Pickering, Ontario (1861 census)
Pickering was a census subdivision in Ontario County, Ontario, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 8,002. The community is grounded to Wikidata Q386626. The administrative centroid was at approximately 43.901°N, 79.095°W.
Population
In 1861, Pickering had a population of 8,002: 4,043 male and 3,959 female residents. Population density was 65.0 people per square mile.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1851 | 6,737 |
| 1861 | 8,002 |
| 1871 | 7,375 |
| 1881 | 6,883 |
| 1891 | 5,998 |
| 1901 | 5,225 |
| 1911 | 4,763 |
| 1921 | 4,910 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861
In the 1861 census, Pickering shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1861
The 1861 census recorded 384 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 8 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (27 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Female members of the family who are present | 3,644 |
| Females present who are not members of the family | 315 |
| Male members of the family who are present | 3,687 |
| Males present who are not members of the family | 356 |
| Number of adult females unable to read or write | 96 |
| Number of adult males unable to read or write | 97 |
| Number of blind females | 1 |
| Number of deaf and dumb males | 1 |
| Number of female births in the past year | 204 |
| Number of females | 3,959 |
| Number of females attending school | 808 |
| Number of lunatic males | 1 |
| Number of male births in the past year | 220 |
| Number of males | 4,043 |
| Number of males attending school | 962 |
| Number of married females | 1,364 |
| Number of married males | 1,355 |
| Number of persons at sea | 1 |
| Number of single females | 2,455 |
| Number of single males | 2,580 |
| Number of widowed females | 140 |
| Number of widowed males | 108 |
| POP FX N.1 | 3,959 |
| POP MX N.1 | 4,043 |
| POP TOT | 8,002 |
| POP XX N.1 | 8,002 |
| Total population | 8,002 |
Age structure (59 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of females age 3 to 4 | 124 |
| Number of females aged 1 to 2 | 152 |
| Number of females aged 2 to 3 | 166 |
| Number of females aged 4 to 5 | 100 |
| Number of females aged 5 to 10 | 411 |
| Number of females of unknown age | 3 |
| Number of males aged 1 to 2 | 156 |
| Number of males aged 2 to 3 | 144 |
| Number of males aged 3 to 4 | 128 |
| Number of males aged 4 to 5 | 117 |
| Number of males aged 5 to 10 | 344 |
| Number of males of unknown age | 3 |
| Number of married females aged 15 to 20 | 12 |
| Number of married females aged 20 to 30 | 436 |
| Number of married females aged 30 to 40 | 395 |
| Number of married females aged 40 to 50 | 261 |
| Number of married females aged 50 to 60 | 163 |
| Number of married females aged 60 to 70 | 68 |
| Number of married females aged 70 to 80 | 24 |
| Number of married females aged 80 to 90 | 5 |
| Number of married males aged 15 to 20 | 4 |
| Number of married males aged 20 to 30 | 348 |
| Number of married males aged 30 to 40 | 416 |
| Number of married males aged 40 to 50 | 332 |
| Number of married males aged 50 to 60 | 147 |
| Number of married males aged 60 to 70 | 77 |
| Number of married males aged 70 to 80 | 24 |
| Number of married males aged 80 to 90 | 4 |
| Number of married males aged 90 to 100 | 3 |
| Number of single females aged 10 to 15 | 359 |
| Number of single females aged 15 to 20 | 424 |
| Number of single females aged 20 to 30 | 411 |
| Number of single females aged 30 to 40 | 45 |
| Number of single females aged 40 to 50 | 43 |
| Number of single females aged 50 to 60 | 13 |
| Number of single males aged 10 to 15 | 387 |
| Number of single males aged 15 to 20 | 432 |
| Number of single males aged 20 to 30 | 520 |
| Number of single males aged 30 to 40 | 68 |
| Number of single males aged 40 to 50 | 21 |
| Number of single males aged 50 to 60 | 7 |
| Number of single males aged 60 to 70 | 24 |
| Number of single males aged 70 to 80 | 5 |
| Number of single males aged 80 to 90 | 3 |
| Number of single males aged 90 to 100 | 1 |
| Number of widowed females aged 20 to 30 | 13 |
| Number of widowed females aged 30 to 40 | 11 |
| Number of widowed females aged 40 to 50 | 31 |
| Number of widowed females aged 50 to 60 | 25 |
| Number of widowed females aged 60 to 70 | 24 |
| Number of widowed females aged 70 to 80 | 32 |
| Number of widowed females aged 80 to 90 | 4 |
| Number of widowed males aged 20 to 30 | 17 |
| Number of widowed males aged 30 to 40 | 11 |
| Number of widowed males aged 40 to 50 | 20 |
| Number of widowed males aged 50 to 60 | 15 |
| Number of widowed males aged 60 to 70 | 18 |
| Number of widowed males aged 70 to 80 | 12 |
| Number of widowed males aged 80 to 90 | 15 |
Ethnic origin (17 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of female negroes or coloured persons | 12 |
| Number of French Canadians | 1 |
| Number of Indigenous males | 1 |
| Number of Indigenous persons | 1 |
| Number of male negroes or coloured persons | 13 |
| Number of negroes or coloured persons | 25 |
| Number of persons native to Canada, not of French origin | 5,094 |
| Number of persons originating in England or Wales | 1,172 |
| Number of persons originating in France | 2 |
| Number of persons originating in Germany or Holland | 27 |
| Number of persons originating in Ireland | 872 |
| Number of persons originating in New Brunswick | 94 |
| Number of persons originating in Nova Scotia or Prince Edward Island | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in Scotland | 524 |
| Number of persons originating in Switzerland | 2 |
| Number of persons originating in the United States | 211 |
| Number of persons originating in the West Indies | 1 |
Agriculture (81 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of barley | 1,123 |
| Acres of buckwheat | 54 |
| Acres of corn | 172 |
| Acres of farmland held by townspeople who are not farmers | 229 |
| Acres of farmland in gardens | 876 |
| Acres of farmland in pasture | 11,764 |
| Acres of farmland in woodland or forest | 17,591 |
| Acres of farmland under crops | 34,658 |
| Acres of farmland under cultivation | 47,298 |
| Acres of land in farms | 64,889 |
| Acres of mangel wurtzel | 44 |
| Acres of oats | 5,139 |
| Acres of peas | 4,603 |
| Acres of potatoes | 1,018 |
| Acres of rye | 110 |
| Acres of spring wheat | 6,792 |
| Acres of turnips | 1,046 |
| Acres of winter wheat | 4,611 |
| Barrels of beef produced in the past year | 477 |
| Barrels of pork produced in the past year | 2,081 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 34,195 |
| Bushels of beans produced in the past year | 100 |
| Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year | 1,375 |
| Bushels of carrots produced in the past year | 58,820 |
| Bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed produced in the past year | 183 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 5,477 |
| Bushels of mangel wurtzel produced in the past year | 17,892 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 222,555 |
| Bushels of peas produced in the past year | 113,164 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 87,830 |
| Bushels of rye produced in the past year | 1,657 |
| Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year | 129,257 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 401,546 |
| Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year | 73,255 |
| C18 WHT FALL AC | 4,611 |
| C19 WHT FALL BU | 73,255 |
| C20 WHT SP AC | 6,792 |
| C21 WHT SP BU | 129,257 |
| C22 BAR AC | 1,123 |
| C23 BAR BU | 34,195 |
| C24 RYE AC | 110 |
| C25 RYE BU | 1,657 |
| C26 PEA AC | 4,603 |
| C27 PEA BU | 113,164 |
| C28 OAT AC | 5,139 |
| C29 OAT BU | 222,555 |
| C30 BWT AC | 54 |
| C31 BWT BU | 1,375 |
| C34 POT AC | 1,018 |
| C35 POT BU | 87,830 |
| C43 HAY TONS | 5,577 |
| C47 WOOL LBS | 32,129 |
| C63 BEEF BAR | 477 |
| C64 PORK BAR | 2,081 |
| Gallons of cider produced in the past year | 14,938 |
| HRS ov03 V | 175,382 |
| Number of bulls, oxen, or steers | 449 |
| Number of calves and heifers | 3,242 |
| Number of horses aged 3 years and under | 790 |
| Number of horses aged over 3 years | 2,439 |
| Number of milk cows | 3,300 |
| Number of occupants of farms | 721 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres | 4 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres | 329 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres | 52 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres | 325 |
| Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres | 4 |
| Number of persons living on farms under 10 acres | 7 |
| Number of sheep | 17,551 |
| Number of swine | 5,208 |
| Pounds of cheese produced on farms in the past year | 25,049 |
| Pounds of flax or hemp produced in the past year | 9,398 |
| Pounds of homemade butter | 202,813 |
| Pounds of hops produced in the past year | 278 |
| Pounds of maple sugar produced in the past year | 20,956 |
| Pounds of wool produced on farms in the past year | 32,129 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 5,577 |
| Value of all livestock | 367,463 |
| Value of farm implements in dollars | 107,029 |
| Value of farms (dollars) | 3,126,974 |
| Value of garden and orchard crops produced in the past year | 11,298 |
Manufacturing & industry (7 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of carriages for hire | 41 |
| Number of carriages for pleasure | 552 |
| Value of carriages for hire (dollars) | 1,980 |
| Value of carriages for pleasure (dollars) | 48,980 |
| Yards of flannel produced in the past year | 10,909 |
| Yards of fulled cloth produced in the past year | 3,304 |
| Yards of linen produced in the past year | 28 |
Fisheries (2 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Barrels of salted fish sold in the past year | 301 |
| Quintals of dried fish sold in the past year | 100 |
Deaths & mortality (19 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 1 to 2 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 2 to 3 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 40 to 50 | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 5 to 10 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 50 to 60 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 70 to 80 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of all ages | 28 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of unknown age | 8 |
| Deaths in the past year among females under age 1 | 9 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 1 to 2 | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 10 to 15 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 30 to 40 | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 40 to 50 | 4 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 50 to 60 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of all ages | 32 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of unknown age | 8 |
| Deaths in the past year among males under age 1 | 10 |
| Total number of deaths in the past year | 60 |
Other recorded variables (172 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| At Sea | 1 |
| C01 TOTAL | 721 |
| C02 OCC UNDR 10 | 7 |
| C03 OCC 10 TO 20 | 4 |
| C04 OCC 20 TO 50 | 52 |
| C05 OCC 50 TO 100 | 325 |
| C06 OCC 100 TO 200 | 329 |
| C07 OCC OVR 200 | 4 |
| C08 HELD | 64,889 |
| C09 UNDR CULT | 47,298 |
| C1 Males | 4,043 |
| C10 Deaths under 1 year M | 10 |
| C10 UNDR CROP | 34,658 |
| C100 Between 90 and 100 years Married M | 3 |
| C101 Between 90 and 100 years Single M | 1 |
| C11 Deaths under 1 year F | 9 |
| C11 UNDR PAST | 11,764 |
| C116 Ages not given M | 3 |
| C117 Ages not given F | 3 |
| C118 Ages not given Deaths M | 8 |
| C119 Ages not given Deaths F | 8 |
| C12 GARDENS | 876 |
| C12 Under 2 Years M | 156 |
| C120 Married M | 1,355 |
| C121 Single M | 2,580 |
| C122 Widowed M | 108 |
| C123 Total M | 4,043 |
| C124 Married F | 1,364 |
| C125 Single F | 2,455 |
| C126 Widows F | 140 |
| C127 Total F | 3,959 |
| C128 Grand Total | 8,002 |
| C129 Deaths M | 32 |
| C13 Under 2 Years F | 152 |
| C13 WOOD WILD | 17,591 |
| C130 Deaths F | 28 |
| C131 Deaths Total | 60 |
| C132 Indians M | 1 |
| C134 Negroes M | 13 |
| C135 Negreos F | 12 |
| C136 Attending School M | 962 |
| C137 Attending School F | 808 |
| C138 Adults unable to read or write M | 97 |
| C139 Adults unable to read or write F | 96 |
| C14 CASH FARM | 3,126,974 |
| C14 Deaths under 2 years M | 3 |
| C140 Deaf and Dumb M | 1 |
| C143 Blind F | 1 |
| C144 Lunatics M | 1 |
| C15 CASH IMP | 107,029 |
| C15 Deaths under 2 years F | 1 |
| C16 GARDN VALUE | 11,298 |
| C16 Under 3 years M | 144 |
| C17 LAND HELD | 229 |
| C17 Under 3 years F | 166 |
| C19 Deaths under 3 years F | 1 |
| C2 Females | 3,959 |
| C20 Under 4 years M | 128 |
| C21 Under 4 years F | 124 |
| C24 Under 5 years M | 117 |
| C25 Under 5 years F | 100 |
| C28 Between 5 and 10 Years M | 344 |
| C29 Between 5 and 10 years F | 411 |
| C3 Total | 8,002 |
| C31 Deaths between 5 and 10 years F | 2 |
| C32 INDN CRN AC | 172 |
| C33 Between 10 and 15 years Single M | 387 |
| C33 INDN CRN BU | 5,477 |
| C35 Between 10 and 15 years Single F | 359 |
| C36 Between 10 and 15 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C36 TUR AC | 1,046 |
| C37 TUR BU | 401,546 |
| C38 Between 15 and 20 years Married M | 4 |
| C38 CAR BU | 58,820 |
| C39 Between 15 and 20 years Single M | 432 |
| C39 MAN WURT AC | 44 |
| C4 Members of Family M | 3,687 |
| C40 Between 15 and 20 years Married F | 12 |
| C40 MAN WURT BU | 17,892 |
| C41 BEN BU | 100 |
| C41 Between 15 and 20 years Single F | 424 |
| C42 CLV TIM GRA | 183 |
| C44 Between 20 and 30 years Married M | 348 |
| C44 HOP LBS | 278 |
| C45 Between 20 and 30 years Single M | 520 |
| C45 MPL SGR LBS | 20,956 |
| C46 Between 20 and 30 years Widowers M | 17 |
| C46 CID GAL | 14,938 |
| C47 Between 20 and 30 years Married F | 436 |
| C48 Between 20 and 30 years Single F | 411 |
| C48 FLLD CLOTH YRDS | 3,304 |
| C49 Between 20 and 30 years Widows F | 13 |
| C49 FLAN YRDS | 10,909 |
| C5 Members of Family F | 3,644 |
| C50 FLX HEM LBS | 9,398 |
| C51 LIN YRDS | 28 |
| C52 Between 30 and 40 years Married M | 416 |
| C52 BULLS OX STEERS | 449 |
| C53 Between 30 and 40 years Single M | 68 |
| C53 MILK COWS | 3,300 |
| C54 Between 30 and 40 years Widowers M | 11 |
| C54 CALVES HEIFERS | 3,242 |
| C55 Between 30 and 40 years Married F | 395 |
| C55 HORSES | 2,439 |
| C56 Between 30 and 40 years Single F | 45 |
| C56 HORSES VAL | 175,382 |
| C57 Between 30 and 40 years Widows F | 11 |
| C57 COLTS FILLIES | 790 |
| C58 Between 30 and 40 years Deaths M | 3 |
| C58 SHEEP | 17,551 |
| C59 SWINE | 5,208 |
| C6 Not Members of Family M | 356 |
| C60 Between 40 and 50 years Married M | 332 |
| C60 TOT VALUE | 367,463 |
| C61 Between 40 and 50 years Single M | 21 |
| C61 BUTTER LB | 202,813 |
| C62 Between 40 and 50 years Widowers M | 20 |
| C62 CHEESE LB | 25,049 |
| C63 Between 40 and 50 years Married F | 261 |
| C64 Between 40 and 50 years Single F | 43 |
| C65 Between 40 and 50 years Widows F | 31 |
| C65 FISH QUIN | 100 |
| C66 Between 40 and 50 years Deaths M | 4 |
| C66 FISH SALTED | 301 |
| C67 Between 40 and 50 years Deaths F | 3 |
| C68 Between 50 and 60 years Married M | 147 |
| C68 CAR PLEASURE | 552 |
| C69 Between 50 and 60 years Single M | 7 |
| C69 VALUE DOL P | 48,980 |
| C7 Not Members of Family F | 315 |
| C70 Between 50 and 60 years Widowers M | 15 |
| C70 CAR HIRE | 41 |
| C71 Between 50 and 60 years Married F | 163 |
| C71 VALUE DOL H | 1,980 |
| C72 Between 50 and 60 years Single F | 13 |
| C73 Between 50 and 60 years Widows F | 25 |
| C74 Between 50 and 60 years Deaths M | 2 |
| C75 Between 50 and 60 years Deaths F | 2 |
| C76 Between 60 and 70 years Married M | 77 |
| C77 Between 60 and 70 years Single M | 24 |
| C78 Between 60 and 70 years Widowers M | 18 |
| C79 Between 60 and 70 years Married F | 68 |
| C8 Births in 1860 M | 220 |
| C81 Between 60 and 70 years Widows F | 24 |
| C84 Between 70 and 80 years Married M | 24 |
| C85 Between 70 and 80 years Single M | 5 |
| C86 Between 70 and 80 years Widowers M | 12 |
| C87 Between 70 and 80 years Married F | 24 |
| C89 Between 70 and 80 years Widows F | 32 |
| C9 Births in 1860 F | 204 |
| C90 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C91 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths F | 2 |
| C92 Between 80 and 90 years Married M | 4 |
| C93 Between 80 and 90 years Single M | 3 |
| C94 Between 80 and 90 years Widowers M | 15 |
| C95 Between 80 and 90 years Married F | 5 |
| C97 Between 80 and 90 years Widows F | 4 |
| CD NAME | Ontario |
| Colored Persons | 25 |
| England and Wales | 1,172 |
| France | 2 |
| Indians | 1 |
| Ireland | 872 |
| Natives of Canada French Origin | 1 |
| Natives of Canada Not of French Origin | 5,094 |
| New Brunswick | 94 |
| Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island | 1 |
| Prussia German States and Holland | 27 |
| Scotland | 524 |
| Switzerland | 2 |
| United States | 211 |
| West Indies | 1 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
ON089004— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_ON133003— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: Q386626
- Wikipedia (EN): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickering,_Ontario
- Wikipédia (FR): https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pickering
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Pickering, Ontario (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/pickering-on089004-1861/.