St. Andrews, Quebec (1861 census)

St. Andrews was a census subdivision in Quebec, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 2,683. The community is grounded to Wikidata Q111031682. The administrative centroid was at approximately 45.576°N, 74.307°W.

Population

In 1861, St. Andrews had a population of 2,683: 1,277 male and 1,406 female residents.

Population trajectory across census years

Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).

Boundary continuity (non-identical overlaps)

Spatial polygon overlaps with adjacent census years where the boundary shifted enough that the SAME_AS chain didn't merge them. These show where the territory came from and went to even when it isn't tracked as the same persistent place.

Earlier boundary forms

• In an earlier year, this CSD contained St. André, 1851 (79.7% share).

Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861

In the 1861 census, St. Andrews shared boundaries with:

• Chatham
• St. Hermas
• St. Jerusalem
• St. Placide

Full census record, 1861

The 1861 census recorded 168 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 6 categories.

Population & families (1861). This community's record includes 2,683 total population, 1,406 females, Female members of the family who are present: 1,289, 1,277 males, Male members of the family who are present: 1,199, 999 single females, 900 single males, 346 married males, 338 married females, 185 females attending school, 183 males attending school, 146 adult males unable to read or write, 137 adult females unable to read or write, Females present who are not members of the family: 117, Males present who are not members of the family: 78, 69 widowed females, 53 female births, 40 male births, 31 widowed males. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T5.)

Age structure (1861). This community's record includes 201 females aged 5 to 10, 195 males aged 5 to 10, 194 single females aged 10 to 15, 178 single females aged 15 to 20, 176 single males aged 15 to 20, 175 single males aged 10 to 15, 157 single females aged 20 to 30, 126 single males aged 20 to 30, 118 married males aged 40 to 50, 92 married females aged 30 to 40, 87 married females aged 20 to 30, 80 married females aged 40 to 50, 71 married males aged 30 to 40, 53 married males aged 50 to 60, 45 males aged 3 to 4, 44 females aged 2 to 3, 43 females age 3 to 4, 43 males aged 2 to 3, 42 females aged 4 to 5, 42 single females aged 30 to 40, 41 married females aged 50 to 60, 41 married males aged 20 to 30, 39 married males aged 60 to 70, 37 males aged 4 to 5, 25 single males aged 30 to 40, 22 married females aged 60 to 70, 21 married males aged 70 to 80, 17 single females aged 40 to 50, 15 single males aged 40 to 50, 14 widowed females aged 40 to 50, 14 widowed females aged 60 to 70, 13 widowed females aged 50 to 60, 12 single males aged 50 to 60, 11 married females aged 70 to 80, 11 widowed males aged 60 to 70, 10 single females aged 60 to 70, 9 single females aged 50 to 60, 9 widowed females aged 30 to 40, 9 widowed females aged 70 to 80, 8 widowed females aged 80 to 90, 8 widowed males aged 70 to 80, 5 females of unknown age, 5 males aged 1 to 2, 4 married females aged 15 to 20, 3 married males aged 80 to 90, 3 single males aged 60 to 70, 3 widowed males aged 30 to 40, 3 widowed males aged 40 to 50, 3 widowed males aged 50 to 60, 2 females aged 1 to 2, 2 widowed females aged 20 to 30, 2 widowed males aged 80 to 90, 1 males of unknown age, 1 married females aged 80 to 90, 1 single females aged 70 to 80, 1 single females aged 80 to 90, 1 single males aged 70 to 80, 1 single males aged 80 to 90, 1 widowed males aged 20 to 30. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T5.)

Ethnic origin (1861). This community's record includes 1,201 French Canadians, 1,087 persons native to Canada, not of French origin, 138 persons originating in Scotland, 112 persons originating in Ireland, 78 persons originating in England or Wales, 37 persons originating in the United States, 16 persons originating in Germany or Holland, 6 persons originating in all other places, 1 persons originating in France, 1 persons originating in New Brunswick, 1 persons originating in Nova Scotia or Prince Edward Island, 1 persons originating in Spain or Portugal, 1 persons whose origin is unknown. 3 persons originating in Guernsey, Jersey, or other British islands. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T1.)

Agriculture (1861). This community's record includes $349,868 value farms (dollars), $64,047 value all livestock, 53,116 pounds of homemade butter, 43,931 bushels of oats, $38,091 value horses aged over 3 years, 24,488 bushels of potatoes, $22,842 value farm implements in dollars, 22,068 acres of land in farms, 15,368 bushels of carrots, 12,588 acres of farmland under cultivation, 9,480 acres of farmland in woodland or forest, 7,464 acres of farmland in pasture, 6,033 pounds of wool produced on farms, 5,739 bushels of spring wheat, 5,720 bushels of barley, 5,258 pounds of cheese produced on farms, 5,085 acres of farmland under crops, 4,673 bushels of peas, 3,890 bushels of corn, 3,406 pounds of maple sugar, 2,465 acres of oats, 2,420 bushels of buckwheat, 1,915 bushels of mangel wurtzel, 1,779 tons of hay, 1,638 bushels of turnips, 1,512 sheep, $1,230 value garden and orchard crops, 1,070 milk cows, 687 calves and heifers, 652 barrels of pork, 643 swine, 549 acres of spring wheat, 545 horses aged over 3 years, 346 bushels of rye, 344 acres of barley, 329 acres of peas, 265 acres of potatoes, 259 barrels of beef, 210 horses aged 3 years and under, 177 occupants of farms, 163 acres of buckwheat, 163 acres of corn, 141 acres of farmland held by townspeople who are not farmers, 98 bushels of winter wheat, 89 persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres, 50 persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres, 46 pounds of hops, 39 acres of farmland in gardens, 36 bushels of beans, 34 acres of rye, 33 pounds of flax or hemp, 20 bulls, oxen, or steers, 19 persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres, 14 persons living on farms over 200 acres, 12 bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed, 11 acres of turnips, 8 acres of mangel wurtzel, 8 acres of winter wheat, 3 persons living on farms under 10 acres, 2 persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V2T11.)

Manufacturing & industry (1861). This community's record includes $5,152 value carriages for pleasure (dollars), 1,436 yards of flannel, 1,003 yards of fulled cloth, $200 value carriages for hire (dollars), 176 carriages for pleasure, 86 yards of linen, 3 carriages for hire. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V2T11.)

Deaths & mortality (1861). This community's record includes 13 total number of deaths, Deaths in the past year among females of all ages: 8, Deaths in the past year among males of all ages: 5, Deaths in the past year among females aged 1 to 2: 3, Deaths in the past year among females aged 70 to 80: 3, Deaths in the past year among males aged 1 to 2: 3, Deaths in the past year among males aged 15 to 20: 2, Deaths in the past year among females aged 20 to 30: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 40 to 50: 1. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T5.)

People with Dictionary of Canadian Biography entries

The Dictionary of Canadian Biography includes biographies of 3 people connected to this place who were alive in 1861, listed below by birth year. Each name links to that person's DCB entry.

Identifiers

• TCP UID: QC002010 — year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file
• Persistent place ID: PLACE_QC037011 — computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years
• Wikidata: Q111031682
• Wikipédia (FR): https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Andr%C3%A9-Est

Sources

Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.

Cite this page

Clifford, J. (2026). "St. Andrews, Quebec (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/qc/st-andrews-qc002010-1861/.