St. Armand W-O, Quebec (1861 census)

Name: St. Armand W-O (1861)
Address: Quebec, CA

St. Armand W-O was a census subdivision in Missisquoi County, Quebec, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 1,328. The administrative centroid was at approximately 45.045°N, 73.007°W.

Population

In 1861, St. Armand W-O had a population of 1,328: 631 male and 697 female residents. Population density was 40.1 people per square mile.

Population trajectory across census years

Year	Population
1851	1,432
1861	1,328
1871	1,056
1881	1,080
1891	999
1901	926
1911	1,074
1921	1,030

Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).

Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861

In the 1861 census, St. Armand W-O shared boundaries with:

Full census record, 1861

The 1861 census recorded 336 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 7 categories. Tables below are collapsible.

Population & families (26 variables)

Variable	Value
Female members of the family who are present	648
Females present who are not members of the family	49
Male members of the family who are present	568
Males present who are not members of the family	63
Number of adult females unable to read or write	40
Number of adult males unable to read or write	44
Number of blind females	1
Number of female births in the past year	23
Number of females	697
Number of females attending school	90
Number of lunatic females	2
Number of lunatic males	1
Number of male births in the past year	15
Number of males	631
Number of males attending school	105
Number of married females	214
Number of married males	209
Number of single females	456
Number of single males	405
Number of widowed females	27
Number of widowed males	17
POP FX N.1	697
POP MX N.1	631
POP TOT	1,328
POP XX N.1	1,328
Total population	1,328

Age structure (53 variables)

Variable	Value
Number of females age 3 to 4	21
Number of females aged 1 to 2	21
Number of females aged 2 to 3	18
Number of females aged 4 to 5	14
Number of females aged 5 to 10	80
Number of males aged 1 to 2	8
Number of males aged 2 to 3	18
Number of males aged 3 to 4	10
Number of males aged 4 to 5	23
Number of males aged 5 to 10	74
Number of married females aged 15 to 20	7
Number of married females aged 20 to 30	54
Number of married females aged 30 to 40	60
Number of married females aged 40 to 50	40
Number of married females aged 50 to 60	29
Number of married females aged 60 to 70	19
Number of married females aged 70 to 80	5
Number of married males aged 15 to 20	1
Number of married males aged 20 to 30	48
Number of married males aged 30 to 40	53
Number of married males aged 40 to 50	38
Number of married males aged 50 to 60	35
Number of married males aged 60 to 70	29
Number of married males aged 70 to 80	5
Number of single females aged 10 to 15	90
Number of single females aged 15 to 20	66
Number of single females aged 20 to 30	70
Number of single females aged 30 to 40	20
Number of single females aged 40 to 50	13
Number of single females aged 50 to 60	15
Number of single females aged 60 to 70	5
Number of single males aged 10 to 15	72
Number of single males aged 15 to 20	65
Number of single males aged 20 to 30	73
Number of single males aged 30 to 40	22
Number of single males aged 40 to 50	12
Number of single males aged 50 to 60	5
Number of single males aged 60 to 70	4
Number of single males aged 70 to 80	3
Number of single males aged 80 to 90	1
Number of widowed females aged 30 to 40	1
Number of widowed females aged 40 to 50	4
Number of widowed females aged 50 to 60	4
Number of widowed females aged 60 to 70	9
Number of widowed females aged 70 to 80	6
Number of widowed females aged 80 to 90	3
Number of widowed males aged 20 to 30	2
Number of widowed males aged 30 to 40	1
Number of widowed males aged 40 to 50	4
Number of widowed males aged 50 to 60	4
Number of widowed males aged 60 to 70	3
Number of widowed males aged 70 to 80	2
Number of widowed males aged 80 to 90	1

Ethnic origin (8 variables)

Variable	Value
Number of French Canadians	201
Number of persons native to Canada, not of French origin	857
Number of persons originating in England or Wales	11
Number of persons originating in Ireland	25
Number of persons originating in Scotland	4
Number of persons originating in Spain or Portugal	1
Number of persons originating in the United States	228
Number of persons whose origin is unknown	1

Agriculture (76 variables)

Variable	Value
Acres of barley	48
Acres of buckwheat	241
Acres of corn	284
Acres of farmland held by townspeople who are not farmers	48
Acres of farmland in gardens	204
Acres of farmland in pasture	4,988
Acres of farmland in woodland or forest	6,291
Acres of farmland under crops	6,367
Acres of farmland under cultivation	11,559
Acres of land in farms	17,850
Acres of oats	996
Acres of peas	83
Acres of potatoes	163
Acres of rye	8
Acres of spring wheat	353
Acres of turnips	8
Acres of winter wheat	2
Barrels of beef produced in the past year	854
Barrels of pork produced in the past year	457
Bushels of barley produced in the past year	937
Bushels of beans produced in the past year	258
Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year	5,755
Bushels of carrots produced in the past year	1,332
Bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed produced in the past year	60
Bushels of corn produced in the past year	9,891
Bushels of oats produced in the past year	26,762
Bushels of peas produced in the past year	1,474
Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year	20,048
Bushels of rye produced in the past year	100
Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year	4,879
Bushels of turnips produced in the past year	1,242
Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year	30
C18 WHT FALL AC	2
C19 WHT FALL BU	30
C20 WHT SP AC	353
C21 WHT SP BU	4,879
C22 BAR AC	48
C23 BAR BU	937
C24 RYE AC	8
C25 RYE BU	100
C26 PEA AC	83
C27 PEA BU	1,474
C28 OAT AC	996
C29 OAT BU	26,762
C30 BWT AC	241
C31 BWT BU	5,755
C34 POT AC	163
C35 POT BU	20,048
C43 HAY TONS	1,888
C47 WOOL LBS	7,087
C63 BEEF BAR	854
C64 PORK BAR	457
Gallons of cider produced in the past year	308
HRS ov03 V	24,295
Number of bulls, oxen, or steers	92
Number of calves and heifers	532
Number of horses aged 3 years and under	162
Number of horses aged over 3 years	366
Number of milk cows	974
Number of occupants of farms	157
Number of persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres	4
Number of persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres	44
Number of persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres	32
Number of persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres	61
Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres	16
Number of sheep	1,699
Number of swine	234
Pounds of cheese produced on farms in the past year	13,155
Pounds of homemade butter	90,190
Pounds of maple sugar produced in the past year	34,347
Pounds of wool produced on farms in the past year	7,087
Tons of hay produced in the past year	1,888
Value of all livestock	69,074
Value of farm implements in dollars	19,721
Value of farms (dollars)	523,729
Value of garden and orchard crops produced in the past year	2,834

Manufacturing & industry (5 variables)

Variable	Value
Number of carriages for pleasure	346
Value of carriages for pleasure (dollars)	10,715
Yards of flannel produced in the past year	636
Yards of fulled cloth produced in the past year	249
Yards of linen produced in the past year	11

Deaths & mortality (20 variables)

Variable	Value
Deaths in the past year among females aged 2 to 3	1
Deaths in the past year among females aged 30 to 40	1
Deaths in the past year among females aged 4 to 5	1
Deaths in the past year among females aged 5 to 10	1
Deaths in the past year among females aged 50 to 60	2
Deaths in the past year among females aged 70 to 80	1
Deaths in the past year among females aged 90 to 100	1
Deaths in the past year among females of all ages	13
Deaths in the past year among females of unknown age	4
Deaths in the past year among females under age 1	1
Deaths in the past year among males aged 1 to 2	1
Deaths in the past year among males aged 40 to 50	1
Deaths in the past year among males aged 5 to 10	1
Deaths in the past year among males aged 50 to 60	1
Deaths in the past year among males aged 70 to 80	1
Deaths in the past year among males aged 80 to 90	1
Deaths in the past year among males aged 90 to 100	1
Deaths in the past year among males of all ages	8
Deaths in the past year among males under age 1	1
Total number of deaths in the past year	21

Other recorded variables (148 variables)

Variable	Value
C01 TOTAL	157
C03 OCC 10 TO 20	4
C04 OCC 20 TO 50	32
C05 OCC 50 TO 100	61
C06 OCC 100 TO 200	44
C07 OCC OVR 200	16
C08 HELD	17,850
C09 UNDR CULT	11,559
C1 Males	631
C10 Deaths under 1 year M	1
C10 UNDR CROP	6,367
C106 Between 90 and 100 years Deaths M	1
C107 Between 90 and 100 years Deaths F	1
C11 Deaths under 1 year F	1
C11 UNDR PAST	4,988
C119 Ages not given Deaths F	4
C12 GARDENS	204
C12 Under 2 Years M	8
C120 Married M	209
C121 Single M	405
C122 Widowed M	17
C123 Total M	631
C124 Married F	214
C125 Single F	456
C126 Widows F	27
C127 Total F	697
C128 Grand Total	1,328
C129 Deaths M	8
C13 Under 2 Years F	21
C13 WOOD WILD	6,291
C130 Deaths F	13
C131 Deaths Total	21
C136 Attending School M	105
C137 Attending School F	90
C138 Adults unable to read or write M	44
C139 Adults unable to read or write F	40
C14 CASH FARM	523,729
C14 Deaths under 2 years M	1
C143 Blind F	1
C144 Lunatics M	1
C145 Lunatics F	2
C15 CASH IMP	19,721
C16 GARDN VALUE	2,834
C16 Under 3 years M	18
C17 LAND HELD	48
C17 Under 3 years F	18
C19 Deaths under 3 years F	1
C2 Females	697
C20 Under 4 years M	10
C21 Under 4 years F	21
C24 Under 5 years M	23
C25 Under 5 years F	14
C27 Deaths under 5 years F	1
C28 Between 5 and 10 Years M	74
C29 Between 5 and 10 years F	80
C3 Total	1,328
C30 Deaths between 5 and 10 years M	1
C31 Deaths between 5 and 10 years F	1
C32 INDN CRN AC	284
C33 Between 10 and 15 years Single M	72
C33 INDN CRN BU	9,891
C35 Between 10 and 15 years Single F	90
C36 TUR AC	8
C37 TUR BU	1,242
C38 Between 15 and 20 years Married M	1
C38 CAR BU	1,332
C39 Between 15 and 20 years Single M	65
C4 Members of Family M	568
C40 Between 15 and 20 years Married F	7
C41 BEN BU	258
C41 Between 15 and 20 years Single F	66
C42 CLV TIM GRA	60
C44 Between 20 and 30 years Married M	48
C45 Between 20 and 30 years Single M	73
C45 MPL SGR LBS	34,347
C46 Between 20 and 30 years Widowers M	2
C46 CID GAL	308
C47 Between 20 and 30 years Married F	54
C48 Between 20 and 30 years Single F	70
C48 FLLD CLOTH YRDS	249
C49 FLAN YRDS	636
C5 Members of Family F	648
C51 LIN YRDS	11
C52 Between 30 and 40 years Married M	53
C52 BULLS OX STEERS	92
C53 Between 30 and 40 years Single M	22
C53 MILK COWS	974
C54 Between 30 and 40 years Widowers M	1
C54 CALVES HEIFERS	532
C55 Between 30 and 40 years Married F	60
C55 HORSES	366
C56 Between 30 and 40 years Single F	20
C56 HORSES VAL	24,295
C57 Between 30 and 40 years Widows F	1
C57 COLTS FILLIES	162
C58 SHEEP	1,699
C59 Between 30 and 40 years Deaths F	1
C59 SWINE	234
C6 Not Members of Family M	63
C60 Between 40 and 50 years Married M	38
C60 TOT VALUE	69,074
C61 Between 40 and 50 years Single M	12
C61 BUTTER LB	90,190
C62 Between 40 and 50 years Widowers M	4
C62 CHEESE LB	13,155
C63 Between 40 and 50 years Married F	40
C64 Between 40 and 50 years Single F	13
C65 Between 40 and 50 years Widows F	4
C66 Between 40 and 50 years Deaths M	1
C68 Between 50 and 60 years Married M	35
C68 CAR PLEASURE	346
C69 Between 50 and 60 years Single M	5
C69 VALUE DOL P	10,715
C7 Not Members of Family F	49
C70 Between 50 and 60 years Widowers M	4
C71 Between 50 and 60 years Married F	29
C72 Between 50 and 60 years Single F	15
C73 Between 50 and 60 years Widows F	4
C74 Between 50 and 60 years Deaths M	1
C75 Between 50 and 60 years Deaths F	2
C76 Between 60 and 70 years Married M	29
C77 Between 60 and 70 years Single M	4
C78 Between 60 and 70 years Widowers M	3
C79 Between 60 and 70 years Married F	19
C8 Births in 1860 M	15
C80 Between 60 and 70 years Single F	5
C81 Between 60 and 70 years Widows F	9
C84 Between 70 and 80 years Married M	5
C85 Between 70 and 80 years Single M	3
C86 Between 70 and 80 years Widowers M	2
C87 Between 70 and 80 years Married F	5
C89 Between 70 and 80 years Widows F	6
C9 Births in 1860 F	23
C90 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths M	1
C91 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths F	1
C93 Between 80 and 90 years Single M	1
C94 Between 80 and 90 years Widowers M	1
C97 Between 80 and 90 years Widows F	3
C98 Between 80 and 90 years Deaths M	1
CD NAME	Missisquoi
England and Wales	11
Ireland	25
Natives of Canada French Origin	201
Natives of Canada Not of French Origin	857
Not Known	1
Scotland	4
Spain and Portugal	1
United States	228

Identifiers

TCP UID: QC033005 — year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file
Persistent place ID: PLACE_QC072006 — computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years
Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.

Sources

Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.

Cite this page

Clifford, J. (2026). "St. Armand W-O, Quebec (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/qc/st-armand-w-o-qc033005-1861/.