Elma, Ontario (1891 census)

Elma was a census subdivision in Ontario, recorded in the 1891 Census of Canada with a population of 4,231. The community is grounded to Wikidata Q115261391. The administrative centroid was at approximately 43.655°N, 81.011°W.

Population

In 1891, Elma had a population of 4,231: 2,158 male and 2,073 female residents.

Population trajectory across census years

Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).

Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1891

In the 1891 census, Elma shared boundaries with:

• Ellice
• Grey
• Listowel, T-V
• Logan
• Mornington
• Wallace

Full census record, 1891

The 1891 census recorded 87 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 5 categories.

Population & families (1891). This community's record includes 4,231 total population, 2,158 males, 2,073 females, 1,397 married persons, 800 families, 702 married females, 695 married males, 147 widowed persons, 81 widowed females, 66 widowed males, 5.30 average size of families. (Source: 1891 Census of Canada, V1T2; V1T3.)

Age structure (1891). This community's record includes 2,687 single persons under 18, 1,397 single males under 18, 1,290 single females under 18. (Source: 1891 Census of Canada, V1T3.)

Ethnic origin (1891). This community's record includes 4,229 persons who are not French Canadian, 2 French Canadians. (Source: 1891 Census of Canada, V1T3.)

Buildings & housing (1891). This community's record includes 791 houses, 791 occupied houses, 707 houses of 1 story, 626 houses built of wood, 390 houses of 6 to 10 rooms, 151 houses built of brick, 121 houses of 4 rooms, 112 houses of 5 rooms, 91 houses of 3 rooms, 83 houses of 2 stories, 39 houses of 2 rooms, 29 houses of 11 to 15 rooms, 22 uninhabited houses, 14 houses built of stone, 5 houses of 1 room, 4 houses of over 15 rooms, 4 houses under construction, 1 houses of 3 stories. (Source: 1891 Census of Canada, V1T2.)

Agriculture (1891). This community's record includes 264,239 bushels of oats, 190,789 bushels of turnips, 105,450 pounds of homemade butter, 61,821 acres of land in farms, 49,058 bushels of potatoes, 47,129 bushels of winter wheat, 46,540 bushels of peas, 44,489 acres of improved land in farms, 36,661 bushels of barley, 32,406 acres of farmland under crops, 25,060 chickens, 17,332 acres of farmland in woodland or forest, 13,458 pounds of cheese produced on farms, 12,980 tons of hay, 12,844 bushels of spring wheat, 11,340 acres of farmland in pasture, 10,971 pounds of coarse wool produced on farms, 9,511 acres of oats, 8,193 acres of hay crops, 6,239 bushels of corn, 5,527 pounds of fine wool produced on farms, 4,502 milk cows, 4,313 swine, 4,048 other cattle, 3,986 swine slaughtered or sold, 3,891 acres of wheat, 3,242 sheep, 2,252 sheep slaughtered or sold, 1,857 cattle killed or sold, 1,698 acres of barley, 1,620 horses aged over 3 years, 904 geese, 777 occupants of farms, 771 horses aged 3 years and under, 743 acres of farmland in gardens or orchards, 667 farm occupants who own their land, 626 ducks, 618 acres of turnips, 441 acres of potatoes, 394 bushels of buckwheat, 282 persons living on farms between 51 and 100 acres, 244 turkeys, 217 persons living on farms under 10 acres, 180 bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed, 170 bushels of rye, Capacity of silos (tons): 140, 135 persons living on farms between 101 and 200 acres, 126 bushels of beans, 118 persons living on farms between 11 and 50 acres, 110 farm occupants who rent their land, 43 other fowl, 25 persons living on farms over 200 acres, 16 oxen. (Source: 1891 Census of Canada, V2T16; V4T2; V4T3.)

People with Dictionary of Canadian Biography entries

The Dictionary of Canadian Biography includes biographies of 1 person connected to this place who were alive in 1891, listed below by birth year. Each name links to that person's DCB entry.

Identifiers

• TCP UID: ON108002 — year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file
• Persistent place ID: PLACE_ON137006 — computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years
• Wikidata: Q115261391

Sources

Census tabulations from the 1891 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.

Cite this page

Clifford, J. (2026). "Elma, Ontario (1891 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/elma-on108002-1891/.