Pence, Ontario (1861 census)
Pence was a census subdivision in Bruce County, Ontario, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 2,250. The administrative centroid was at approximately 44.305°N, 81.454°W.
Population
In 1861, Pence had a population of 2,250: 1,189 male and 1,061 female residents. Population density was 19.3 people per square mile.
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861
In the 1861 census, Pence shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1861
The 1861 census recorded 314 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 8 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (25 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Female members of the family who are present | 1,001 |
| Females present who are not members of the family | 60 |
| Male members of the family who are present | 1,132 |
| Males present who are not members of the family | 57 |
| Number of adult females unable to read or write | 57 |
| Number of adult males unable to read or write | 47 |
| Number of female births in the past year | 50 |
| Number of females | 1,061 |
| Number of females attending school | 168 |
| Number of lunatic females | 3 |
| Number of lunatic males | 1 |
| Number of male births in the past year | 56 |
| Number of males | 1,189 |
| Number of males attending school | 217 |
| Number of married females | 338 |
| Number of married males | 346 |
| Number of single females | 677 |
| Number of single males | 812 |
| Number of widowed females | 46 |
| Number of widowed males | 31 |
| POP FX N.1 | 1,061 |
| POP MX N.1 | 1,189 |
| POP TOT | 2,250 |
| POP XX N.1 | 2,250 |
| Total population | 2,250 |
Age structure (51 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of females age 3 to 4 | 38 |
| Number of females aged 1 to 2 | 39 |
| Number of females aged 2 to 3 | 40 |
| Number of females aged 4 to 5 | 29 |
| Number of females aged 5 to 10 | 141 |
| Number of males aged 1 to 2 | 44 |
| Number of males aged 2 to 3 | 47 |
| Number of males aged 3 to 4 | 39 |
| Number of males aged 4 to 5 | 35 |
| Number of males aged 5 to 10 | 163 |
| Number of married females aged 15 to 20 | 17 |
| Number of married females aged 20 to 30 | 136 |
| Number of married females aged 30 to 40 | 104 |
| Number of married females aged 40 to 50 | 50 |
| Number of married females aged 50 to 60 | 20 |
| Number of married females aged 60 to 70 | 7 |
| Number of married females aged 70 to 80 | 2 |
| Number of married females aged 80 to 90 | 2 |
| Number of married males aged 20 to 30 | 99 |
| Number of married males aged 30 to 40 | 137 |
| Number of married males aged 40 to 50 | 63 |
| Number of married males aged 50 to 60 | 36 |
| Number of married males aged 60 to 70 | 8 |
| Number of married males aged 70 to 80 | 2 |
| Number of married males aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of single females aged 10 to 15 | 144 |
| Number of single females aged 15 to 20 | 116 |
| Number of single females aged 20 to 30 | 70 |
| Number of single females aged 30 to 40 | 7 |
| Number of single females aged 40 to 50 | 1 |
| Number of single females aged 50 to 60 | 1 |
| Number of single females aged 60 to 70 | 1 |
| Number of single males aged 10 to 15 | 148 |
| Number of single males aged 15 to 20 | 128 |
| Number of single males aged 20 to 30 | 121 |
| Number of single males aged 30 to 40 | 25 |
| Number of single males aged 40 to 50 | 4 |
| Number of single males aged 50 to 60 | 1 |
| Number of single males aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Number of widowed females aged 20 to 30 | 5 |
| Number of widowed females aged 30 to 40 | 18 |
| Number of widowed females aged 40 to 50 | 4 |
| Number of widowed females aged 50 to 60 | 9 |
| Number of widowed females aged 60 to 70 | 7 |
| Number of widowed females aged 70 to 80 | 3 |
| Number of widowed males aged 20 to 30 | 3 |
| Number of widowed males aged 30 to 40 | 8 |
| Number of widowed males aged 40 to 50 | 8 |
| Number of widowed males aged 50 to 60 | 4 |
| Number of widowed males aged 60 to 70 | 5 |
| Number of widowed males aged 70 to 80 | 3 |
Ethnic origin (10 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of persons native to Canada, not of French origin | 1,161 |
| Number of persons originating in England or Wales | 64 |
| Number of persons originating in Germany or Holland | 10 |
| Number of persons originating in Guernsey, Jersey, or other British islands | 3 |
| Number of persons originating in Ireland | 73 |
| Number of persons originating in Nova Scotia or Prince Edward Island | 127 |
| Number of persons originating in Scotland | 801 |
| Number of persons originating in Spain or Portugal | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in Switzerland | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in the United States | 9 |
Agriculture (69 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of barley | 43 |
| Acres of corn | 5 |
| Acres of farmland held by townspeople who are not farmers | 251 |
| Acres of farmland in gardens | 38 |
| Acres of farmland in pasture | 1,196 |
| Acres of farmland in woodland or forest | 35,546 |
| Acres of farmland under crops | 6,831 |
| Acres of farmland under cultivation | 8,065 |
| Acres of land in farms | 43,611 |
| Acres of oats | 635 |
| Acres of peas | 228 |
| Acres of potatoes | 308 |
| Acres of spring wheat | 2,376 |
| Acres of turnips | 208 |
| Acres of winter wheat | 205 |
| Barrels of beef produced in the past year | 127 |
| Barrels of pork produced in the past year | 371 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 891 |
| Bushels of beans produced in the past year | 5 |
| Bushels of carrots produced in the past year | 149 |
| Bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed produced in the past year | 36 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 77 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 15,093 |
| Bushels of peas produced in the past year | 3,948 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 35,359 |
| Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year | 41,216 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 31,726 |
| Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year | 4,958 |
| C18 WHT FALL AC | 205 |
| C19 WHT FALL BU | 4,958 |
| C20 WHT SP AC | 2,376 |
| C21 WHT SP BU | 41,216 |
| C22 BAR AC | 43 |
| C23 BAR BU | 891 |
| C26 PEA AC | 228 |
| C27 PEA BU | 3,948 |
| C28 OAT AC | 635 |
| C29 OAT BU | 15,093 |
| C34 POT AC | 308 |
| C35 POT BU | 35,359 |
| C43 HAY TONS | 1,132 |
| C47 WOOL LBS | 2,558 |
| C63 BEEF BAR | 127 |
| C64 PORK BAR | 371 |
| HRS ov03 V | 6,386 |
| Number of bulls, oxen, or steers | 546 |
| Number of calves and heifers | 959 |
| Number of horses aged 3 years and under | 40 |
| Number of horses aged over 3 years | 86 |
| Number of milk cows | 677 |
| Number of occupants of farms | 371 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres | 1 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres | 85 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres | 28 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres | 252 |
| Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres | 5 |
| Number of sheep | 915 |
| Number of swine | 1,271 |
| Pounds of cheese produced on farms in the past year | 2,750 |
| Pounds of flax or hemp produced in the past year | 220 |
| Pounds of homemade butter | 28,136 |
| Pounds of hops produced in the past year | 98 |
| Pounds of maple sugar produced in the past year | 8,071 |
| Pounds of wool produced on farms in the past year | 2,558 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 1,132 |
| Value of all livestock | 48,503 |
| Value of farm implements in dollars | 6,346 |
| Value of farms (dollars) | 334,225 |
| Value of garden and orchard crops produced in the past year | 254 |
Manufacturing & industry (5 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of carriages for pleasure | 9 |
| Value of carriages for pleasure (dollars) | 141 |
| Yards of flannel produced in the past year | 1,131 |
| Yards of fulled cloth produced in the past year | 431 |
| Yards of linen produced in the past year | 10 |
Fisheries (1 variable)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Barrels of salted fish sold in the past year | 27 |
Deaths & mortality (12 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 30 to 40 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 60 to 70 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of all ages | 4 |
| Deaths in the past year among females under age 1 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males age 3 to 4 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 2 to 3 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 30 to 40 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 4 to 5 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 50 to 60 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of all ages | 8 |
| Deaths in the past year among males under age 1 | 4 |
| Total number of deaths in the past year | 12 |
Other recorded variables (141 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| C01 TOTAL | 371 |
| C03 OCC 10 TO 20 | 1 |
| C04 OCC 20 TO 50 | 28 |
| C05 OCC 50 TO 100 | 252 |
| C06 OCC 100 TO 200 | 85 |
| C07 OCC OVR 200 | 5 |
| C08 HELD | 43,611 |
| C09 UNDR CULT | 8,065 |
| C1 Males | 1,189 |
| C10 Deaths under 1 year M | 4 |
| C10 UNDR CROP | 6,831 |
| C11 Deaths under 1 year F | 1 |
| C11 UNDR PAST | 1,196 |
| C12 GARDENS | 38 |
| C12 Under 2 Years M | 44 |
| C120 Married M | 346 |
| C121 Single M | 812 |
| C122 Widowed M | 31 |
| C123 Total M | 1,189 |
| C124 Married F | 338 |
| C125 Single F | 677 |
| C126 Widows F | 46 |
| C127 Total F | 1,061 |
| C128 Grand Total | 2,250 |
| C129 Deaths M | 8 |
| C13 Under 2 Years F | 39 |
| C13 WOOD WILD | 35,546 |
| C130 Deaths F | 4 |
| C131 Deaths Total | 12 |
| C136 Attending School M | 217 |
| C137 Attending School F | 168 |
| C138 Adults unable to read or write M | 47 |
| C139 Adults unable to read or write F | 57 |
| C14 CASH FARM | 334,225 |
| C144 Lunatics M | 1 |
| C145 Lunatics F | 3 |
| C15 CASH IMP | 6,346 |
| C16 GARDN VALUE | 254 |
| C16 Under 3 years M | 47 |
| C17 LAND HELD | 251 |
| C17 Under 3 years F | 40 |
| C18 Deaths under 3 years M | 1 |
| C2 Females | 1,061 |
| C20 Under 4 years M | 39 |
| C21 Under 4 years F | 38 |
| C22 Deaths under 4 years M | 1 |
| C24 Under 5 years M | 35 |
| C25 Under 5 years F | 29 |
| C26 Deaths under 5 years M | 1 |
| C28 Between 5 and 10 Years M | 163 |
| C29 Between 5 and 10 years F | 141 |
| C3 Total | 2,250 |
| C32 INDN CRN AC | 5 |
| C33 Between 10 and 15 years Single M | 148 |
| C33 INDN CRN BU | 77 |
| C35 Between 10 and 15 years Single F | 144 |
| C36 TUR AC | 208 |
| C37 TUR BU | 31,726 |
| C38 CAR BU | 149 |
| C39 Between 15 and 20 years Single M | 128 |
| C4 Members of Family M | 1,132 |
| C40 Between 15 and 20 years Married F | 17 |
| C41 BEN BU | 5 |
| C41 Between 15 and 20 years Single F | 116 |
| C42 CLV TIM GRA | 36 |
| C44 Between 20 and 30 years Married M | 99 |
| C44 HOP LBS | 98 |
| C45 Between 20 and 30 years Single M | 121 |
| C45 MPL SGR LBS | 8,071 |
| C46 Between 20 and 30 years Widowers M | 3 |
| C47 Between 20 and 30 years Married F | 136 |
| C48 Between 20 and 30 years Single F | 70 |
| C48 FLLD CLOTH YRDS | 431 |
| C49 Between 20 and 30 years Widows F | 5 |
| C49 FLAN YRDS | 1,131 |
| C5 Members of Family F | 1,001 |
| C50 FLX HEM LBS | 220 |
| C51 LIN YRDS | 10 |
| C52 Between 30 and 40 years Married M | 137 |
| C52 BULLS OX STEERS | 546 |
| C53 Between 30 and 40 years Single M | 25 |
| C53 MILK COWS | 677 |
| C54 Between 30 and 40 years Widowers M | 8 |
| C54 CALVES HEIFERS | 959 |
| C55 Between 30 and 40 years Married F | 104 |
| C55 HORSES | 86 |
| C56 Between 30 and 40 years Single F | 7 |
| C56 HORSES VAL | 6,386 |
| C57 Between 30 and 40 years Widows F | 18 |
| C57 COLTS FILLIES | 40 |
| C58 Between 30 and 40 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C58 SHEEP | 915 |
| C59 Between 30 and 40 years Deaths F | 2 |
| C59 SWINE | 1,271 |
| C6 Not Members of Family M | 57 |
| C60 Between 40 and 50 years Married M | 63 |
| C60 TOT VALUE | 48,503 |
| C61 Between 40 and 50 years Single M | 4 |
| C61 BUTTER LB | 28,136 |
| C62 Between 40 and 50 years Widowers M | 8 |
| C62 CHEESE LB | 2,750 |
| C63 Between 40 and 50 years Married F | 50 |
| C64 Between 40 and 50 years Single F | 1 |
| C65 Between 40 and 50 years Widows F | 4 |
| C66 FISH SALTED | 27 |
| C68 Between 50 and 60 years Married M | 36 |
| C68 CAR PLEASURE | 9 |
| C69 Between 50 and 60 years Single M | 1 |
| C69 VALUE DOL P | 141 |
| C7 Not Members of Family F | 60 |
| C70 Between 50 and 60 years Widowers M | 4 |
| C71 Between 50 and 60 years Married F | 20 |
| C72 Between 50 and 60 years Single F | 1 |
| C73 Between 50 and 60 years Widows F | 9 |
| C74 Between 50 and 60 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C76 Between 60 and 70 years Married M | 8 |
| C78 Between 60 and 70 years Widowers M | 5 |
| C79 Between 60 and 70 years Married F | 7 |
| C8 Births in 1860 M | 56 |
| C80 Between 60 and 70 years Single F | 1 |
| C81 Between 60 and 70 years Widows F | 7 |
| C83 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths F | 1 |
| C84 Between 70 and 80 years Married M | 2 |
| C85 Between 70 and 80 years Single M | 1 |
| C86 Between 70 and 80 years Widowers M | 3 |
| C87 Between 70 and 80 years Married F | 2 |
| C89 Between 70 and 80 years Widows F | 3 |
| C9 Births in 1860 F | 50 |
| C92 Between 80 and 90 years Married M | 1 |
| C95 Between 80 and 90 years Married F | 2 |
| CD NAME | Bruce |
| England and Wales | 64 |
| Guernsey Jersey and other British Islands | 3 |
| Ireland | 73 |
| Natives of Canada Not of French Origin | 1,161 |
| Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island | 127 |
| Prussia German States and Holland | 10 |
| Scotland | 801 |
| Spain and Portugal | 1 |
| Switzerland | 1 |
| United States | 9 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
ON066005— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_ON066005— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Pence, Ontario (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/pence-on066005-1861/.