Hamilton, Ontario (1861 census)
Hamilton was a census subdivision in Northumberland County, Ontario, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 6,315. The administrative centroid was at approximately 44.049°N, 78.213°W.
Population
In 1861, Hamilton had a population of 6,315: 3,328 male and 2,987 female residents. Population density was 51.4 people per square mile.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1851 | 5,008 |
| 1861 | 6,315 |
| 1871 | 5,721 |
| 1881 | 5,155 |
| 1891 | 4,313 |
| 1901 | 3,623 |
| 1911 | 3,414 |
| 1921 | 3,026 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861
In the 1861 census, Hamilton shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1861
The 1861 census recorded 384 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 7 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (27 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Female members of the family who are present | 2,742 |
| Females present who are not members of the family | 245 |
| Male members of the family who are present | 3,007 |
| Males present who are not members of the family | 321 |
| Number of adult females unable to read or write | 14 |
| Number of adult males unable to read or write | 116 |
| Number of deaf and dumb males | 1 |
| Number of female births in the past year | 86 |
| Number of females | 2,987 |
| Number of females attending school | 561 |
| Number of lunatic females | 1 |
| Number of lunatic males | 5 |
| Number of male births in the past year | 108 |
| Number of males | 3,328 |
| Number of males attending school | 718 |
| Number of married females | 928 |
| Number of married males | 1,038 |
| Number of persons at sea | 1 |
| Number of single females | 1,935 |
| Number of single males | 2,230 |
| Number of widowed females | 124 |
| Number of widowed males | 60 |
| POP FX N.1 | 2,987 |
| POP MX N.1 | 3,328 |
| POP TOT | 6,315 |
| POP XX N.1 | 6,315 |
| Total population | 6,315 |
Age structure (58 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of females age 3 to 4 | 118 |
| Number of females aged 1 to 2 | 110 |
| Number of females aged 2 to 3 | 118 |
| Number of females aged 4 to 5 | 120 |
| Number of females aged 5 to 10 | 376 |
| Number of females of unknown age | 1 |
| Number of males aged 1 to 2 | 114 |
| Number of males aged 2 to 3 | 144 |
| Number of males aged 3 to 4 | 106 |
| Number of males aged 4 to 5 | 118 |
| Number of males aged 5 to 10 | 444 |
| Number of married females aged 15 to 20 | 18 |
| Number of married females aged 20 to 30 | 284 |
| Number of married females aged 30 to 40 | 280 |
| Number of married females aged 40 to 50 | 180 |
| Number of married females aged 50 to 60 | 92 |
| Number of married females aged 60 to 70 | 64 |
| Number of married females aged 70 to 80 | 9 |
| Number of married females aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of married males aged 15 to 20 | 3 |
| Number of married males aged 20 to 30 | 272 |
| Number of married males aged 30 to 40 | 336 |
| Number of married males aged 40 to 50 | 228 |
| Number of married males aged 50 to 60 | 126 |
| Number of married males aged 60 to 70 | 56 |
| Number of married males aged 70 to 80 | 14 |
| Number of married males aged 80 to 90 | 3 |
| Number of single females aged 10 to 15 | 425 |
| Number of single females aged 15 to 20 | 378 |
| Number of single females aged 20 to 30 | 148 |
| Number of single females aged 30 to 40 | 36 |
| Number of single females aged 40 to 50 | 5 |
| Number of single females aged 50 to 60 | 8 |
| Number of single females aged 60 to 70 | 3 |
| Number of single females aged 70 to 80 | 2 |
| Number of single females aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of single males aged 10 to 15 | 364 |
| Number of single males aged 15 to 20 | 366 |
| Number of single males aged 20 to 30 | 378 |
| Number of single males aged 30 to 40 | 54 |
| Number of single males aged 40 to 50 | 22 |
| Number of single males aged 50 to 60 | 6 |
| Number of single males aged 60 to 70 | 6 |
| Number of widowed females aged 20 to 30 | 11 |
| Number of widowed females aged 30 to 40 | 12 |
| Number of widowed females aged 40 to 50 | 27 |
| Number of widowed females aged 50 to 60 | 32 |
| Number of widowed females aged 60 to 70 | 21 |
| Number of widowed females aged 70 to 80 | 16 |
| Number of widowed females aged 80 to 90 | 5 |
| Number of widowed males aged 20 to 30 | 1 |
| Number of widowed males aged 30 to 40 | 8 |
| Number of widowed males aged 40 to 50 | 12 |
| Number of widowed males aged 50 to 60 | 11 |
| Number of widowed males aged 60 to 70 | 19 |
| Number of widowed males aged 70 to 80 | 6 |
| Number of widowed males aged 80 to 90 | 3 |
| Number of widowed males aged 90 to 100 | 1 |
Ethnic origin (15 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of female negroes or coloured persons | 7 |
| Number of French Canadians | 14 |
| Number of male negroes or coloured persons | 14 |
| Number of negroes or coloured persons | 3 |
| Number of persons native to Canada, not of French origin | 3,787 |
| Number of persons originating in all other places | 9 |
| Number of persons originating in England or Wales | 843 |
| Number of persons originating in France | 13 |
| Number of persons originating in Germany or Holland | 2 |
| Number of persons originating in Ireland | 981 |
| Number of persons originating in New Brunswick | 3 |
| Number of persons originating in Scotland | 514 |
| Number of persons originating in the East Indies | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in the United States | 145 |
| Number of persons originating in the West Indies | 2 |
Agriculture (81 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of barley | 300 |
| Acres of buckwheat | 83 |
| Acres of corn | 451 |
| Acres of farmland held by townspeople who are not farmers | 1,331 |
| Acres of farmland in gardens | 703 |
| Acres of farmland in pasture | 10,732 |
| Acres of farmland in woodland or forest | 13,711 |
| Acres of farmland under crops | 29,456 |
| Acres of farmland under cultivation | 40,891 |
| Acres of land in farms | 54,602 |
| Acres of mangel wurtzel | 46 |
| Acres of oats | 3,075 |
| Acres of peas | 4,422 |
| Acres of potatoes | 854 |
| Acres of rye | 163 |
| Acres of spring wheat | 7,713 |
| Acres of turnips | 387 |
| Acres of winter wheat | 2,107 |
| Barrels of beef produced in the past year | 956 |
| Barrels of pork produced in the past year | 2,219 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 7,696 |
| Bushels of beans produced in the past year | 155 |
| Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year | 1,831 |
| Bushels of carrots produced in the past year | 72,877 |
| Bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed produced in the past year | 254 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 11,726 |
| Bushels of mangel wurtzel produced in the past year | 25,989 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 102,693 |
| Bushels of peas produced in the past year | 79,279 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 84,215 |
| Bushels of rye produced in the past year | 2,168 |
| Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year | 153,148 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 146,046 |
| Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year | 32,781 |
| C18 WHT FALL AC | 2,107 |
| C19 WHT FALL BU | 32,781 |
| C20 WHT SP AC | 7,713 |
| C21 WHT SP BU | 153,148 |
| C22 BAR AC | 300 |
| C23 BAR BU | 7,696 |
| C24 RYE AC | 163 |
| C25 RYE BU | 2,168 |
| C26 PEA AC | 4,422 |
| C27 PEA BU | 79,279 |
| C28 OAT AC | 3,075 |
| C29 OAT BU | 102,693 |
| C30 BWT AC | 83 |
| C31 BWT BU | 1,831 |
| C34 POT AC | 854 |
| C35 POT BU | 84,215 |
| C43 HAY TONS | 4,544 |
| C47 WOOL LBS | 28,461 |
| C63 BEEF BAR | 956 |
| C64 PORK BAR | 2,219 |
| Gallons of cider produced in the past year | 5,356 |
| HRS ov03 V | 120,991 |
| Number of bulls, oxen, or steers | 365 |
| Number of calves and heifers | 1,978 |
| Number of horses aged 3 years and under | 526 |
| Number of horses aged over 3 years | 1,711 |
| Number of milk cows | 2,634 |
| Number of occupants of farms | 532 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres | 8 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres | 120 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres | 122 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres | 253 |
| Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres | 27 |
| Number of persons living on farms under 10 acres | 2 |
| Number of sheep | 7,472 |
| Number of swine | 3,550 |
| Pounds of cheese produced on farms in the past year | 32,301 |
| Pounds of flax or hemp produced in the past year | 14,892 |
| Pounds of homemade butter | 108,962 |
| Pounds of hops produced in the past year | 432 |
| Pounds of maple sugar produced in the past year | 2,890 |
| Pounds of wool produced on farms in the past year | 28,461 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 4,544 |
| Value of all livestock | 305,969 |
| Value of farm implements in dollars | 87,274 |
| Value of farms (dollars) | 2,254,929 |
| Value of garden and orchard crops produced in the past year | 15,251 |
Manufacturing & industry (5 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of carriages for pleasure | 690 |
| Value of carriages for pleasure (dollars) | 37,749 |
| Yards of flannel produced in the past year | 5,443 |
| Yards of fulled cloth produced in the past year | 1,629 |
| Yards of linen produced in the past year | 13 |
Deaths & mortality (26 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 15 to 20 | 4 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 2 to 3 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 30 to 40 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 40 to 50 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 5 to 10 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 50 to 60 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 60 to 70 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of all ages | 20 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of unknown age | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females under age 1 | 8 |
| Deaths in the past year among males age 3 to 4 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 10 to 15 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 2 to 3 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 20 to 30 | 4 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 30 to 40 | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 4 to 5 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 40 to 50 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 5 to 10 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 50 to 60 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 60 to 70 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 70 to 80 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of all ages | 30 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of unknown age | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males under age 1 | 9 |
| Total number of deaths in the past year | 50 |
Other recorded variables (172 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| All other Places | 9 |
| At Sea | 1 |
| C01 TOTAL | 532 |
| C02 OCC UNDR 10 | 2 |
| C03 OCC 10 TO 20 | 8 |
| C04 OCC 20 TO 50 | 122 |
| C05 OCC 50 TO 100 | 253 |
| C06 OCC 100 TO 200 | 120 |
| C07 OCC OVR 200 | 27 |
| C08 HELD | 54,602 |
| C09 UNDR CULT | 40,891 |
| C1 Males | 3,328 |
| C10 Deaths under 1 year M | 9 |
| C10 UNDR CROP | 29,456 |
| C102 Between 90 and 100 years Widowers M | 1 |
| C11 Deaths under 1 year F | 8 |
| C11 UNDR PAST | 10,732 |
| C117 Ages not given F | 1 |
| C118 Ages not given Deaths M | 1 |
| C119 Ages not given Deaths F | 1 |
| C12 GARDENS | 703 |
| C12 Under 2 Years M | 114 |
| C120 Married M | 1,038 |
| C121 Single M | 2,230 |
| C122 Widowed M | 60 |
| C123 Total M | 3,328 |
| C124 Married F | 928 |
| C125 Single F | 1,935 |
| C126 Widows F | 124 |
| C127 Total F | 2,987 |
| C128 Grand Total | 6,315 |
| C129 Deaths M | 30 |
| C13 Under 2 Years F | 110 |
| C13 WOOD WILD | 13,711 |
| C130 Deaths F | 20 |
| C131 Deaths Total | 50 |
| C134 Negroes M | 14 |
| C135 Negreos F | 7 |
| C136 Attending School M | 718 |
| C137 Attending School F | 561 |
| C138 Adults unable to read or write M | 116 |
| C139 Adults unable to read or write F | 14 |
| C14 CASH FARM | 2,254,929 |
| C140 Deaf and Dumb M | 1 |
| C144 Lunatics M | 5 |
| C145 Lunatics F | 1 |
| C15 CASH IMP | 87,274 |
| C16 GARDN VALUE | 15,251 |
| C16 Under 3 years M | 144 |
| C17 LAND HELD | 1,331 |
| C17 Under 3 years F | 118 |
| C18 Deaths under 3 years M | 1 |
| C19 Deaths under 3 years F | 1 |
| C2 Females | 2,987 |
| C20 Under 4 years M | 106 |
| C21 Under 4 years F | 118 |
| C22 Deaths under 4 years M | 1 |
| C24 Under 5 years M | 118 |
| C25 Under 5 years F | 120 |
| C26 Deaths under 5 years M | 2 |
| C28 Between 5 and 10 Years M | 444 |
| C29 Between 5 and 10 years F | 376 |
| C3 Total | 6,315 |
| C30 Deaths between 5 and 10 years M | 2 |
| C31 Deaths between 5 and 10 years F | 1 |
| C32 INDN CRN AC | 451 |
| C33 Between 10 and 15 years Single M | 364 |
| C33 INDN CRN BU | 11,726 |
| C35 Between 10 and 15 years Single F | 425 |
| C36 Between 10 and 15 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C36 TUR AC | 387 |
| C37 TUR BU | 146,046 |
| C38 Between 15 and 20 years Married M | 3 |
| C38 CAR BU | 72,877 |
| C39 Between 15 and 20 years Single M | 366 |
| C39 MAN WURT AC | 46 |
| C4 Members of Family M | 3,007 |
| C40 Between 15 and 20 years Married F | 18 |
| C40 MAN WURT BU | 25,989 |
| C41 BEN BU | 155 |
| C41 Between 15 and 20 years Single F | 378 |
| C42 CLV TIM GRA | 254 |
| C43 Between 15 and 20 years Deaths F | 4 |
| C44 Between 20 and 30 years Married M | 272 |
| C44 HOP LBS | 432 |
| C45 Between 20 and 30 years Single M | 378 |
| C45 MPL SGR LBS | 2,890 |
| C46 Between 20 and 30 years Widowers M | 1 |
| C46 CID GAL | 5,356 |
| C47 Between 20 and 30 years Married F | 284 |
| C48 Between 20 and 30 years Single F | 148 |
| C48 FLLD CLOTH YRDS | 1,629 |
| C49 Between 20 and 30 years Widows F | 11 |
| C49 FLAN YRDS | 5,443 |
| C5 Members of Family F | 2,742 |
| C50 Between 20 and 30 years Deaths M | 4 |
| C50 FLX HEM LBS | 14,892 |
| C51 LIN YRDS | 13 |
| C52 Between 30 and 40 years Married M | 336 |
| C52 BULLS OX STEERS | 365 |
| C53 Between 30 and 40 years Single M | 54 |
| C53 MILK COWS | 2,634 |
| C54 Between 30 and 40 years Widowers M | 8 |
| C54 CALVES HEIFERS | 1,978 |
| C55 Between 30 and 40 years Married F | 280 |
| C55 HORSES | 1,711 |
| C56 Between 30 and 40 years Single F | 36 |
| C56 HORSES VAL | 120,991 |
| C57 Between 30 and 40 years Widows F | 12 |
| C57 COLTS FILLIES | 526 |
| C58 Between 30 and 40 years Deaths M | 3 |
| C58 SHEEP | 7,472 |
| C59 Between 30 and 40 years Deaths F | 2 |
| C59 SWINE | 3,550 |
| C6 Not Members of Family M | 321 |
| C60 Between 40 and 50 years Married M | 228 |
| C60 TOT VALUE | 305,969 |
| C61 Between 40 and 50 years Single M | 22 |
| C61 BUTTER LB | 108,962 |
| C62 Between 40 and 50 years Widowers M | 12 |
| C62 CHEESE LB | 32,301 |
| C63 Between 40 and 50 years Married F | 180 |
| C64 Between 40 and 50 years Single F | 5 |
| C65 Between 40 and 50 years Widows F | 27 |
| C66 Between 40 and 50 years Deaths M | 2 |
| C67 Between 40 and 50 years Deaths F | 2 |
| C68 Between 50 and 60 years Married M | 126 |
| C68 CAR PLEASURE | 690 |
| C69 Between 50 and 60 years Single M | 6 |
| C69 VALUE DOL P | 37,749 |
| C7 Not Members of Family F | 245 |
| C70 Between 50 and 60 years Widowers M | 11 |
| C71 Between 50 and 60 years Married F | 92 |
| C72 Between 50 and 60 years Single F | 8 |
| C73 Between 50 and 60 years Widows F | 32 |
| C74 Between 50 and 60 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C75 Between 50 and 60 years Deaths F | 1 |
| C76 Between 60 and 70 years Married M | 56 |
| C77 Between 60 and 70 years Single M | 6 |
| C78 Between 60 and 70 years Widowers M | 19 |
| C79 Between 60 and 70 years Married F | 64 |
| C8 Births in 1860 M | 108 |
| C80 Between 60 and 70 years Single F | 3 |
| C81 Between 60 and 70 years Widows F | 21 |
| C82 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C83 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths F | 1 |
| C84 Between 70 and 80 years Married M | 14 |
| C86 Between 70 and 80 years Widowers M | 6 |
| C87 Between 70 and 80 years Married F | 9 |
| C88 Between 70 and 80 years Single F | 2 |
| C89 Between 70 and 80 years Widows F | 16 |
| C9 Births in 1860 F | 86 |
| C90 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths M | 2 |
| C91 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths F | 1 |
| C92 Between 80 and 90 years Married M | 3 |
| C94 Between 80 and 90 years Widowers M | 3 |
| C95 Between 80 and 90 years Married F | 1 |
| C96 Between 80 and 90 years Single F | 1 |
| C97 Between 80 and 90 years Widows F | 5 |
| CD NAME | Northumberland |
| Colored Persons | 3 |
| East Indies | 1 |
| England and Wales | 843 |
| France | 13 |
| Ireland | 981 |
| Natives of Canada French Origin | 14 |
| Natives of Canada Not of French Origin | 3,787 |
| New Brunswick | 3 |
| Prussia German States and Holland | 2 |
| Scotland | 514 |
| United States | 145 |
| West Indies | 2 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
ON088008— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_ON132005— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Hamilton, Ontario (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/hamilton-on088008-1861/.