St. Ephrem d'Upton, Quebec (1891 census)
St. Ephrem d'Upton was a census subdivision in Quebec, recorded in the 1891 Census of Canada with a population of 1,314. The administrative centroid was at approximately 45.680°N, 72.679°W.
Population
In 1891, St. Ephrem d'Upton had a population of 1,314: 680 male and 634 female residents. Population density was 41.6 people per square mile.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1881 | 1,137 |
| 1891 | 1,314 |
| 1901 | 1,035 |
| 1911 | 987 |
| 1921 | 941 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Boundary continuity (non-identical overlaps)
Spatial polygon overlaps with adjacent census years where the boundary shifted enough that the SAME_AS chain didn't merge them. These show where the territory came from and went to even when it isn't tracked as the same persistent place.
Later boundary forms
- In a later year, this CSD contained St. Ephrem d'Upton, 1901 (71.7% of this CSD's polygon).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1891
In the 1891 census, St. Ephrem d'Upton shared boundaries with:
- St. André
- St. Ephrem d’Upton, Village
- St. Eugène de Grantham
- St. Germain de Grantham
- St. Liboire
- St. Théodore d'Acton
- St. Valérien
- Ste. Hélène
Full census record, 1891
The 1891 census recorded 150 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 6 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (15 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Average size of families | 5.30 |
| FAM NO | 247 |
| Number of families | 247 |
| Number of females | 634 |
| Number of males | 680 |
| Number of married females | 230 |
| Number of married males | 228 |
| Number of married persons | 458 |
| Number of widowed females | 18 |
| Number of widowed males | 10 |
| Number of widowed persons | 28 |
| POP F | 634 |
| POP M | 680 |
| POP TOT | 1,314 |
| Total population | 1,314 |
Age structure (3 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of single females under 18 | 386 |
| Number of single males under 18 | 442 |
| Number of single persons under 18 | 828 |
Ethnic origin (2 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of French Canadians | 1,300 |
| Number of persons who are not French Canadian | 14 |
Buildings & housing (8 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of houses | 198 |
| Number of houses built of brick | 1 |
| Number of houses built of wood | 197 |
| Number of houses of 1 room | 13 |
| Number of houses of 1 story | 100 |
| Number of houses of 2 rooms | 30 |
| Number of houses of 2 stories | 98 |
| Number of occupied houses | 198 |
Agriculture (64 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of barley | 188 |
| Acres of farmland in gardens or orchards | 52 |
| Acres of farmland in pasture | 4,131 |
| Acres of farmland in woodland or forest | 5,172 |
| Acres of farmland under crops | 8,323 |
| Acres of hay crops | 4,095 |
| Acres of improved land in farms | 12,506 |
| Acres of land in farms | 17,678 |
| Acres of oats | 1,833 |
| Acres of potatoes | 105 |
| Acres of turnips | 39 |
| Acres of wheat | 295 |
| BAR AC | 188 |
| BAR BU | 2,057 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 2,057 |
| Bushels of beans produced in the past year | 54 |
| Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year | 1,594 |
| Bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed produced in the past year | 134 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 440 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 22,398 |
| Bushels of peas produced in the past year | 3,203 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 11,510 |
| Bushels of rye produced in the past year | 26 |
| Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year | 2,461 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 656 |
| BWT BU | 1,594 |
| CRN BU | 440 |
| HAY AC | 4,095 |
| HAY TONS | 2,801 |
| Number of cattle killed or sold in the past year | 169 |
| Number of chickens | 2,544 |
| Number of ducks | 13 |
| Number of employees on farms | 8 |
| Number of farm occupants who own their land | 177 |
| Number of farm occupants who rent their land | 30 |
| Number of geese | 24 |
| Number of horses aged 3 years and under | 129 |
| Number of horses aged over 3 years | 329 |
| Number of milk cows | 639 |
| Number of occupants of farms | 215 |
| Number of other cattle | 407 |
| Number of oxen | 9 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 101 and 200 acres | 26 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 11 and 50 acres | 55 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 51 and 100 acres | 110 |
| Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres | 5 |
| Number of persons living on farms under 10 acres | 19 |
| Number of sheep | 915 |
| Number of sheep slaughtered or sold | 543 |
| Number of swine | 474 |
| Number of swine slaughtered or sold | 390 |
| Number of turkeys | 20 |
| OAT AC | 1,833 |
| OAT BU | 22,398 |
| PEA BU | 3,203 |
| POT AC | 105 |
| POT BU | 11,510 |
| Pounds of cheese produced on farms in the past year | 300 |
| Pounds of coarse wool produced on farms in the past year | 3,716 |
| Pounds of homemade butter | 43,605 |
| RYE BU | 26 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 2,801 |
| WHT AC | 295 |
| WHT SP BU | 2,461 |
Other recorded variables (58 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| A 101 200 | 26 |
| A 11 50 | 55 |
| A 201 PL | 5 |
| A 51 100 | 110 |
| BEN BU | 54 |
| BUTTER LB | 43,605 |
| CATTLE KS | 169 |
| CHEESE LB | 300 |
| CHILD AND UNMD FEM | 386 |
| CHILD AND UNMD MALE | 442 |
| CHILD AND UNMD TOT | 828 |
| COARSE WOOL LB | 3,716 |
| COLTS FILLIES | 129 |
| DUCKS | 13 |
| FAMILIES | 247 |
| FAMILIES AV SIZE | 5.30 |
| FRN CA | 1,300 |
| GEESE | 24 |
| GRA BU | 134 |
| HENS AND CHKN | 2,544 |
| HORSES OVR THREE | 329 |
| HOUSES | 198 |
| HOUSES B | 1 |
| HOUSES ONE RM | 13 |
| HOUSES ONE STRY | 100 |
| HOUSES TWO RM | 30 |
| HOUSES TWO STRY | 98 |
| HOUSES W | 197 |
| INF 11 A | 19 |
| MD FEM | 230 |
| MD MALE | 228 |
| MD TOT | 458 |
| MILK COWS | 639 |
| NAME CD | Bagot |
| OC E | 8 |
| OC F | 30 |
| OC P | 177 |
| OC TOT | 215 |
| OTHER HRN CATTLE | 407 |
| OTHERS | 14 |
| SHEEP | 915 |
| SHEEP KS | 543 |
| SUP AM | 12,506 |
| SUP FOR | 5,172 |
| SUP JV | 52 |
| SUP PAT | 4,131 |
| SUP SC | 8,323 |
| SUP TOT | 17,678 |
| SWINE | 474 |
| SWINE KS | 390 |
| TOT DWLG OCC | 198 |
| TUR AC | 39 |
| TUR BU | 656 |
| TURKEY | 20 |
| WID FEM | 18 |
| WID MALE | 10 |
| WID TOT | 28 |
| WORKING OX | 9 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
QC138004— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_QC039004— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1891 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "St. Ephrem d'Upton, Quebec (1891 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/qc/st-ephrem-d-upton-qc138004-1891/.