Niagara, Ontario (1861 census)
Niagara was a census subdivision in Ontario, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 2,400. The community is grounded to Wikidata Q448372. The administrative centroid was at approximately 43.199°N, 79.108°W.
Population
In 1861, Niagara had a population of 2,400: 1,241 male and 1,159 female residents.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1851 | 2,250 |
| 1861 | 2,400 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861
In the 1861 census, Niagara shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1861
The 1861 census recorded 183 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 6 categories.
Population & families (1861). This community's record includes 2,400 total population, 1,241 males, 1,159 females, Male members of the family who are present: 1,080, Female members of the family who are present: 1,034, 808 single males, 745 single females, 406 married males, 375 married females, 227 males attending school, 182 females attending school, Males present who are not members of the family: 161, Females present who are not members of the family: 125, 75 adult females unable to read or write, 69 adult males unable to read or write, 39 female births, 39 male births, 39 widowed females, 27 widowed males, 3 persons at sea, 1 lunatic females, 1 lunatic males. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T1; V1T5.)
Age structure (1861). This community's record includes 166 single males aged 20 to 30, 157 single males aged 10 to 15, 141 females aged 5 to 10, 135 single females aged 10 to 15, 126 single females aged 15 to 20, 120 males aged 5 to 10, 119 married males aged 30 to 40, 118 single males aged 15 to 20, 117 single females aged 20 to 30, 110 married females aged 30 to 40, 100 married females aged 20 to 30, 81 married males aged 40 to 50, 64 married males aged 20 to 30, 62 married females aged 40 to 50, 59 married males aged 50 to 60, 58 married females aged 50 to 60, 57 married males aged 60 to 70, 43 males aged 1 to 2, 41 females aged 1 to 2, 40 males aged 2 to 3, 35 females aged 4 to 5, 35 males aged 4 to 5, 34 females age 3 to 4, 34 married females aged 60 to 70, 33 females aged 2 to 3, 30 males aged 3 to 4, 30 single males aged 30 to 40, 20 single females aged 30 to 40, 19 married males aged 70 to 80, 13 single males aged 50 to 60, 13 widowed females aged 50 to 60, 12 single females aged 50 to 60, 11 single males aged 40 to 50, 11 widowed females aged 60 to 70, 8 single females aged 40 to 50, 8 widowed males aged 60 to 70, 7 married females aged 70 to 80, 6 females of unknown age, 6 widowed males aged 40 to 50, 5 single males aged 60 to 70, 4 married males aged 80 to 90, 4 single females aged 60 to 70, 4 widowed females aged 30 to 40, 4 widowed females aged 40 to 50, 4 widowed males aged 30 to 40, 4 widowed males aged 70 to 80, 3 widowed females aged 70 to 80, 3 widowed females aged 80 to 90, 3 widowed males aged 80 to 90, 2 married females aged 80 to 90, 2 married males aged 15 to 20, 2 widowed males aged 50 to 60, 1 males of unknown age, 1 married females aged 15 to 20, 1 married females aged 90 to 100, 1 married males aged 90 to 100, 1 widowed females aged 20 to 30. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T5.)
Ethnic origin (1861). This community's record includes 1,730 persons native to Canada, not of French origin, 227 persons originating in Ireland, 161 persons originating in England or Wales, 150 persons originating in the United States, 102 persons originating in Scotland, 47 Indigenous persons, 27 Indigenous males, 20 Indigenous females, 14 persons originating in Switzerland, 9 male negroes or coloured persons, 9 negroes or coloured persons, 6 persons originating in Nova Scotia or Prince Edward Island, 2 persons originating in New Brunswick, 1 persons originating in all other places, 1 persons originating in Italy or Greece, 1 persons originating in Spain or Portugal, 1 persons whose origin is unknown. 1 persons originating in Guernsey, Jersey, or other British islands. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T1; V1T5.)
Agriculture (1861). This community's record includes $855,909 value farms (dollars), $120,425 value all livestock, 70,539 pounds of homemade butter, $51,832 value horses aged over 3 years, 48,228 bushels of potatoes, 44,296 bushels of oats, $39,388 value farm implements in dollars, 37,444 bushels of corn, 21,919 bushels of turnips, 19,477 acres of land in farms, 16,285 bushels of carrots, 15,434 gallons of cider, 15,065 bushels of spring wheat, 14,797 acres of farmland under cultivation, $11,815 value garden and orchard crops, 11,624 bushels of barley, 10,899 bushels of winter wheat, 10,434 pounds of wool produced on farms, 10,247 acres of farmland under crops, 7,730 bushels of buckwheat, 7,029 bushels of peas, 6,415 bushels of mangel wurtzel, 4,480 acres of farmland in woodland or forest, 3,908 acres of farmland in pasture, 3,254 bushels of rye, 2,761 sheep, 2,156 tons of hay, 2,072 pounds of cheese produced on farms, 2,067 swine, 1,495 acres of oats, 1,082 acres of corn, 931 acres of spring wheat, 873 acres of winter wheat, 865 milk cows, 806 horses aged over 3 years, 767 calves and heifers, 661 barrels of pork, 642 acres of farmland in gardens, 573 acres of barley, 443 acres of potatoes, 407 acres of peas, 405 acres of buckwheat, 270 pounds of flax or hemp, 248 horses aged 3 years and under, 232 acres of rye, 201 occupants of farms, 163 acres of farmland held by townspeople who are not farmers, 121 bushels of beans, 106 barrels of beef, 86 bulls, oxen, or steers, 72 persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres, 64 acres of turnips, 62 bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed, 55 persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres, 50 pounds of maple sugar, 48 persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres, 21 pounds of hops, 15 persons living on farms over 200 acres, 9 persons living on farms under 10 acres, 2 persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V2T11.)
Manufacturing & industry (1861). This community's record includes $11,192 value carriages for pleasure (dollars), 745 yards of flannel, 321 yards of fulled cloth, 156 carriages for pleasure, 46 yards of linen. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V2T11.)
Deaths & mortality (1861). This community's record includes 23 total number of deaths, Deaths in the past year among males of all ages: 14, Deaths in the past year among females of all ages: 9, Deaths in the past year among males aged 70 to 80: 3, Deaths in the past year among females aged 20 to 30: 2, Deaths in the past year among males age 3 to 4: 2, Deaths in the past year among males under age 1: 2, Deaths in the past year among females aged 15 to 20: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 30 to 40: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 40 to 50: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 5 to 10: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 60 to 70: 1, Deaths in the past year among females aged 80 to 90: 1, Deaths in the past year among females under age 1: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 1 to 2: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 15 to 20: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 2 to 3: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 20 to 30: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 50 to 60: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 60 to 70: 1, Deaths in the past year among males aged 80 to 90: 1. (Source: 1861 Census of Canada, V1T5.)
People with Dictionary of Canadian Biography entries
The Dictionary of Canadian Biography includes biographies of 21 people connected to this place who were alive in 1861, listed below by birth year. Each name links to that person's DCB entry.
| Name | Lifespan | Connection |
|---|---|---|
| Joshua Gwillen Doan | b. 1811 | born here |
| Nelson Burns | 1834–1904 | born here |
| Alexander McMicken | 1837–1916 | born here |
| Charles J. S. (Charles James Stewart) Bethune | 1838–1932 | born here |
| Janet Carnochan | 1839–1926 | born here |
| Margaret Vallance | 1840–1922 | born here |
| Richard Amos Ball | 1845–1925 | born here |
| James Walker | 1846–1936 | born here |
| Linus Woolverton | 1846–1914 | born here |
| Sara Calder | 1846–1914 | born here |
| Sir William Glenholme Falconbridge | 1846–1920 | born here |
| Edith Sarah Louisa Boulton | 1847–1912 | born here |
| Mary Agnes Snively | 1847–1933 | born here |
| John Kelly Barrett | 1850–1938 | born here |
| James Elgin Wetherell | 1851–1940 | born here |
| John Bolingbroke Sparrow | 1852–1914 | born here |
| William Hamilton Merritt | 1855–1918 | born here |
| Sir John Strathearn Hendrie | 1857–1923 | born here |
| Frank Hamilton Mewburn | 1858–1929 | born here |
| Marion Elizabeth Stinson | 1859–1919 | born here |
| Francis Joseph Nelson | 1860–1932 | born here |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
ON085007— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_ON085007— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: Q448372
- Wikipedia (EN): https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niagara-on-the-Lake
- Wikipédia (FR): https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niagara-on-the-Lake
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Niagara, Ontario (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/niagara-on085007-1861/.