Montague, Ontario (1861 census)
Montague was a census subdivision in Lanark County, Ontario, recorded in the 1861 Census of Canada with a population of 3,478. The administrative centroid was at approximately 44.964°N, 75.956°W.
Population
In 1861, Montague had a population of 3,478: 1,778 male and 1,700 female residents. Population density was 30.3 people per square mile.
Population trajectory across census years
| Year | Population |
|---|---|
| 1851 | 3,356 |
| 1861 | 3,478 |
| 1871 | 3,187 |
| 1881 | 2,683 |
| 1891 | 2,232 |
| 1901 | 2,058 |
| 1911 | 1,839 |
| 1921 | 1,792 |
Cross-year identity established by spatial polygon overlap (SAME_AS chains across the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary files).
Neighbouring Census Subdivisions in 1861
In the 1861 census, Montague shared boundaries with:
Full census record, 1861
The 1861 census recorded 362 measurements for this Census Subdivision across 8 categories. Tables below are collapsible.
Population & families (27 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Female members of the family who are present | 1,625 |
| Females present who are not members of the family | 75 |
| Male members of the family who are present | 1,689 |
| Males present who are not members of the family | 89 |
| Number of adult females unable to read or write | 27 |
| Number of adult males unable to read or write | 29 |
| Number of blind males | 1 |
| Number of deaf and dumb males | 2 |
| Number of female births in the past year | 67 |
| Number of females | 1,700 |
| Number of females attending school | 349 |
| Number of lunatic females | 1 |
| Number of lunatic males | 2 |
| Number of male births in the past year | 67 |
| Number of males | 1,778 |
| Number of males attending school | 410 |
| Number of married females | 524 |
| Number of married males | 513 |
| Number of single females | 1,127 |
| Number of single males | 1,237 |
| Number of widowed females | 49 |
| Number of widowed males | 28 |
| POP FX N.1 | 1,700 |
| POP MX N.1 | 1,778 |
| POP TOT | 3,478 |
| POP XX N.1 | 3,478 |
| Total population | 3,478 |
Age structure (62 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of females age 3 to 4 | 54 |
| Number of females aged 1 to 2 | 52 |
| Number of females aged 2 to 3 | 51 |
| Number of females aged 4 to 5 | 53 |
| Number of females aged 5 to 10 | 235 |
| Number of females of unknown age | 1 |
| Number of males aged 1 to 2 | 69 |
| Number of males aged 2 to 3 | 67 |
| Number of males aged 3 to 4 | 59 |
| Number of males aged 4 to 5 | 47 |
| Number of males aged 5 to 10 | 301 |
| Number of males of unknown age | 2 |
| Number of married females aged 10 to 15 | 1 |
| Number of married females aged 15 to 20 | 16 |
| Number of married females aged 20 to 30 | 174 |
| Number of married females aged 30 to 40 | 123 |
| Number of married females aged 40 to 50 | 116 |
| Number of married females aged 50 to 60 | 60 |
| Number of married females aged 60 to 70 | 27 |
| Number of married females aged 70 to 80 | 6 |
| Number of married females aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of married males aged 15 to 20 | 3 |
| Number of married males aged 20 to 30 | 105 |
| Number of married males aged 30 to 40 | 130 |
| Number of married males aged 40 to 50 | 104 |
| Number of married males aged 50 to 60 | 105 |
| Number of married males aged 60 to 70 | 47 |
| Number of married males aged 70 to 80 | 17 |
| Number of married males aged 80 to 90 | 1 |
| Number of married males aged 90 to 100 | 1 |
| Number of single females aged 10 to 15 | 238 |
| Number of single females aged 15 to 20 | 226 |
| Number of single females aged 20 to 30 | 126 |
| Number of single females aged 30 to 40 | 10 |
| Number of single females aged 40 to 50 | 5 |
| Number of single females aged 50 to 60 | 5 |
| Number of single females aged 60 to 70 | 2 |
| Number of single females aged 70 to 80 | 2 |
| Number of single males aged 10 to 15 | 232 |
| Number of single males aged 15 to 20 | 229 |
| Number of single males aged 20 to 30 | 133 |
| Number of single males aged 30 to 40 | 18 |
| Number of single males aged 40 to 50 | 3 |
| Number of single males aged 50 to 60 | 4 |
| Number of single males aged 60 to 70 | 3 |
| Number of single males aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Number of single males aged 80 to 90 | 2 |
| Number of widowed females aged 20 to 30 | 2 |
| Number of widowed females aged 30 to 40 | 6 |
| Number of widowed females aged 40 to 50 | 8 |
| Number of widowed females aged 50 to 60 | 13 |
| Number of widowed females aged 60 to 70 | 7 |
| Number of widowed females aged 70 to 80 | 7 |
| Number of widowed females aged 80 to 90 | 5 |
| Number of widowed females aged 90 to 100 | 1 |
| Number of widowed males aged 30 to 40 | 2 |
| Number of widowed males aged 40 to 50 | 6 |
| Number of widowed males aged 50 to 60 | 4 |
| Number of widowed males aged 60 to 70 | 6 |
| Number of widowed males aged 70 to 80 | 5 |
| Number of widowed males aged 80 to 90 | 4 |
| Number of widowed males aged 90 to 100 | 1 |
Ethnic origin (10 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of French Canadians | 14 |
| Number of persons native to Canada, not of French origin | 2,554 |
| Number of persons originating in England or Wales | 49 |
| Number of persons originating in France | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in Ireland | 700 |
| Number of persons originating in Russia or Poland | 1 |
| Number of persons originating in Scotland | 100 |
| Number of persons originating in the United States | 57 |
| Number of persons originating in the West Indies | 1 |
| Number of persons whose origin is unknown | 1 |
Agriculture (77 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Acres of barley | 14 |
| Acres of buckwheat | 311 |
| Acres of corn | 95 |
| Acres of farmland held by townspeople who are not farmers | 4 |
| Acres of farmland in gardens | 29 |
| Acres of farmland in pasture | 6,466 |
| Acres of farmland in woodland or forest | 31,461 |
| Acres of farmland under crops | 10,429 |
| Acres of farmland under cultivation | 16,924 |
| Acres of land in farms | 48,385 |
| Acres of oats | 2,490 |
| Acres of peas | 597 |
| Acres of potatoes | 637 |
| Acres of rye | 22 |
| Acres of spring wheat | 2,965 |
| Acres of turnips | 49 |
| Acres of winter wheat | 179 |
| Barrels of beef produced in the past year | 231 |
| Barrels of pork produced in the past year | 1,081 |
| Bushels of barley produced in the past year | 229 |
| Bushels of beans produced in the past year | 23 |
| Bushels of buckwheat produced in the past year | 4,343 |
| Bushels of carrots produced in the past year | 837 |
| Bushels of clover, timothy, or other grass seed produced in the past year | 4 |
| Bushels of corn produced in the past year | 2,637 |
| Bushels of oats produced in the past year | 49,314 |
| Bushels of peas produced in the past year | 9,283 |
| Bushels of potatoes produced in the past year | 62,417 |
| Bushels of rye produced in the past year | 339 |
| Bushels of spring wheat produced in the past year | 43,918 |
| Bushels of turnips produced in the past year | 9,691 |
| Bushels of winter wheat produced in the past year | 3,107 |
| C18 WHT FALL AC | 179 |
| C19 WHT FALL BU | 3,107 |
| C20 WHT SP AC | 2,965 |
| C21 WHT SP BU | 43,918 |
| C22 BAR AC | 14 |
| C23 BAR BU | 229 |
| C24 RYE AC | 22 |
| C25 RYE BU | 339 |
| C26 PEA AC | 597 |
| C27 PEA BU | 9,283 |
| C28 OAT AC | 2,490 |
| C29 OAT BU | 49,314 |
| C30 BWT AC | 311 |
| C31 BWT BU | 4,343 |
| C34 POT AC | 637 |
| C35 POT BU | 62,417 |
| C43 HAY TONS | 2,560 |
| C47 WOOL LBS | 10,911 |
| C63 BEEF BAR | 231 |
| C64 PORK BAR | 1,081 |
| HRS ov03 V | 53,325 |
| Number of bulls, oxen, or steers | 60 |
| Number of calves and heifers | 1,680 |
| Number of horses aged 3 years and under | 435 |
| Number of horses aged over 3 years | 906 |
| Number of milk cows | 1,869 |
| Number of occupants of farms | 443 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 10 and 20 acres | 6 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 100 and 200 acres | 112 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 20 and 50 acres | 68 |
| Number of persons living on farms between 50 and 100 acres | 218 |
| Number of persons living on farms over 200 acres | 21 |
| Number of persons living on farms under 10 acres | 18 |
| Number of sheep | 3,472 |
| Number of swine | 1,341 |
| Pounds of cheese produced on farms in the past year | 2,080 |
| Pounds of homemade butter | 149,225 |
| Pounds of hops produced in the past year | 72 |
| Pounds of maple sugar produced in the past year | 30,472 |
| Pounds of wool produced on farms in the past year | 10,911 |
| Tons of hay produced in the past year | 2,560 |
| Value of all livestock | 120,978 |
| Value of farm implements in dollars | 19,729 |
| Value of farms (dollars) | 455,704 |
| Value of garden and orchard crops produced in the past year | 879 |
Manufacturing & industry (4 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Number of carriages for pleasure | 184 |
| Value of carriages for pleasure (dollars) | 6,817 |
| Yards of flannel produced in the past year | 8,378 |
| Yards of fulled cloth produced in the past year | 2,893 |
Fisheries (1 variable)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Barrels of salted fish sold in the past year | 2 |
Deaths & mortality (20 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 1 to 2 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 15 to 20 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 2 to 3 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 20 to 30 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 3 to 4 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 5 to 10 | 5 |
| Deaths in the past year among females aged 70 to 80 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among females of all ages | 19 |
| Deaths in the past year among females under age 1 | 3 |
| Deaths in the past year among males age 3 to 4 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 1 to 2 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 10 to 15 | 2 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 15 to 20 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 2 to 3 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 20 to 30 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males aged 60 to 70 | 1 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of all ages | 15 |
| Deaths in the past year among males of unknown age | 4 |
| Deaths in the past year among males under age 1 | 2 |
| Total number of deaths in the past year | 34 |
Other recorded variables (161 variables)
| Variable | Value |
|---|---|
| C01 TOTAL | 443 |
| C02 OCC UNDR 10 | 18 |
| C03 OCC 10 TO 20 | 6 |
| C04 OCC 20 TO 50 | 68 |
| C05 OCC 50 TO 100 | 218 |
| C06 OCC 100 TO 200 | 112 |
| C07 OCC OVR 200 | 21 |
| C08 HELD | 48,385 |
| C09 UNDR CULT | 16,924 |
| C1 Males | 1,778 |
| C10 Deaths under 1 year M | 2 |
| C10 UNDR CROP | 10,429 |
| C100 Between 90 and 100 years Married M | 1 |
| C102 Between 90 and 100 years Widowers M | 1 |
| C105 Between 90 and 100 years Widows F | 1 |
| C11 Deaths under 1 year F | 3 |
| C11 UNDR PAST | 6,466 |
| C116 Ages not given M | 2 |
| C117 Ages not given F | 1 |
| C118 Ages not given Deaths M | 4 |
| C12 GARDENS | 29 |
| C12 Under 2 Years M | 69 |
| C120 Married M | 513 |
| C121 Single M | 1,237 |
| C122 Widowed M | 28 |
| C123 Total M | 1,778 |
| C124 Married F | 524 |
| C125 Single F | 1,127 |
| C126 Widows F | 49 |
| C127 Total F | 1,700 |
| C128 Grand Total | 3,478 |
| C129 Deaths M | 15 |
| C13 Under 2 Years F | 52 |
| C13 WOOD WILD | 31,461 |
| C130 Deaths F | 19 |
| C131 Deaths Total | 34 |
| C136 Attending School M | 410 |
| C137 Attending School F | 349 |
| C138 Adults unable to read or write M | 29 |
| C139 Adults unable to read or write F | 27 |
| C14 CASH FARM | 455,704 |
| C14 Deaths under 2 years M | 1 |
| C140 Deaf and Dumb M | 2 |
| C142 Blind M | 1 |
| C144 Lunatics M | 2 |
| C145 Lunatics F | 1 |
| C15 CASH IMP | 19,729 |
| C15 Deaths under 2 years F | 1 |
| C16 GARDN VALUE | 879 |
| C16 Under 3 years M | 67 |
| C17 LAND HELD | 4 |
| C17 Under 3 years F | 51 |
| C18 Deaths under 3 years M | 1 |
| C19 Deaths under 3 years F | 1 |
| C2 Females | 1,700 |
| C20 Under 4 years M | 59 |
| C21 Under 4 years F | 54 |
| C22 Deaths under 4 years M | 2 |
| C23 Deaths under 4 years F | 1 |
| C24 Under 5 years M | 47 |
| C25 Under 5 years F | 53 |
| C28 Between 5 and 10 Years M | 301 |
| C29 Between 5 and 10 years F | 235 |
| C3 Total | 3,478 |
| C31 Deaths between 5 and 10 years F | 5 |
| C32 INDN CRN AC | 95 |
| C33 Between 10 and 15 years Single M | 232 |
| C33 INDN CRN BU | 2,637 |
| C34 Between 10 and 15 years Married F | 1 |
| C35 Between 10 and 15 years Single F | 238 |
| C36 Between 10 and 15 years Deaths M | 2 |
| C36 TUR AC | 49 |
| C37 TUR BU | 9,691 |
| C38 Between 15 and 20 years Married M | 3 |
| C38 CAR BU | 837 |
| C39 Between 15 and 20 years Single M | 229 |
| C4 Members of Family M | 1,689 |
| C40 Between 15 and 20 years Married F | 16 |
| C41 BEN BU | 23 |
| C41 Between 15 and 20 years Single F | 226 |
| C42 Between 15 and 20 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C42 CLV TIM GRA | 4 |
| C43 Between 15 and 20 years Deaths F | 2 |
| C44 Between 20 and 30 years Married M | 105 |
| C44 HOP LBS | 72 |
| C45 Between 20 and 30 years Single M | 133 |
| C45 MPL SGR LBS | 30,472 |
| C47 Between 20 and 30 years Married F | 174 |
| C48 Between 20 and 30 years Single F | 126 |
| C48 FLLD CLOTH YRDS | 2,893 |
| C49 Between 20 and 30 years Widows F | 2 |
| C49 FLAN YRDS | 8,378 |
| C5 Members of Family F | 1,625 |
| C50 Between 20 and 30 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C51 Between 20 and 30 years Deaths F | 1 |
| C52 Between 30 and 40 years Married M | 130 |
| C52 BULLS OX STEERS | 60 |
| C53 Between 30 and 40 years Single M | 18 |
| C53 MILK COWS | 1,869 |
| C54 Between 30 and 40 years Widowers M | 2 |
| C54 CALVES HEIFERS | 1,680 |
| C55 Between 30 and 40 years Married F | 123 |
| C55 HORSES | 906 |
| C56 Between 30 and 40 years Single F | 10 |
| C56 HORSES VAL | 53,325 |
| C57 Between 30 and 40 years Widows F | 6 |
| C57 COLTS FILLIES | 435 |
| C58 SHEEP | 3,472 |
| C59 SWINE | 1,341 |
| C6 Not Members of Family M | 89 |
| C60 Between 40 and 50 years Married M | 104 |
| C60 TOT VALUE | 120,978 |
| C61 Between 40 and 50 years Single M | 3 |
| C61 BUTTER LB | 149,225 |
| C62 Between 40 and 50 years Widowers M | 6 |
| C62 CHEESE LB | 2,080 |
| C63 Between 40 and 50 years Married F | 116 |
| C64 Between 40 and 50 years Single F | 5 |
| C65 Between 40 and 50 years Widows F | 8 |
| C66 FISH SALTED | 2 |
| C68 Between 50 and 60 years Married M | 105 |
| C68 CAR PLEASURE | 184 |
| C69 Between 50 and 60 years Single M | 4 |
| C69 VALUE DOL P | 6,817 |
| C7 Not Members of Family F | 75 |
| C70 Between 50 and 60 years Widowers M | 4 |
| C71 Between 50 and 60 years Married F | 60 |
| C72 Between 50 and 60 years Single F | 5 |
| C73 Between 50 and 60 years Widows F | 13 |
| C76 Between 60 and 70 years Married M | 47 |
| C77 Between 60 and 70 years Single M | 3 |
| C78 Between 60 and 70 years Widowers M | 6 |
| C79 Between 60 and 70 years Married F | 27 |
| C8 Births in 1860 M | 67 |
| C80 Between 60 and 70 years Single F | 2 |
| C81 Between 60 and 70 years Widows F | 7 |
| C82 Between 60 and 70 years Deaths M | 1 |
| C84 Between 70 and 80 years Married M | 17 |
| C85 Between 70 and 80 years Single M | 1 |
| C86 Between 70 and 80 years Widowers M | 5 |
| C87 Between 70 and 80 years Married F | 6 |
| C88 Between 70 and 80 years Single F | 2 |
| C89 Between 70 and 80 years Widows F | 7 |
| C9 Births in 1860 F | 67 |
| C91 Between 70 and 80 years Deaths F | 1 |
| C92 Between 80 and 90 years Married M | 1 |
| C93 Between 80 and 90 years Single M | 2 |
| C94 Between 80 and 90 years Widowers M | 4 |
| C95 Between 80 and 90 years Married F | 1 |
| C97 Between 80 and 90 years Widows F | 5 |
| CD NAME | Lanark |
| England and Wales | 49 |
| France | 1 |
| Ireland | 700 |
| Natives of Canada French Origin | 14 |
| Natives of Canada Not of French Origin | 2,554 |
| Not Known | 1 |
| Russia and Poland | 1 |
| Scotland | 100 |
| United States | 57 |
| West Indies | 1 |
Identifiers
- TCP UID:
ON082010— year-scoped identifier from the Canadian Census Subdivision boundary file - Persistent place ID:
PLACE_ON123010— computed from spatial-overlap chains across census years - Wikidata: not yet grounded. This page covers a place whose persistent identity has not yet been linked to a Wikidata entity. Identification is via TCP UID and spatial polygon only.
Sources
Census tabulations from the 1861 Census of Canada, transcribed and georeferenced by the Canadian Peoples / TCP project, hosted at the HGIS Lab, University of Saskatchewan. Persistent place identity computed from spatial-overlap chains across all available census years (1851–1921). Identity grounding to Wikidata performed via the HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph project's MCP-assisted disambiguation pipeline. See the About / Methodology page for the full data pipeline.
Cite this page
Clifford, J. (2026). "Montague, Ontario (1861 census)" in HGIS Canada Knowledge Graph. Retrieved from https://jimclifford.ca/hgiscanada/places/on/montague-on082010-1861/.