St. Thomas, Quebec (1861 census)
St. Thomas was a census subdivision in Montmagny County, Quebec, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 3,020. The administrative centroid was at approximately 46.945°N, 70.539°W.
Population
In 1861, St. Thomas had a population of 3,020: 1,528 male and 1,492 female residents. Population density was 61.7 people per square mile.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1851 | 2,994 |
| 1861 | 3,020 |
| 1871 | 2,893 |
| 1881 | 3,162 |
| 1891 | 2,849 |
| 1901 | 2,698 |
| 1911 | 2,689 |
| 1921 | 2,964 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861
In the 1861 census, St. Thomas shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1861
The 1861 census recorded 346 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 8 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (23 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Female members of the family who are present | 1,438 |
| Females present who are not members of the family | 54 |
| Male members of the family who are present | 1,482 |
| Males present who are not members of the family | 46 |
| Number of adult females unable to read or write | 252 |
| Number of adult males unable to read or write | 276 |
| Number of female births in the past year | 43 |
| Number of females | 1,492 |
| Number of females attending school | 179 |
| Number of male births in the past year | 50 |
| Number of males | 1,528 |
| Number of males attending school | 185 |
| Number of married females | 400 |
| Number of married males | 416 |
| Number of single females | 1,024 |
| Number of single males | 1,068 |
| Number of widowed females | 68 |
| Number of widowed males | 44 |
| POP FX N.1 | 1,492 |
| POP MX N.1 | 1,528 |
| POP TOT | 3,020 |
| POP XX N.1 | 3,020 |
| Total population | 3,020 |
Age structure (59 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of females age 3 to 4 | 42 |
| Number of females aged 1 to 2 | 42 |
| Number of females aged 2 to 3 | 42 |
| Number of females aged 4 to 5 | 39 |
| Number of females aged 5 to 10 | 181 |
| Number of females of unknown age | 5 |
| Number of males aged 1 to 2 | 49 |
| Number of males aged 2 to 3 | 49 |
| Number of males aged 3 to 4 | 46 |
| Number of males aged 4 to 5 | 43 |
| Number of males aged 5 to 10 | 180 |
| Number of males of unknown age | 6 |
| Number of married females aged 15 to 20 | 1 |
| Number of married females aged 20 to 30 | 76 |
| Number of married females aged 30 to 40 | 114 |
| Number of married females aged 40 to 50 | 84 |
| Number of married females aged 50 to 60 | 77 |
| Number of married females aged 60 to 70 | 32 |
| Number of married females aged 70 to 80 | 15 |
| Number of married females aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of married males aged 20 to 30 | 51 |
| Number of married males aged 30 to 40 | 112 |
| Number of married males aged 40 to 50 | 89 |
| Number of married males aged 50 to 60 | 84 |
| Number of married males aged 60 to 70 | 51 |
| Number of married males aged 70 to 80 | 22 |
| Number of married males aged 80 to 90 | 7 |
| Number of single females aged 10 to 15 | 166 |
| Number of single females aged 15 to 20 | 190 |
| Number of single females aged 20 to 30 | 202 |
| Number of single females aged 30 to 40 | 27 |
| Number of single females aged 40 to 50 | 15 |
| Number of single females aged 50 to 60 | 18 |
| Number of single females aged 60 to 70 | 10 |
| Number of single females aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Number of single females aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of single males aged 10 to 15 | 180 |
| Number of single males aged 15 to 20 | 180 |
| Number of single males aged 20 to 30 | 222 |
| Number of single males aged 30 to 40 | 30 |
| Number of single males aged 40 to 50 | 15 |
| Number of single males aged 50 to 60 | 10 |
| Number of single males aged 60 to 70 | 5 |
| Number of single males aged 70 to 80 | 2 |
| Number of widowed females aged 30 to 40 | 2 |
| Number of widowed females aged 40 to 50 | 5 |
| Number of widowed females aged 50 to 60 | 19 |
| Number of widowed females aged 60 to 70 | 11 |
| Number of widowed females aged 70 to 80 | 18 |
| Number of widowed females aged 80 to 90 | 12 |
| Number of widowed females aged 90 to 100 | 1 |
| Number of widowed males aged 20 to 30 | 1 |
| Number of widowed males aged 30 to 40 | 3 |
| Number of widowed males aged 40 to 50 | 3 |
| Number of widowed males aged 50 to 60 | 11 |
| Number of widowed males aged 60 to 70 | 14 |
| Number of widowed males aged 70 to 80 | 8 |
| Number of widowed males aged 80 to 90 | 3 |
| Number of widowed males aged 90 to 100 | 1 |
Ethnic origin (2 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of French Canadians | 3,020 |
| Number of Indigenous persons | 4 |
Agriculture (79 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of barley | 154 |
| Acres of buckwheat | 7 |
| Acres of corn | 3 |
| Acres of farmland held by townspeople who are not farmers | 47 |
| Acres of farmland in gardens | 331 |
| Acres of farmland in pasture | 8,267 |
| Acres of farmland in woodland or forest | 15,871 |
| Acres of farmland under crops | 8,318 |
| Acres of farmland under cultivation | 16,916 |
| Acres of land in farms | 32,787 |
| Acres of oats | 3,334 |
| Acres of peas | 70 |
| Acres of potatoes | 346 |
| Acres of rye | 352 |
| Acres of spring wheat | 713 |
| Acres of turnips | 7 |
| Acres of winter wheat | 1 |
| Barrels of beef produced in the past year | 377 |
| Barrels of pork produced in the past year | 1,449 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 3,042 |
| Bushels of beans produced in the past year | 56 |
| Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year | 53 |
| Bushels of carrots produced in the past year | 39 |
| Bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed produced in the past year | 114 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 77 |
| Bushels of mangel wurtzel produced in the past year | 45 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 65,075 |
| Bushels of peas produced in the past year | 841 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 46,296 |
| Bushels of rye produced in the past year | 3,050 |
| Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year | 7,452 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 1,775 |
| Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year | 20 |
| C18 WHT FALL AC | 1 |
| C19 WHT FALL BU | 20 |
| C20 WHT SP AC | 713 |
| C21 WHT SP BU | 7,452 |
| C22 BAR AC | 154 |
| C23 BAR BU | 3,042 |
| C24 RYE AC | 352 |
| C25 RYE BU | 3,050 |
| C26 PEA AC | 70 |
| C27 PEA BU | 841 |
| C28 OAT AC | 3,334 |
| C29 OAT BU | 65,075 |
| C30 BWT AC | 7 |
| C31 BWT BU | 53 |
| C34 POT AC | 346 |
| C35 POT BU | 46,296 |
| C43 HAY TONS | 4,704 |
| C47 WOOL LBS | 7,030 |
| C63 BEEF BAR | 377 |
| C64 PORK BAR | 1,449 |
| HRS ov03 V | 33,177 |
| Number of bulls, oxen, or steers | 235 |
| Number of calves and heifers | 803 |
| Number of horses aged 3 years and under | 123 |
| Number of horses aged over 3 years | 523 |
| Number of milk cows | 1,541 |
| Number of occupants of farms | 361 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres | 25 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres | 102 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres | 45 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres | 73 |
| Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres | 37 |
| Number of persons living on farms under 10 acres | 79 |
| Number of sheep | 1,668 |
| Number of swine | 1,028 |
| Pounds of cheese produced on farms in the past year | 49 |
| Pounds of flax or hemp produced in the past year | 3,990 |
| Pounds of homemade butter | 127,816 |
| Pounds of hops produced in the past year | 25 |
| Pounds of maple sugar produced in the past year | 27,655 |
| Pounds of wool produced on farms in the past year | 7,030 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 4,704 |
| Value of all livestock | 92,732 |
| Value of farm implements in dollars | 24,018 |
| Value of farms (dollars) | 588,002 |
| Value of garden and orchard crops produced in the past year | 6,225 |
Manufacturing & industry (5 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of carriages for pleasure | 774 |
| Value of carriages for pleasure (dollars) | 13,590 |
| Yards of flannel produced in the past year | 5,089 |
| Yards of fulled cloth produced in the past year | 3,698 |
| Yards of linen produced in the past year | 4,706 |
Fisheries (3 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Barrels of salted fish sold in the past year | 181 |
| Pounds of fresh fish sold in the past year | 63 |
| Quintals of dried fish sold in the past year | 5,467 |
Deaths & mortality (22 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 1 to 2 | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 2 to 3 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 3 to 4 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 30 to 40 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 40 to 50 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 50 to 60 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 60 to 70 | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 80 to 90 | 4 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of all ages | 23 |
| Deaths in the past year among females under age 1 | 4 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 1 to 2 | 4 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 2 to 3 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 20 to 30 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 5 to 10 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 60 to 70 | 5 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 80 to 90 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 90 to 100 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of all ages | 27 |
| Deaths in the past year among males under age 1 | 8 |
| Total number of deaths in the past year | 50 |
Other recorded variables (153 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| C01 TOTAL | 361 |
| C02 OCC UNDR 10 | 79 |
| C03 OCC 10 TO 20 | 25 |
| C04 OCC 20 TO 50 | 45 |
| C05 OCC 50 TO 100 | 73 |
| C06 OCC 100 TO 200 | 102 |
| C07 OCC OVR 200 | 37 |
| C08 HELD | 32,787 |
| C09 UNDR CULT | 16,916 |
| C1 Males | 1,528 |
| C10 Deaths under 1 year M | 8 |
| C10 UNDR CROP | 8,318 |
| C102 Between 90 and 100 years Widowers M | 1 |
| C105 Between 90 and 100 years Widows F | 1 |
| C106 Between 90 and 100 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C11 Deaths under 1 year F | 4 |
| C11 UNDR PAST | 8,267 |
| C116 Ages not given M | 6 |
| C117 Ages not given F | 5 |
| C12 GARDENS | 331 |
| C12 Under 2 Years M | 49 |
| C120 Married M | 416 |
| C121 Single M | 1,068 |
| C122 Widowed M | 44 |
| C123 Total M | 1,528 |
| C124 Married F | 400 |
| C125 Single F | 1,024 |
| C126 Widows F | 68 |
| C127 Total F | 1,492 |
| C128 Grand Total | 3,020 |
| C129 Deaths M | 27 |
| C13 Under 2 Years F | 42 |
| C13 WOOD WILD | 15,871 |
| C130 Deaths F | 23 |
| C131 Deaths Total | 50 |
| C136 Attending School M | 185 |
| C137 Attending School F | 179 |
| C138 Adults unable to read or write M | 276 |
| C139 Adults unable to read or write F | 252 |
| C14 CASH FARM | 588,002 |
| C14 Deaths under 2 years M | 4 |
| C15 CASH IMP | 24,018 |
| C15 Deaths under 2 years F | 3 |
| C16 GARDN VALUE | 6,225 |
| C16 Under 3 years M | 49 |
| C17 LAND HELD | 47 |
| C17 Under 3 years F | 42 |
| C18 Deaths under 3 years M | 2 |
| C19 Deaths under 3 years F | 1 |
| C2 Females | 1,492 |
| C20 Under 4 years M | 46 |
| C21 Under 4 years F | 42 |
| C23 Deaths under 4 years F | 1 |
| C24 Under 5 years M | 43 |
| C25 Under 5 years F | 39 |
| C28 Between 5 and 10 Years M | 180 |
| C29 Between 5 and 10 years F | 181 |
| C3 Total | 3,020 |
| C30 Deaths between 5 and 10 years M | 1 |
| C32 INDN CRN AC | 3 |
| C33 Between 10 and 15 years Single M | 180 |
| C33 INDN CRN BU | 77 |
| C35 Between 10 and 15 years Single F | 166 |
| C36 TUR AC | 7 |
| C37 TUR BU | 1,775 |
| C38 CAR BU | 39 |
| C39 Between 15 and 20 years Single M | 180 |
| C4 Members of Family M | 1,482 |
| C40 Between 15 and 20 years Married F | 1 |
| C40 MAN WURT BU | 45 |
| C41 BEN BU | 56 |
| C41 Between 15 and 20 years Single F | 190 |
| C42 CLV TIM GRA | 114 |
| C44 Between 20 and 30 years Married M | 51 |
| C44 HOP LBS | 25 |
| C45 Between 20 and 30 years Single M | 222 |
| C45 MPL SGR LBS | 27,655 |
| C46 Between 20 and 30 years Widowers M | 1 |
| C47 Between 20 and 30 years Married F | 76 |
| C48 Between 20 and 30 years Single F | 202 |
| C48 FLLD CLOTH YRDS | 3,698 |
| C49 FLAN YRDS | 5,089 |
| C5 Members of Family F | 1,438 |
| C50 Between 20 and 30 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C50 FLX HEM LBS | 3,990 |
| C51 LIN YRDS | 4,706 |
| C52 Between 30 and 40 years Married M | 112 |
| C52 BULLS OX STEERS | 235 |
| C53 Between 30 and 40 years Single M | 30 |
| C53 MILK COWS | 1,541 |
| C54 Between 30 and 40 years Widowers M | 3 |
| C54 CALVES HEIFERS | 803 |
| C55 Between 30 and 40 years Married F | 114 |
| C55 HORSES | 523 |
| C56 Between 30 and 40 years Single F | 27 |
| C56 HORSES VAL | 33,177 |
| C57 Between 30 and 40 years Widows F | 2 |
| C57 COLTS FILLIES | 123 |
| C58 SHEEP | 1,668 |
| C59 Between 30 and 40 years Deaths F | 2 |
| C59 SWINE | 1,028 |
| C6 Not Members of Family M | 46 |
| C60 Between 40 and 50 years Married M | 89 |
| C60 TOT VALUE | 92,732 |
| C61 Between 40 and 50 years Single M | 15 |
| C61 BUTTER LB | 127,816 |
| C62 Between 40 and 50 years Widowers M | 3 |
| C62 CHEESE LB | 49 |
| C63 Between 40 and 50 years Married F | 84 |
| C64 Between 40 and 50 years Single F | 15 |
| C65 Between 40 and 50 years Widows F | 5 |
| C65 FISH QUIN | 5,467 |
| C66 FISH SALTED | 181 |
| C67 Between 40 and 50 years Deaths F | 1 |
| C67 FISH FRESH | 63 |
| C68 Between 50 and 60 years Married M | 84 |
| C68 CAR PLEASURE | 774 |
| C69 Between 50 and 60 years Single M | 10 |
| C69 VALUE DOL P | 13,590 |
| C7 Not Members of Family F | 54 |
| C70 Between 50 and 60 years Widowers M | 11 |
| C71 Between 50 and 60 years Married F | 77 |
| C72 Between 50 and 60 years Single F | 18 |
| C73 Between 50 and 60 years Widows F | 19 |
| C75 Between 50 and 60 years Deaths F | 2 |
| C76 Between 60 and 70 years Married M | 51 |
| C77 Between 60 and 70 years Single M | 5 |
| C78 Between 60 and 70 years Widowers M | 14 |
| C79 Between 60 and 70 years Married F | 32 |
| C8 Births in 1860 M | 50 |
| C80 Between 60 and 70 years Single F | 10 |
| C81 Between 60 and 70 years Widows F | 11 |
| C82 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths M | 5 |
| C83 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths F | 3 |
| C84 Between 70 and 80 years Married M | 22 |
| C85 Between 70 and 80 years Single M | 2 |
| C86 Between 70 and 80 years Widowers M | 8 |
| C87 Between 70 and 80 years Married F | 15 |
| C88 Between 70 and 80 years Single F | 1 |
| C89 Between 70 and 80 years Widows F | 18 |
| C9 Births in 1860 F | 43 |
| C90 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C91 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths F | 1 |
| C92 Between 80 and 90 years Married M | 7 |
| C94 Between 80 and 90 years Widowers M | 3 |
| C95 Between 80 and 90 years Married F | 1 |
| C96 Between 80 and 90 years Single F | 1 |
| C97 Between 80 and 90 years Widows F | 12 |
| C98 Between 80 and 90 years Deaths M | 2 |
| C99 Between 80 and 90 years Deaths F | 4 |
| CD NAME | Montmagny |
| Indians | 4 |
| Natives of Canada French Origin | 3,020 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
QC035012— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_QC074013_1851— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "St. Thomas, Quebec (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/qc/st-thomas-qc035012-1861/.