,965. The administrative centroid was at approximately 44.581°N, 79.234°W.
Population
In 1861, Mara had a population of 1,965: 1,055 male and 910 female residents. Population density was 14.8 people per square mile.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1861 | 1,965 |
| 1871 | 2,697 |
| 1881 | 3,237 |
| 1891 | 3,152 |
| 1901 | 2,921 |
| 1911 | 2,871 |
| 1921 | 2,468 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Boundary continuity (non-identical overlaps)
Spatial polygon overlaps with adjacent census years where the boundary shifted enough that the SAME_AS chain didn't merge them. These show where the territory came from and went to even when it isn't tracked as the same persistent place.
Earlier boundary forms
- In an earlier year, this CSD was contained in Mara & Rama, 1851 (62.4% share).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861
In the 1861 census, Mara shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1861
The 1861 census recorded 316 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 8 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (24 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Female members of the family who are present | 885 |
| Females present who are not members of the family | 25 |
| Male members of the family who are present | 1,032 |
| Males present who are not members of the family | 23 |
| Number of adult females unable to read or write | 92 |
| Number of adult males unable to read or write | 113 |
| Number of deaf and dumb females | 1 |
| Number of female births in the past year | 29 |
| Number of females | 910 |
| Number of females attending school | 175 |
| Number of male births in the past year | 45 |
| Number of males | 1,055 |
| Number of males attending school | 206 |
| Number of married females | 257 |
| Number of married males | 293 |
| Number of single females | 616 |
| Number of single males | 748 |
| Number of widowed females | 37 |
| Number of widowed males | 14 |
| POP FX N.1 | 910 |
| POP MX N.1 | 1,055 |
| POP TOT | 1,965 |
| POP XX N.1 | 1,965 |
| Total population | 1,965 |
Age structure (54 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of females age 3 to 4 | 35 |
| Number of females aged 1 to 2 | 30 |
| Number of females aged 2 to 3 | 33 |
| Number of females aged 4 to 5 | 31 |
| Number of females aged 5 to 10 | 113 |
| Number of females of unknown age | 5 |
| Number of males aged 1 to 2 | 34 |
| Number of males aged 2 to 3 | 43 |
| Number of males aged 3 to 4 | 33 |
| Number of males aged 4 to 5 | 23 |
| Number of males aged 5 to 10 | 148 |
| Number of males of unknown age | 1 |
| Number of married females aged 15 to 20 | 4 |
| Number of married females aged 20 to 30 | 66 |
| Number of married females aged 30 to 40 | 77 |
| Number of married females aged 40 to 50 | 54 |
| Number of married females aged 50 to 60 | 33 |
| Number of married females aged 60 to 70 | 19 |
| Number of married females aged 70 to 80 | 4 |
| Number of married males aged 20 to 30 | 41 |
| Number of married males aged 30 to 40 | 78 |
| Number of married males aged 40 to 50 | 80 |
| Number of married males aged 50 to 60 | 53 |
| Number of married males aged 60 to 70 | 33 |
| Number of married males aged 70 to 80 | 6 |
| Number of married males aged 80 to 90 | 2 |
| Number of single females aged 10 to 15 | 125 |
| Number of single females aged 15 to 20 | 108 |
| Number of single females aged 20 to 30 | 74 |
| Number of single females aged 30 to 40 | 16 |
| Number of single females aged 40 to 50 | 6 |
| Number of single females aged 50 to 60 | 5 |
| Number of single females aged 60 to 70 | 5 |
| Number of single females aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Number of single males aged 10 to 15 | 142 |
| Number of single males aged 15 to 20 | 115 |
| Number of single males aged 20 to 30 | 120 |
| Number of single males aged 30 to 40 | 28 |
| Number of single males aged 40 to 50 | 6 |
| Number of single males aged 50 to 60 | 4 |
| Number of single males aged 60 to 70 | 3 |
| Number of single males aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Number of single males aged 80 to 90 | 2 |
| Number of widowed females aged 20 to 30 | 1 |
| Number of widowed females aged 30 to 40 | 1 |
| Number of widowed females aged 40 to 50 | 5 |
| Number of widowed females aged 50 to 60 | 7 |
| Number of widowed females aged 60 to 70 | 9 |
| Number of widowed females aged 70 to 80 | 13 |
| Number of widowed females aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of widowed males aged 40 to 50 | 2 |
| Number of widowed males aged 50 to 60 | 7 |
| Number of widowed males aged 60 to 70 | 2 |
| Number of widowed males aged 70 to 80 | 3 |
Ethnic origin (10 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of French Canadians | 35 |
| Number of persons native to Canada, not of French origin | 1,079 |
| Number of persons originating in England or Wales | 66 |
| Number of persons originating in Germany or Holland | 10 |
| Number of persons originating in Ireland | 388 |
| Number of persons originating in Nova Scotia or Prince Edward Island | 2 |
| Number of persons originating in Scotland | 366 |
| Number of persons originating in the East Indies | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in the United States | 16 |
| Number of persons originating in the West Indies | 2 |
Agriculture (70 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of barley | 22 |
| Acres of buckwheat | 3 |
| Acres of corn | 2 |
| Acres of farmland held by townspeople who are not farmers | 181 |
| Acres of farmland in gardens | 9 |
| Acres of farmland in pasture | 2,645 |
| Acres of farmland in woodland or forest | 12,298 |
| Acres of farmland under crops | 7,172 |
| Acres of farmland under cultivation | 9,826 |
| Acres of land in farms | 22,124 |
| Acres of oats | 948 |
| Acres of peas | 476 |
| Acres of potatoes | 320 |
| Acres of spring wheat | 1,373 |
| Acres of turnips | 165 |
| Acres of winter wheat | 52 |
| Barrels of beef produced in the past year | 34 |
| Barrels of pork produced in the past year | 224 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 556 |
| Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year | 90 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 65 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 29,369 |
| Bushels of peas produced in the past year | 8,822 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 35,375 |
| Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year | 32,435 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 25,852 |
| Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year | 1,045 |
| C18 WHT FALL AC | 52 |
| C19 WHT FALL BU | 1,045 |
| C20 WHT SP AC | 1,373 |
| C21 WHT SP BU | 32,435 |
| C22 BAR AC | 22 |
| C23 BAR BU | 556 |
| C26 PEA AC | 476 |
| C27 PEA BU | 8,822 |
| C28 OAT AC | 948 |
| C29 OAT BU | 29,369 |
| C30 BWT AC | 3 |
| C31 BWT BU | 90 |
| C34 POT AC | 320 |
| C35 POT BU | 35,375 |
| C43 HAY TONS | 784 |
| C47 WOOL LBS | 1,751 |
| C63 BEEF BAR | 34 |
| C64 PORK BAR | 224 |
| HRS ov03 V | 9,222 |
| Number of bulls, oxen, or steers | 193 |
| Number of calves and heifers | 471 |
| Number of horses aged 3 years and under | 58 |
| Number of horses aged over 3 years | 142 |
| Number of milk cows | 394 |
| Number of occupants of farms | 232 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres | 6 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres | 138 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres | 7 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres | 77 |
| Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres | 2 |
| Number of persons living on farms under 10 acres | 2 |
| Number of sheep | 685 |
| Number of swine | 811 |
| Pounds of cheese produced on farms in the past year | 545 |
| Pounds of flax or hemp produced in the past year | 70 |
| Pounds of homemade butter | 16,510 |
| Pounds of hops produced in the past year | 92 |
| Pounds of maple sugar produced in the past year | 5,604 |
| Pounds of wool produced on farms in the past year | 1,751 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 784 |
| Value of all livestock | 34,365 |
| Value of farm implements in dollars | 10,007 |
| Value of farms (dollars) | 237,247 |
Manufacturing & industry (5 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of carriages for pleasure | 15 |
| Value of carriages for pleasure (dollars) | 585 |
| Yards of flannel produced in the past year | 1,156 |
| Yards of fulled cloth produced in the past year | 483 |
| Yards of linen produced in the past year | 82 |
Fisheries (1 variable)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Barrels of salted fish sold in the past year | 9 |
Deaths & mortality (12 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 60 to 70 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of all ages | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among females under age 1 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 1 to 2 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 20 to 30 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 30 to 40 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 60 to 70 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 90 to 100 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of all ages | 10 |
| Deaths in the past year among males under age 1 | 4 |
| Total number of deaths in the past year | 13 |
Other recorded variables (140 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| C01 TOTAL | 232 |
| C02 OCC UNDR 10 | 2 |
| C03 OCC 10 TO 20 | 6 |
| C04 OCC 20 TO 50 | 7 |
| C05 OCC 50 TO 100 | 77 |
| C06 OCC 100 TO 200 | 138 |
| C07 OCC OVR 200 | 2 |
| C08 HELD | 22,124 |
| C09 UNDR CULT | 9,826 |
| C1 Males | 1,055 |
| C10 Deaths under 1 year M | 4 |
| C10 UNDR CROP | 7,172 |
| C106 Between 90 and 100 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C11 Deaths under 1 year F | 1 |
| C11 UNDR PAST | 2,645 |
| C116 Ages not given M | 1 |
| C117 Ages not given F | 5 |
| C12 GARDENS | 9 |
| C12 Under 2 Years M | 34 |
| C120 Married M | 293 |
| C121 Single M | 748 |
| C122 Widowed M | 14 |
| C123 Total M | 1,055 |
| C124 Married F | 257 |
| C125 Single F | 616 |
| C126 Widows F | 37 |
| C127 Total F | 910 |
| C128 Grand Total | 1,965 |
| C129 Deaths M | 10 |
| C13 Under 2 Years F | 30 |
| C13 WOOD WILD | 12,298 |
| C130 Deaths F | 3 |
| C131 Deaths Total | 13 |
| C136 Attending School M | 206 |
| C137 Attending School F | 175 |
| C138 Adults unable to read or write M | 113 |
| C139 Adults unable to read or write F | 92 |
| C14 CASH FARM | 237,247 |
| C14 Deaths under 2 years M | 1 |
| C141 Deaf and Dumb F | 1 |
| C15 CASH IMP | 10,007 |
| C16 Under 3 years M | 43 |
| C17 LAND HELD | 181 |
| C17 Under 3 years F | 33 |
| C2 Females | 910 |
| C20 Under 4 years M | 33 |
| C21 Under 4 years F | 35 |
| C24 Under 5 years M | 23 |
| C25 Under 5 years F | 31 |
| C28 Between 5 and 10 Years M | 148 |
| C29 Between 5 and 10 years F | 113 |
| C3 Total | 1,965 |
| C32 INDN CRN AC | 2 |
| C33 Between 10 and 15 years Single M | 142 |
| C33 INDN CRN BU | 65 |
| C35 Between 10 and 15 years Single F | 125 |
| C36 TUR AC | 165 |
| C37 TUR BU | 25,852 |
| C39 Between 15 and 20 years Single M | 115 |
| C4 Members of Family M | 1,032 |
| C40 Between 15 and 20 years Married F | 4 |
| C41 Between 15 and 20 years Single F | 108 |
| C44 Between 20 and 30 years Married M | 41 |
| C44 HOP LBS | 92 |
| C45 Between 20 and 30 years Single M | 120 |
| C45 MPL SGR LBS | 5,604 |
| C47 Between 20 and 30 years Married F | 66 |
| C48 Between 20 and 30 years Single F | 74 |
| C48 FLLD CLOTH YRDS | 483 |
| C49 Between 20 and 30 years Widows F | 1 |
| C49 FLAN YRDS | 1,156 |
| C5 Members of Family F | 885 |
| C50 Between 20 and 30 years Deaths M | 2 |
| C50 FLX HEM LBS | 70 |
| C51 LIN YRDS | 82 |
| C52 Between 30 and 40 years Married M | 78 |
| C52 BULLS OX STEERS | 193 |
| C53 Between 30 and 40 years Single M | 28 |
| C53 MILK COWS | 394 |
| C54 CALVES HEIFERS | 471 |
| C55 Between 30 and 40 years Married F | 77 |
| C55 HORSES | 142 |
| C56 Between 30 and 40 years Single F | 16 |
| C56 HORSES VAL | 9,222 |
| C57 Between 30 and 40 years Widows F | 1 |
| C57 COLTS FILLIES | 58 |
| C58 Between 30 and 40 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C58 SHEEP | 685 |
| C59 SWINE | 811 |
| C6 Not Members of Family M | 23 |
| C60 Between 40 and 50 years Married M | 80 |
| C60 TOT VALUE | 34,365 |
| C61 Between 40 and 50 years Single M | 6 |
| C61 BUTTER LB | 16,510 |
| C62 Between 40 and 50 years Widowers M | 2 |
| C62 CHEESE LB | 545 |
| C63 Between 40 and 50 years Married F | 54 |
| C64 Between 40 and 50 years Single F | 6 |
| C65 Between 40 and 50 years Widows F | 5 |
| C66 FISH SALTED | 9 |
| C68 Between 50 and 60 years Married M | 53 |
| C68 CAR PLEASURE | 15 |
| C69 Between 50 and 60 years Single M | 4 |
| C69 VALUE DOL P | 585 |
| C7 Not Members of Family F | 25 |
| C70 Between 50 and 60 years Widowers M | 7 |
| C71 Between 50 and 60 years Married F | 33 |
| C72 Between 50 and 60 years Single F | 5 |
| C73 Between 50 and 60 years Widows F | 7 |
| C76 Between 60 and 70 years Married M | 33 |
| C77 Between 60 and 70 years Single M | 3 |
| C78 Between 60 and 70 years Widowers M | 2 |
| C79 Between 60 and 70 years Married F | 19 |
| C8 Births in 1860 M | 45 |
| C80 Between 60 and 70 years Single F | 5 |
| C81 Between 60 and 70 years Widows F | 9 |
| C82 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C83 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths F | 1 |
| C84 Between 70 and 80 years Married M | 6 |
| C85 Between 70 and 80 years Single M | 1 |
| C86 Between 70 and 80 years Widowers M | 3 |
| C87 Between 70 and 80 years Married F | 4 |
| C88 Between 70 and 80 years Single F | 1 |
| C89 Between 70 and 80 years Widows F | 13 |
| C9 Births in 1860 F | 29 |
| C91 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths F | 1 |
| C92 Between 80 and 90 years Married M | 2 |
| C93 Between 80 and 90 years Single M | 2 |
| C97 Between 80 and 90 years Widows F | 1 |
| CD NAME | Ontario |
| East Indies | 1 |
| England and Wales | 66 |
| Ireland | 388 |
| Natives of Canada French Origin | 35 |
| Natives of Canada Not of French Origin | 1,079 |
| Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island | 2 |
| Prussia German States and Holland | 10 |
| Scotland | 366 |
| United States | 16 |
| West Indies | 2 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
ON089002— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_ON133002— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Mara, Ontario (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/mara-on089002-1861/.