Oxford, Ontario (1851 census)

Oxford was a census subdivision in Ontario, recorded in the 1851 Census of Canada with a population of 4,496. The administrative centroid was at approximately 44.953°N, 75.677°W.

Population

In 1851, Oxford had a population of 4,496: 2,326 male and 2,170 female residents.

Population trajectory across census years

Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).

Boundary continuity (non-identical overlaps)

Spatial polygon overlaps with adjacent census years where the boundary shifted enough that the SAME_AS chain didn't merge them. These show where the territory came from and went to even when it isn't tracked as the same persistent place.

Later boundary forms

• In a later year, this CSD contained Kemptville, VL, 1861 (0.9% of this CSD's polygon).

Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1851

In the 1851 census, Oxford shared boundaries with:

• Augusta
• Edwardsburg
• Gower N
• Gower, South
• Marlborough
• Wolfred

Full census record, 1851

The 1851 census recorded 206 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 7 categories.

Population & families (1851). This community's record includes 4,496 total population, 2,326 males, Male members of the family who are present: 2,192, 2,170 females, Female members of the family who are present: 2,052, 1,563 single males, 1,416 single females, 732 families, 718 married males, 697 married females, 441 males attending school, 393 females attending school, Males present who are not members of the family: 134, Females present who are not members of the family: 118, 115 male births, 102 female births, 57 widowed females, 45 widowed males, Male members of the family who are present: 36, Female members of the family who are absent: 10, 5 lunatic females, 1 blind females, 1 deaf and dumb females, 1 lunatic males, 1 persons at sea. (Source: 1851 Census of Canada, V1T1; V1T3.)

Age structure (1851). This community's record includes 378 females aged 5 to 10, 349 males aged 5 to 10, 337 single males aged 10 to 15, 277 single females aged 10 to 15, 271 married females aged 20 to 30, 220 single males aged 15 to 20, 219 single females aged 15 to 20, 216 married males aged 30 to 40, 204 married females aged 30 to 40, 187 married males aged 40 to 50, 170 married males aged 20 to 30, 166 single males aged 20 to 30, 123 married females aged 40 to 50, 112 males under age 1, 103 males aged 2 to 3, 98 females under age 1, 96 females aged 4 to 5, 94 married males aged 50 to 60, 91 females aged 1 to 2, 91 single females aged 20 to 30, 88 males aged 1 to 2, 82 males aged 3 to 4, 80 males aged 4 to 5, 79 females aged 2 to 3, 67 females age 3 to 4, 49 married females aged 50 to 60, 36 married males aged 60 to 70, 26 married females aged 60 to 70, 20 married females aged 15 to 20, 14 widowed males aged 50 to 60, 13 single males aged 30 to 40, 12 widowed females aged 60 to 70, 12 widowed males aged 70 to 80, 11 married males aged 70 to 80, 11 widowed females aged 40 to 50, 11 widowed females aged 50 to 60, 10 widowed females aged 20 to 30, 10 widowed females aged 30 to 40, 8 single females aged 40 to 50, 8 widowed males aged 40 to 50, 7 males of unknown age, 7 widowed males aged 60 to 70, 6 single females aged 30 to 40, 4 married females aged 70 to 80, 4 married males aged 80 to 90, 4 single females aged 50 to 60, 4 widowed males aged 20 to 30, 3 single males aged 50 to 60, 3 widowed females aged 70 to 80, 2 single males aged 40 to 50, 1 single females aged 60 to 70, 1 single females aged 70 to 80, 1 single males aged 60 to 70. (Source: 1851 Census of Canada, V1T3.)

Ethnic origin (1851). This community's record includes 2,796 persons native to Canada, not of French origin, 1,259 persons originating in Ireland, 173 persons originating in the United States, 135 persons originating in England or Wales, 101 persons originating in Scotland, 30 French Canadians, 24 Indigenous persons, 12 female negroes or coloured persons, 12 male negroes or coloured persons, 1 persons originating in Newfoundland. (Source: 1851 Census of Canada, V1T1; V1T3.)

Agriculture (1851). This community's record includes 92,926 pounds of homemade butter, 43,489 acres of land in farms, 43,410 bushels of potatoes, 37,145 bushels of oats, 29,353 bushels of wheat, 28,666 acres of farmland in woodland or forest, 14,823 acres of farmland under cultivation, 10,903 pounds of wool produced on farms, 10,178 acres of farmland under crops, 7,636 bushels of corn, 7,244 pounds of maple sugar, 5,154 bushels of buckwheat, 4,555 acres of farmland in pasture, 4,441 pounds of cheese produced on farms, 4,061 sheep, 3,359 bushels of rye, 3,238 bushels of peas, 3,155 bushels of turnips, 3,016 tons of hay, 2,300 acres of wheat, 1,729 acres of oats, 1,659 swine, 1,311 milk cows, 1,220 calves and heifers, 1,023 pounds of flax or hemp, 950 bushels of barley, 877 horses, 858 barrels of pork, 623 bulls, oxen, or steers, 610 occupants of farms, 598 acres of potatoes, 481 acres of buckwheat, 399 acres of corn, 307 bushels of carrots, 286 acres of rye, 266 acres of peas, 243 persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres, 240 barrels of beef, 155 bushels of beans, 142 persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres, 135 persons living on farms under 10 acres, 97 bushels of mangel wurtzel, 90 acres of farmland in gardens or orchards, 82 bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed, 76 persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres, 57 acres of barley, 43 pounds of hops, 18 acres of turnips, 14 persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres. (Source: 1851 Census of Canada, V2T6.)

Manufacturing & industry (1851). This community's record includes 7,778 yards of flannel, $4,350 value capital returned by grist mills (pounds sterling), 3,712 yards of fulled cloth, 2,500 gallons of beer produced in breweries, $2,300 value capital returned by saw mills (pounds sterling), $1,200 value iron produced in foundries in the past year (pounds sterling), 750 yards of cloth produced in carding and fulling mills, 700 distilleries returning capital, 550 tanneries returning capital, 475 carding and fulling mills returning capital, $475 value annual production or rent from grist mills (pounds sterling), $450 value annual production or rent from saw mills (pounds sterling), 400 breweries returning capital, 200 foundries returning capital, 27 employees in saw mills, 19 yards of linen, 10 employees in grist mills, 8 employees in foundries, 6 saw mills, 6 saw mills powered by water, 5 grist mills, 5 grist mills powered by water, 5 grist mills returning capital, 5 saw mills reporting value of annual production or rent, 5 saw mills returning capital, 4 employees in carding and fulling mills, 4 employees in tanneries, 4 grist mills reporting value of annual production or rent, 4 tanneries, 3 employees in breweries, 3 employees in distilleries, 3 tanneries reporting, 2 carding and fulling mills, 2 carding and fulling mills reporting, 1 breweries, 1 breweries reporting, 1 distilleries, 1 distilleries reporting, 1 foundries, 1 foundries reporting, 1 grist mills not reporting, 1 saw mills not reporting, 1 tanneries not reporting. $375 value leather produced in tanneries in the past year (pounds sterling). (Source: 1851 Census of Canada, V2T6; V2T7.) The 1851 enumerator also recorded 13,959 gallons of liquor produced in distilleries — single-county tallies of limited cross-year comparability.

Fisheries (1851). This community's record includes 2 barrels of cured fish. (Source: 1851 Census of Canada, V2T6.)

Deaths & mortality (1851). This community's record includes 32 total number of deaths, Deaths in the past year among females of all ages: 19, Deaths in the past year among males of all ages: 13, Deaths in the past year among females aged 50 to 60: 4, Deaths in the past year among females under age 1: 4, Deaths in the past year among males aged 1 to 2: 3, Deaths in the past year among males under age 1: 3, Deaths in the past year among females aged 10 to 15: 2, Deaths in the past year among females aged 3 to 4: 2, Deaths in the past year among females of unknown age: 2, Deaths in the past year among males aged 5 to 10: 2, Deaths in the past year among females aged 1 to 2: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 15 to 20: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 2 to 3: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 20 to 30: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 30 to 40: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 4 to 5: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 5 to 10: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 10 to 15: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 2 to 3: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 40 to 50: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 60 to 70: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 80 to 90: 1. (Source: 1851 Census of Canada, V1T3.)

People with Dictionary of Canadian Biography entries

The Dictionary of Canadian Biography includes biographies of 2 people connected to this place who were alive in 1851, listed below by birth year. Each name links to that person's DCB entry.

Identifiers

• TCP UID: ON012004 — year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file
• Persistent place ID: PLACE_ON113004 — computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years
• Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.

Sources

Census tabulations from the 1851 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.

Cite this page

Clifford, J. (2026). "Oxford, Ontario (1851 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/oxford-on012004-1851/.