Markham, Ontario (1891 census)
Markham was a census subdivision in Ontario, recorded in the 1891 Census of Canada with a population of 5,681. The administrative centroid was at approximately 43.888°N, 79.317°W.
Population
In 1891, Markham had a population of 5,681: 2,928 male and 2,753 female residents.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1891 | 5,681 |
| 1901 | 5,378 |
| 1911 | 5,328 |
| 1921 | 5,267 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Boundary continuity (non-identical overlaps)
Spatial polygon overlaps with adjacent census years where the boundary shifted enough that the SAME_AS chain didn't merge them. These show where the territory came from and went to even when it isn't tracked as the same persistent place.
Earlier boundary forms
- In an earlier year, this CSD contained Stouffville, Village, 1881 (0.7% share).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1891
In the 1891 census, Markham shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1891
The 1891 census recorded 88 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 5 categories.
Population & families (1891). This community's record includes 5,681 total population, 2,928 males, 2,753 females, 2,075 married persons, 1,194 families, 1,040 married males, 1,035 married females, 243 widowed persons, 156 widowed females, 87 widowed males, 4.70 average size of families. (Source: 1891 Census of Canada, V1T2; V1T3.)
Age structure (1891). This community's record includes 3,363 single persons under 18, 1,801 single males under 18, 1,562 single females under 18. (Source: 1891 Census of Canada, V1T3.)
Ethnic origin (1891). This community's record includes 5,681 persons who are not French Canadian. (Source: 1891 Census of Canada, V1T3.)
Buildings & housing (1891). This community's record includes 1,183 occupied houses, 1,182 houses, 872 houses built of wood, 843 houses of 2 stories, 789 houses of 6 to 10 rooms, 338 houses of 1 story, 264 houses built of brick, 146 houses of 5 rooms, 94 houses of 4 rooms, 76 houses of 11 to 15 rooms, 60 houses of 3 rooms, 46 houses built of stone, 46 uninhabited houses, 9 houses of 2 rooms, 7 houses of over 15 rooms, 7 houses under construction, 1 dwellings that are vessels and shanties, 1 houses of 1 room, 1 houses of 3 stories. (Source: 1891 Census of Canada, V1T2.)
Agriculture (1891). This community's record includes 334,677 bushels of oats, 314,309 bushels of turnips, 308,861 pounds of homemade butter, 213,025 bushels of barley, 84,635 bushels of peas, 66,029 acres of land in farms, 65,561 bushels of winter wheat, 62,720 bushels of potatoes, 60,436 acres of improved land in farms, 51,386 acres of farmland under crops, 50,043 bushels of spring wheat, 32,310 chickens, 15,115 tons of hay, 13,677 pounds of coarse wool produced on farms, 11,214 acres of oats, 9,565 acres of hay crops, 9,158 swine slaughtered or sold, 8,581 acres of barley, 7,788 pounds of fine wool produced on farms, 7,477 acres of farmland in pasture, 6,652 swine, 6,348 acres of wheat, 6,100 bushels of corn, 5,593 acres of farmland in woodland or forest, 4,463 sheep, 3,047 milk cows, 2,724 horses aged over 3 years, 2,237 other cattle, 1,864 bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed, 1,573 acres of farmland in gardens or orchards, 1,503 sheep slaughtered or sold, 1,220 horses aged 3 years and under, 1,157 occupants of farms, 979 cattle killed or sold, 911 acres of turnips, 893 acres of potatoes, 870 geese, 810 turkeys, 703 farm occupants who own their land, 555 ducks, 535 persons living on farms under 10 acres, 450 farm occupants who rent their land, 378 pounds of cheese produced on farms, 310 persons living on farms between 51 and 100 acres, 262 bushels of rye, 177 persons living on farms between 101 and 200 acres, 176 bushels of beans, Capacity of silos (tons): 160, 107 persons living on farms between 11 and 50 acres, 101 other fowl, 61 bushels of buckwheat, 28 persons living on farms over 200 acres, 4 employees on farms, 2 oxen. (Source: 1891 Census of Canada, V2T16; V4T2; V4T3.)
People with Dictionary of Canadian Biography entries
The Dictionary of Canadian Biography includes biographies of 1 person connected to this place who were alive in 1891, listed below by birth year. Each name links to that person's DCB entry.
| Name | Lifespan | Connection |
|---|---|---|
| Robert Miller | 1857–1935 | died here |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
ON131001— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_ON154006— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1891 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Markham, Ontario (1891 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/markham-on131001-1891/.