Buckingham, Quebec (1861 census)
Buckingham was a census subdivision in Outaouais County, Quebec, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 2,417. The administrative centroid was at approximately 45.617°N, 75.453°W.
Population
In 1861, Buckingham had a population of 2,417: 1,292 male and 1,125 female residents. Population density was 20.9 people per square mile.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1851 | 2,204 |
| 1861 | 2,417 |
| 1871 | 1,587 |
| 1881 | 1,882 |
| 1891 | 2,186 |
| 1901 | 1,291 |
| 1911 | 1,394 |
| 1921 | 592 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Boundary continuity (non-identical overlaps)
Spatial polygon overlaps with adjacent census years where the boundary shifted enough that the SAME_AS chain didn't merge them. These show where the territory came from and went to even when it isn't tracked as the same persistent place.
Later boundary forms
- In a later year, this CSD contained Buckingham, 1871 (74.6% of this CSD's polygon).
- In a later year, this CSD contained L'Ange Gardien, 1871 (25.4% of this CSD's polygon).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861
In the 1861 census, Buckingham shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1861
The 1861 census recorded 316 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 7 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (25 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Female members of the family who are present | 1,086 |
| Females present who are not members of the family | 39 |
| Male members of the family who are present | 1,251 |
| Males present who are not members of the family | 41 |
| Number of adult females unable to read or write | 42 |
| Number of adult males unable to read or write | 37 |
| Number of blind males | 2 |
| Number of female births in the past year | 37 |
| Number of females | 1,125 |
| Number of females attending school | 82 |
| Number of lunatic females | 2 |
| Number of male births in the past year | 34 |
| Number of males | 1,292 |
| Number of males attending school | 74 |
| Number of married females | 387 |
| Number of married males | 434 |
| Number of single females | 718 |
| Number of single males | 846 |
| Number of widowed females | 20 |
| Number of widowed males | 12 |
| POP FX N.1 | 1,125 |
| POP MX N.1 | 1,292 |
| POP TOT | 2,417 |
| POP XX N.1 | 2,417 |
| Total population | 2,417 |
Age structure (51 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of females age 3 to 4 | 51 |
| Number of females aged 1 to 2 | 38 |
| Number of females aged 2 to 3 | 40 |
| Number of females aged 4 to 5 | 39 |
| Number of females aged 5 to 10 | 85 |
| Number of males aged 1 to 2 | 39 |
| Number of males aged 2 to 3 | 49 |
| Number of males aged 3 to 4 | 60 |
| Number of males aged 4 to 5 | 40 |
| Number of males aged 5 to 10 | 90 |
| Number of married females aged 20 to 30 | 54 |
| Number of married females aged 30 to 40 | 154 |
| Number of married females aged 40 to 50 | 98 |
| Number of married females aged 50 to 60 | 52 |
| Number of married females aged 60 to 70 | 14 |
| Number of married females aged 70 to 80 | 12 |
| Number of married males aged 20 to 30 | 74 |
| Number of married males aged 30 to 40 | 170 |
| Number of married males aged 40 to 50 | 91 |
| Number of married males aged 50 to 60 | 54 |
| Number of married males aged 60 to 70 | 24 |
| Number of married males aged 70 to 80 | 18 |
| Number of married males aged 80 to 90 | 3 |
| Number of single females aged 10 to 15 | 165 |
| Number of single females aged 15 to 20 | 142 |
| Number of single females aged 20 to 30 | 90 |
| Number of single females aged 30 to 40 | 18 |
| Number of single females aged 40 to 50 | 5 |
| Number of single females aged 50 to 60 | 4 |
| Number of single females aged 60 to 70 | 2 |
| Number of single females aged 70 to 80 | 2 |
| Number of single females aged 90 to 100 | 3 |
| Number of single males aged 10 to 15 | 140 |
| Number of single males aged 15 to 20 | 164 |
| Number of single males aged 20 to 30 | 180 |
| Number of single males aged 30 to 40 | 20 |
| Number of single males aged 40 to 50 | 15 |
| Number of single males aged 50 to 60 | 10 |
| Number of single males aged 60 to 70 | 2 |
| Number of single males aged 70 to 80 | 2 |
| Number of single males aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of widowed females aged 30 to 40 | 3 |
| Number of widowed females aged 40 to 50 | 5 |
| Number of widowed females aged 50 to 60 | 5 |
| Number of widowed females aged 60 to 70 | 5 |
| Number of widowed females aged 70 to 80 | 2 |
| Number of widowed males aged 30 to 40 | 1 |
| Number of widowed males aged 40 to 50 | 1 |
| Number of widowed males aged 50 to 60 | 6 |
| Number of widowed males aged 60 to 70 | 3 |
| Number of widowed males aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
Ethnic origin (11 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of French Canadians | 1,174 |
| Number of Indigenous males | 1 |
| Number of negroes or coloured persons | 1 |
| Number of persons native to Canada, not of French origin | 867 |
| Number of persons originating in England or Wales | 18 |
| Number of persons originating in Guernsey, Jersey, or other British islands | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in Ireland | 297 |
| Number of persons originating in Scotland | 38 |
| Number of persons originating in the East Indies | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in the United States | 19 |
| Number of persons whose origin is unknown | 2 |
Agriculture (69 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of barley | 4 |
| Acres of buckwheat | 63 |
| Acres of corn | 11 |
| Acres of farmland in gardens | 142 |
| Acres of farmland in pasture | 1,535 |
| Acres of farmland in woodland or forest | 23,173 |
| Acres of farmland under crops | 2,164 |
| Acres of farmland under cultivation | 3,841 |
| Acres of land in farms | 27,014 |
| Acres of oats | 956 |
| Acres of peas | 506 |
| Acres of potatoes | 313 |
| Acres of rye | 18 |
| Acres of spring wheat | 91 |
| Acres of turnips | 22 |
| Acres of winter wheat | 29 |
| Barrels of beef produced in the past year | 46 |
| Barrels of pork produced in the past year | 80 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 216 |
| Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year | 1,304 |
| Bushels of carrots produced in the past year | 19 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 409 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 25,610 |
| Bushels of peas produced in the past year | 11,856 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 22,034 |
| Bushels of rye produced in the past year | 296 |
| Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year | 1,682 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 1,217 |
| Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year | 349 |
| C18 WHT FALL AC | 29 |
| C19 WHT FALL BU | 349 |
| C20 WHT SP AC | 91 |
| C21 WHT SP BU | 1,682 |
| C22 BAR AC | 4 |
| C23 BAR BU | 216 |
| C24 RYE AC | 18 |
| C25 RYE BU | 296 |
| C26 PEA AC | 506 |
| C27 PEA BU | 11,856 |
| C28 OAT AC | 956 |
| C29 OAT BU | 25,610 |
| C30 BWT AC | 63 |
| C31 BWT BU | 1,304 |
| C34 POT AC | 313 |
| C35 POT BU | 22,034 |
| C43 HAY TONS | 80 |
| C47 WOOL LBS | 3,736 |
| C63 BEEF BAR | 46 |
| C64 PORK BAR | 80 |
| Number of bulls, oxen, or steers | 342 |
| Number of calves and heifers | 303 |
| Number of horses aged 3 years and under | 135 |
| Number of horses aged over 3 years | 795 |
| Number of milk cows | 807 |
| Number of occupants of farms | 228 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres | 59 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres | 34 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres | 127 |
| Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres | 7 |
| Number of persons living on farms under 10 acres | 1 |
| Number of sheep | 1,768 |
| Number of swine | 689 |
| Pounds of homemade butter | 4,490 |
| Pounds of maple sugar produced in the past year | 32 |
| Pounds of wool produced on farms in the past year | 3,736 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 80 |
| Value of all livestock | 89,766 |
| Value of farm implements in dollars | 5,710 |
| Value of farms (dollars) | 166,580 |
Manufacturing & industry (5 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of carriages for pleasure | 125 |
| Value of carriages for pleasure (dollars) | 4,158 |
| Yards of flannel produced in the past year | 1,330 |
| Yards of fulled cloth produced in the past year | 617 |
| Yards of linen produced in the past year | 10 |
Deaths & mortality (17 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 1 to 2 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 15 to 20 | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 4 to 5 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 60 to 70 | 5 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 70 to 80 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 90 to 100 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of all ages | 22 |
| Deaths in the past year among females under age 1 | 9 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 1 to 2 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 20 to 30 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 5 to 10 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 60 to 70 | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of all ages | 18 |
| Deaths in the past year among males under age 1 | 8 |
| Total number of deaths in the past year | 40 |
Other recorded variables (138 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| C01 TOTAL | 228 |
| C02 OCC UNDR 10 | 1 |
| C04 OCC 20 TO 50 | 34 |
| C05 OCC 50 TO 100 | 127 |
| C06 OCC 100 TO 200 | 59 |
| C07 OCC OVR 200 | 7 |
| C08 HELD | 27,014 |
| C09 UNDR CULT | 3,841 |
| C1 Males | 1,292 |
| C10 Deaths under 1 year M | 8 |
| C10 UNDR CROP | 2,164 |
| C104 Between 90 and 100 years Single F | 3 |
| C107 Between 90 and 100 years Deaths F | 1 |
| C11 Deaths under 1 year F | 9 |
| C11 UNDR PAST | 1,535 |
| C12 GARDENS | 142 |
| C12 Under 2 Years M | 39 |
| C120 Married M | 434 |
| C121 Single M | 846 |
| C122 Widowed M | 12 |
| C123 Total M | 1,292 |
| C124 Married F | 387 |
| C125 Single F | 718 |
| C126 Widows F | 20 |
| C127 Total F | 1,125 |
| C128 Grand Total | 2,417 |
| C129 Deaths M | 18 |
| C13 Under 2 Years F | 38 |
| C13 WOOD WILD | 23,173 |
| C130 Deaths F | 22 |
| C131 Deaths Total | 40 |
| C132 Indians M | 1 |
| C136 Attending School M | 74 |
| C137 Attending School F | 82 |
| C138 Adults unable to read or write M | 37 |
| C139 Adults unable to read or write F | 42 |
| C14 CASH FARM | 166,580 |
| C14 Deaths under 2 years M | 2 |
| C142 Blind M | 2 |
| C145 Lunatics F | 2 |
| C15 CASH IMP | 5,710 |
| C15 Deaths under 2 years F | 2 |
| C16 Under 3 years M | 49 |
| C17 Under 3 years F | 40 |
| C2 Females | 1,125 |
| C20 Under 4 years M | 60 |
| C21 Under 4 years F | 51 |
| C24 Under 5 years M | 40 |
| C25 Under 5 years F | 39 |
| C27 Deaths under 5 years F | 1 |
| C28 Between 5 and 10 Years M | 90 |
| C29 Between 5 and 10 years F | 85 |
| C3 Total | 2,417 |
| C30 Deaths between 5 and 10 years M | 1 |
| C32 INDN CRN AC | 11 |
| C33 Between 10 and 15 years Single M | 140 |
| C33 INDN CRN BU | 409 |
| C35 Between 10 and 15 years Single F | 165 |
| C36 TUR AC | 22 |
| C37 TUR BU | 1,217 |
| C38 CAR BU | 19 |
| C39 Between 15 and 20 years Single M | 164 |
| C4 Members of Family M | 1,251 |
| C41 Between 15 and 20 years Single F | 142 |
| C43 Between 15 and 20 years Deaths F | 3 |
| C44 Between 20 and 30 years Married M | 74 |
| C45 Between 20 and 30 years Single M | 180 |
| C45 MPL SGR LBS | 32 |
| C47 Between 20 and 30 years Married F | 54 |
| C48 Between 20 and 30 years Single F | 90 |
| C48 FLLD CLOTH YRDS | 617 |
| C49 FLAN YRDS | 1,330 |
| C5 Members of Family F | 1,086 |
| C50 Between 20 and 30 years Deaths M | 2 |
| C51 LIN YRDS | 10 |
| C52 Between 30 and 40 years Married M | 170 |
| C52 BULLS OX STEERS | 342 |
| C53 Between 30 and 40 years Single M | 20 |
| C53 MILK COWS | 807 |
| C54 Between 30 and 40 years Widowers M | 1 |
| C54 CALVES HEIFERS | 303 |
| C55 Between 30 and 40 years Married F | 154 |
| C55 HORSES | 795 |
| C56 Between 30 and 40 years Single F | 18 |
| C57 Between 30 and 40 years Widows F | 3 |
| C57 COLTS FILLIES | 135 |
| C58 SHEEP | 1,768 |
| C59 SWINE | 689 |
| C6 Not Members of Family M | 41 |
| C60 Between 40 and 50 years Married M | 91 |
| C60 TOT VALUE | 89,766 |
| C61 Between 40 and 50 years Single M | 15 |
| C61 BUTTER LB | 4,490 |
| C62 Between 40 and 50 years Widowers M | 1 |
| C63 Between 40 and 50 years Married F | 98 |
| C64 Between 40 and 50 years Single F | 5 |
| C65 Between 40 and 50 years Widows F | 5 |
| C68 Between 50 and 60 years Married M | 54 |
| C68 CAR PLEASURE | 125 |
| C69 Between 50 and 60 years Single M | 10 |
| C69 VALUE DOL P | 4,158 |
| C7 Not Members of Family F | 39 |
| C70 Between 50 and 60 years Widowers M | 6 |
| C71 Between 50 and 60 years Married F | 52 |
| C72 Between 50 and 60 years Single F | 4 |
| C73 Between 50 and 60 years Widows F | 5 |
| C76 Between 60 and 70 years Married M | 24 |
| C77 Between 60 and 70 years Single M | 2 |
| C78 Between 60 and 70 years Widowers M | 3 |
| C79 Between 60 and 70 years Married F | 14 |
| C8 Births in 1860 M | 34 |
| C80 Between 60 and 70 years Single F | 2 |
| C81 Between 60 and 70 years Widows F | 5 |
| C82 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths M | 3 |
| C83 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths F | 5 |
| C84 Between 70 and 80 years Married M | 18 |
| C85 Between 70 and 80 years Single M | 2 |
| C86 Between 70 and 80 years Widowers M | 1 |
| C87 Between 70 and 80 years Married F | 12 |
| C88 Between 70 and 80 years Single F | 2 |
| C89 Between 70 and 80 years Widows F | 2 |
| C9 Births in 1860 F | 37 |
| C90 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C91 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths F | 2 |
| C92 Between 80 and 90 years Married M | 3 |
| C93 Between 80 and 90 years Single M | 1 |
| C98 Between 80 and 90 years Deaths M | 1 |
| CD NAME | Outaouais |
| Colored Persons | 1 |
| East Indies | 1 |
| England and Wales | 18 |
| Guernsey Jersey and other British Islands | 1 |
| Ireland | 297 |
| Natives of Canada French Origin | 1,174 |
| Natives of Canada Not of French Origin | 867 |
| Not Known | 2 |
| Scotland | 38 |
| United States | 19 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
QC039012— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_QC062008— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Buckingham, Quebec (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/qc/buckingham-qc039012-1861/.